Umm al-Rua’us Formation, Saudi Arabia - Abbass (1972) (Eocene of Saudi Arabia)

Where: Ash Sharqiyah, Saudi Arabia (26.4° N, 50.1° E: paleocoordinates 12.7° N, 41.6° E)

• coordinate based on nearby landmark

• local area-level geographic resolution

When: Umm al-Rua’us Formation, Ypresian (56.0 - 47.8 Ma)

• A real mess! No lithostratigraphic name given, but literature search suggests that similar Ypressian age facies in the Dammam region belong to the Umm al-Rua’us Formation. The biostratigraphy in the manuscript is not clear, but foraminifera suggest a Ypresian age. Other faunal groups have less well constrained age ranges, with a lot of Danian molluscs.

• formation-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: marine; lithified, sideritic, gray, yellow shale and sideritic, gray, yellow marl

• No paleoenvironmental data reported.
• Scattered patches of greyish yellow marls and shales of about 3 to 7 meters high. The beds include strikingly enormous quantities of limonitic biota either embedded or scattered around the outcrops.

Size classes: macrofossils, microfossils

Preservation: cast, original aragonite, original calcite, replaced with limonite

Collection methods: Specimens are deposited at the Faculty of Science Ain Shams, University of Cairo.

Primary reference: H. L. Abbass. 1972. Paleontological studies of some Saudi Arabian lower Tertiary fossils. Egyptian Journal of Geology 16(1):35-68 [A. Miller/A. Hendy/A. Hendy]more details

Purpose of describing collection: general faunal/floral analysis

PaleoDB collection 42459: authorized by Austin Hendy, entered by Austin Hendy on 29.07.2004

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• Representative of faunal groups from this locality.
Echinoidea
  -
Echinoidea indet. Leske 1778 sea urchin
Reptilia
  -
Actinopteri
 Tetraodontiformes - Eotrigonodontidae
Eotrigonodon serratus Gervais 1852
 Pycnodontiformes - Pycnodontidae
Chondrichthyes
 Myliobatiformes - Myliobatidae
Myliobatis sp. Cuvier 1816 eagle ray
 Carcharhiniformes - Galeocerdidae
Galeocerdo latidens Agassiz 1835 tiger shark
 Carcharhiniformes - Hemigaleidae
Hemipristis serra Agassiz 1835 ground shark
 Lamniformes - Otodontidae
Otodus obliquus Agassiz 1838 mackerel shark
 Lamniformes - Lamnidae
Lamna rapax mackerel shark
Lamna libyca mackerel shark
Lamna sp. Cuvier 1816 mackerel shark
"Oxyrhina desori" = Isurus oxyrinchus Rafinesque 1810 mackerel shark
 Heterodontiformes - Heterodontidae
"Sphyrna prisca" = Cestracion prisca
"Sphyrna prisca" = Cestracion prisca Agassiz 1843 bullhead shark
Rhynchonellata
 Terebratulida - Cancellothyrididae
Cephalopoda
 Nautilida - Nautilidae
"Nautilus subfleuriausianus" = Eutrephoceras subfleuriausianum
"Nautilus subfleuriausianus" = Eutrephoceras subfleuriausianum d'Archiac 1850 nautiloid
Gastropoda
 Neritoina - Neritopsidae
Neritopsis faizae Abbass 1972 snail
 Heterostropha - Architectonicidae
 Ptenoglossa - Vasidae
"Euvasum frequens" = Eovasum
"Euvasum frequens" = Eovasum snail
 Cerithioidea - Turritellidae
Mesalia trochoides turret shell
Turritella (Zaria) sp. Gray 1847 turret shell
Turritella (Peyrotia) sp. Cossman 1912 turret shell
 Architaenioglossa - Ampullinidae
 Epitonioidea - Epitoniidae
 Neogastropoda - Fasciolariidae
 Neogastropoda - Melongenidae
 Neogastropoda - Cancellariidae
Cancellaria moharrami Abbass 1972 snail
Spelt: Cacellaria
Cancellaria badrii Abbass 1972 snail
 Neogastropoda - Conidae
"Conolithus acutus" = Conus (Conolithes)
"Conolithus acutus" = Conus (Conolithes) cone shell
 Neogastropoda - Marginellidae
Cryptospira sp. margin shell
 Sorbeoconcha - Strombidae
Rimella quoseibii Abbass 1972 true conch
Terebellum saudiensis Abbass 1972 true conch
 Sorbeoconcha - Rostellariidae
 Sorbeoconcha - Cypraeidae
"Bernaya libyca" = Palaeocypraea (Palaeocypraea) libyca Oppenheim 1906 cowry
Eucypraea ahmadi Abbass 1972 cowry
Bivalvia
 Nuculida - Nuculidae
Nucula sp. Lamarck 1799 nut clam
"Nucula mixta" = Nucula (Nucula) mixta Deshayes 1858 nut clam
Nucula (Nucula) nejdensis Abbass 1972 nut clam
 Mytilida - Mytilidae
Modiolus sp. Lamarck 1801 mussel
 Pectinida - Pectinoidae
Spondylus sp. Linnaeus 1758 scallop
 Ostreida - Ostreidae
Ostrea sp. Linnaeus 1758 oyster
 Arcida - Arcidae
Arca laudunensis Deshayes 1860 ark
Arca obeidi Abbass 1972 ark
 Cardiida - Sportellidae
Sportella yamanii Abbass 1972 clam
 Cardiida - Cardiidae
Cardium sp. Linnaeus 1758 cockle
Cardium khowaiteri Abbass 1972 cockle
 Cardiida - Chamidae
Chama nejdensis Abbass 1972 jewel box
 Cardiida - Veneridae
Meretrix shantii Abbass 1972 venus clam
 Cardiida - Mesodesmatidae
Mesodesma elongata Abbass 1972 clam
 Pholadida - Corbulidae
Corbula (Corbula) khalidi Abbass 1972 clam
Corbula taheri Abbass 1972 clam
 Pholadida - Raetomyidae
Raetomya minuta Abbass 1972 clam
 Lucinida - Thyasiridae
 Lucinida - Lucinidae
"Lucina (Miltha) depressa" = Miltha clam
Lucina (Miltha) inflata Abbass 1972 clam
Lucina (Miltha) decorata Wood 1850 clam
 Carditida - Carditidae
"Cardita pulchra" = Cyclocardia (Arcturellina) pulchra Deshayes 1858 clam
Anthozoa
 Scleractinia - Caryophylliidae
Trochocyathus sp. Milne-Edwards and Haime 1848 stony coral
Paracyathus sp. Edwards and Haime 1848 stony coral
Hexactinellida
 Lychniscosa - Ventriculitidae
Ventriculites arabicus Abbass 1972 glass sponge
Demospongiae
 Megalithistida - Carterellidae
Nematinion saudiensis Abbass 1972 demosponge
Foraminifera
 Nummulitacea - Nummulitidae
 Rotaliacea - Rotaliidae
Trigonodon
  - Trigonodontidae