Zambrana (Eocene of Spain)

Where: Basque County, Spain (42.7° N, 2.9° W: paleocoordinates 41.3° N, 6.1° W)

• coordinate based on nearby landmark

When: MP 18 (37.2 - 33.9 Ma)

• biozone MP 18, early middle Ludian (Priabonian)

•European Headonian Land Mammal Age corresponding to the reference level MP 18 (Astibia et al., 2000; Badiola, 2004; Badiola et al., 2009b).

• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: lacustrine; carbonaceous marl and limestone

• the basin was highly influenced by tectonic activity, and the first compressive stresses related to the Pyrean phase of the Alpine orogenesis that took place during the early Eocene

•The depositional setting was a shallow, low-gradient freshwater lake margin with a peripheral swamp (Iriarte et al., 2003; Badiola et al., 2009a).

• lacustrine coal-bearing marls and limestones

•the fossiliferous beds, which consist of palustrine- lacustrine coal-bearing marls and marlstones, are located in one of the oldest lacustrine systems in the Miranda-Treviño Basin (Basque-Cantabrian Region) (Astibia et al., 2000)

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Primary reference: A. Badiola, H. Astibia, A. Aranburu, X. Pereda Suberbiola, X. Murelaga, C. Sese, M. A. Cuesta, S. Moya-Sola, J. I. Baceta and M. Kohler. 1999. A new continental vertebrate locality from the Upper Eocene of Zambrana (Miranda-Trevino Basin, Alava, Basque Country). IV European Workshop on vertebrate Paleontology, Albarracin, Spain 19 [J. Alroy/E. Leckey/E. Leckey]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 38817: authorized by John Alroy, entered by Erin Leckey on 06.05.2004, edited by Richard Butler and Grace Varnham

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Amphibia
 Salientia -
Anura indet.6 Fischer von Waldheim 1813 frog
Mammalia
 Rodentia - Gliridae
Glamys priscus1 Stehlin and Schaub 1951 dormouse
isolated tooth
 Rodentia - Theridomyidae
Remys sp.6 Thaler 1966 rodent
Pseudoltinomys sp.6 Lavocat 1951 rodent
Elfomys parvulus6 Hartenberger 1971 rodent
isolated teeth
Pseudosciurinae indet.1 Lavocat 1951 rodent
isolated tooth
Theridomys aff. golpei Hartenberger 1973 rodent
isolated teeth
 Primates - Omomyidae
Microchoerus aff. erinaceus6 Wood 1844 tarsier
Right mandible fragment with p3-m3 (MCNA 14518); right mandible fragment with p4-m3 (MCNA 14519).
 Perissodactyla - Palaeotheriidae
Leptolophus "new species"6 Remy 1965 odd-toed ungulate
Leptolophus sp.2 Remy 1965 odd-toed ungulate
fragment of mandible with teeth
Leptolophus cuestai n. sp.7 Perales-Gogenola et al. 2021 odd-toed ungulate
Holotype: MCNA 9948, right M2; MCNA 9947, right M1; MCNA 9002, incomplete left hemimandible preserving the m1–(m2)–(m3) series; MCNA 9949, incomplete right hemimandible showing the p4– m1–(m2)–(m3) series
Leptolophus franzeni n. sp.7 Perales-Gogenola et al. 2021 odd-toed ungulate
Holotype: UPV/EHU-Z4.1092, cranium fragment with right and left C–P2–P3–P4–M1–M2–(M3) series. Fragmented right P2 and P4, and left P2; MCNA 11848, left M3; MCNA 11849, right M3; UPV/EHU- Z4.1041 fragment of right hemimandible with a par- tially erupted m3.
"Paranchilophus remyi" = Anchilophus (Paranchilophus) remyi6 Casanovas and Santafé 1989 odd-toed ungulate
fragment of mandible with teeth
Pachynolophus zambranensis n. sp.5 Badiola et al. 2005 odd-toed ungulate
MCNA 10657 (holotype). MCNA 10658-10661 (paratypes). 21 referred specimens
Iberolophus arabensis n. gen. n. sp.4 Badiola and Cuesta 2008 odd-toed ungulate
MCNA 11953 (holotype). Paratypes: MCNA 10183, skull fragment, showing the right and left M1–M3 molar series; MCNA 11888, left P3–4; MCNA 11906, left P1–2; MCNA 13372, left p4; and MCNA 13373, right p1. Referred material: —MCNA 11904, right P3–4; MCNA 11887, 11893, left P3–4; MCNA 13375, fragment of the left P3–4; MCNA 11905, fragment of the left P3–4; MCNA 11950, right P1-2 (incomplete lingually); MCNA 13374, fragment of the right upper premolar; MCNA 11951, fragment of the upper premolar; MCNA 11952, fragment of the lower premolar
Palaeotherium "new species" Cuvier 1804 odd-toed ungulate
fragments of mandibles with teeth
 Perissodactyla - Pachynolophidae
Plagiolophinae indet.1 Remy 1976 odd-toed ungulate
 Artiodactyla - Dichobunidae
Dichobune leporina6 Cuvier 1822 even-toed ungulate
 Artiodactyla - Xiphodontidae
Haplomeryx sp.6 Schlosser 1886 even-toed ungulate
Xiphodon gracilis6 even-toed ungulate
fragment of mandible with teeth
 Artiodactyla - Anoplotheriidae
Anoplotherium sp.6 Cuvier 1804 even-toed ungulate
Anoplotherium laurillardi6 Pomel 1851 even-toed ungulate
 Theriamorpha -
Paramiacis sp.6 Filhol 1876 placental
Quercygale sp.6 Kretzoi 1945 placental
isolated teeth
 Theriamorpha - Herpetotheriidae
Peratherium cuvieri3 Fisher 1829 marsupial
MCNA 11853, 118854, hemimandibles
Reptilia
 Testudines -
Cryptodira indet.6 turtle
fragments of plastron
 Squamata -
 Crocodylia -
Diplocynodon sp. Pomel 1847 crocodilian
isolated teeth and osteodermes