Hordle Cliff Crocodile Bed, Hampshire (Eocene of the United Kingdom)

Also known as Hordwell

Where: England, United Kingdom (50.7° N, 1.6° W: paleocoordinates 49.2° N, 5.5° W)

• coordinate based on nearby landmark

• local area-level geographic resolution

When: Headon Beds Formation, Priabonian (38.0 - 33.9 Ma)

• part of the Lower Headon Beds, this bed is approx. 6 m above the base, and is is approx. 2m thick. At this locality the Crocodile Bed lies above the Leaf Bed and almost immediately below the upper ironsone band. Age is Upper Eocene (Lower Ludian)

• bed-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: terrestrial; white sandstone and concretionary, ferruginous, sandy, calcareous claystone

• whitish sands in the upper part but the lower layers are harder and brownish in color, the rest of the Headon Beds are predominantly clays, with varying amounts of sand, limestone and ironstone

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Collection methods: stratigraphic relationships are based on compilation by Cray, 1973.

•In 1852, the Marchioness of Hastings published an almost identical paper to her 1853 report. I used the later English version, but the earlier paper is the more primary reference.

Primary reference: S. Wood. 1844. Record of the discovery of an Alligator with several new Mammalia in the Freshwater Strata at Hordwell. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 14:349-351 [J. Alroy/E. Leckey/M. Uhen]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 39643: authorized by John Alroy, entered by Erin Leckey on 01.06.2004, edited by David Nicholson and Bethany Allen

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• Cray, 1973 comments that further investigations in the Crocodile Bed have produced only scales of Lepisosteus and occasional crocodile and turtle bones, concluding that the early museum collections came from richly fossiliferous pockets which were largely worked out by the Marchioness.
unclassified
  -
Spalacodon sp. n. gen.
part of a lower jaw
Potomomya angulata4
uncertain whether this is a re-id of S. subangulata or not
Plantae indet.4 Haeckel 1866
 Charales - Characea
Chara sp.4 Linnaeus 1753 stonewort
"Charae"
Actinopteri
 Lepisosteiformes - Lepisosteidae
Lepisosteus sp. Agassiz 1843 gar
 Teleostei -
Teleostei indet.4
fish scales
Aves
  -
Aves indet.4 Linnaeus 1758 bird
two different humeri, coracoids and various other undescribed bird bones
Reptilia
 Crocodylia -
"Crocodilus hastingsiae n. sp." = Diplocynodon hantoniensis8
"Crocodilus hastingsiae n. sp." = Diplocynodon hantoniensis8 Wood 1846 crocodilian
 Crocodylia - Alligatoridae
Alligator hantoniensis n. sp. Wood 1846 alligator
most of the "head" with almost all of the upper teeth, humerus, dermal scutes and other post cranial elements
 Testudines - Trionychidae
"Trionyx henrici n. sp." = Trionyx henrici4, "Trionyx barbarae n. sp." = Trionyx henrici4, "Trionyx marginatus n. sp." = Trionyx henrici4, "Trionyx circumsulcatus n. sp." = Trionyx henrici4
"Trionyx henrici n. sp." = Trionyx henrici4 Owen and Bell 1849 softshell turtle
"Trionyx barbarae n. sp." = Trionyx henrici4 Owen and Bell 1849 softshell turtle
"Trionyx marginatus n. sp." = Trionyx henrici4 Owen and Bell 1849 softshell turtle
"Trionyx circumsulcatus n. sp." = Trionyx henrici4 Owen and Bell 1849 softshell turtle
 Testudines - Cheloniidae
Trachyaspis hantoniensis n. sp.5 Lydekker 1889 sea turtle
BMNH R1443
 Testudines - Carettochelyidae
"Anostira anglica n. sp." = Allaeochelys delheidi5
"Anostira anglica n. sp." = Allaeochelys delheidi5 Dollo 1886 turtle
BMNH 33198
 Testudines - Emydidae
Emys sp.4 Dumeril 1806 pond turtle
n. sp., entire carapace and plastron collected
 Testudines -
"Emys crassus" = Cuvierichelys crassa4
"Emys crassus" = Cuvierichelys crassa4 Owen 1849 turtle
Mammalia
 Macroscelidea - Amphilemuridae
? Gesneropithex grisollensis6 elephant shrew
periotic bone HZM 245.18628
 Insectivora -
Insectivora indet. Bowdich 1821 insectivoran
part of an upper jaw
 Primates - Omomyidae
Microchoerus erinaceus n. gen. n. sp.
Microchoerus erinaceus n. gen. n. sp. Wood 1844 tarsier
"an imperfect cranium": entered as "Microchaerus'
 Theriamorpha -
Quercygale hastingsiae1, "Viverra hastingsae n. sp." = Quercygale hastingsae2
Quercygale hastingsiae1 placental
some type of seal,isolated teeth; ref 10850 has part of a carnivore skull
"Viverra hastingsae n. sp." = Quercygale hastingsae2 Davies 1884 placental
 Creodonta - Oxyaenidae
Argillotherium toliapicum2 Davies 1884 creodont
not clear if this is a new taxon or not, a "mutilated skull"
 Creodonta - Hyaenodontidae
Hyaenodon cf. minor1 Lange-Badré 1979 creodont
one unique lower jaw
 Artiodactyla - Dichobunidae
Dichobune sp.9 Cuvier 1822 even-toed ungulate
teeth
Dichobune sp.4 Cuvier 1822 even-toed ungulate
many specimens
 Artiodactyla - Xiphodontidae
Dichodon cuspidatus n. gen. n. sp.7
Dichodon cuspidatus n. gen. n. sp.7 Owen 1847 even-toed ungulate
lower jaw and teeth, parts of the upper jaw and teeth
 Perissodactyla - Palaeotheriidae
Palaeotherium sp. Cuvier 1804 odd-toed ungulate
scapula and portion of upper jaw
Palaeotherium muehlbergi1 Stehlin 1904 odd-toed ungulate
some fragments of inferior molar teeth of a smaller Palaeotherioid, among which was an entire crown
Palaeotherium cf. medium7 Cuvier 1804 odd-toed ungulate
teeth
"Paloplotherium sp." = Plagiolophus (Paloplotherium)4 odd-toed ungulate
"new species" a series of jaws and bones
"Paloplotherium annectens n. gen. n. sp." = Plagiolophus (Paloplotherium)7 odd-toed ungulate
portion of the skull and upper teeth
Polychaeta
 Sabellida - Serpulidae
Gastropoda
 Architaenioglossa - Viviparidae
 Cerithioidea - Potamididae
Potamides cinctum9 horn snail
Potamides duplex9 horn snail
Potamides funatum9 horn snail
"Potamides margaritaceus" = Mesohalina margaritaceus9 Brocchi 1814 horn snail
 Cerithioidea - Cerithiidae
Cerithium pyrgatum3 cerith snail
 Cerithioidea - Thiaridae
"Melania carinata" = Thiara9, "Melania subulaspira" = Thiara9, "Melania circineta" = Thiara9
"Melania carinata" = Thiara9 snail
"Melania subulaspira" = Thiara9 snail
"Melania circineta" = Thiara9 snail
 Cerithioidea - Melanopsidae
 Heterostropha - Planorbidae
 Stylommatophora - Succineidae
 Neritoidea - Neritidae
Bivalvia
 Cardiida - Cyrenidae
 Cardiida - Dreissenidae
 Lucinida - Lucinidae
"Cyclas exigua" = Lucina (Cyclas)9
"Cyclas exigua" = Lucina (Cyclas)9 clam
 Unionida - Unionidae
Unio solandri9 freshwater mussel
Limnaea
  -