PBDB Collection

USNM703c, Old Word Ranch, Glass Mountains (Permian of the United States)

Where: Brewster County, Texas (30.4° N, 103.1° W: paleocoordinates 1.1° N, 33.3° W)

• coordinate estimated from map

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Road Canyon Formation, Kungurian (279.3 - 272.3 Ma)

• Lower Road Canyon Formation. Lower part of formation contains conodont Mesogondolella idahoensis lamberti, indicating a Kungurian age according to Henderson & Mei (2003).

• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: slope; black, gray limestone

• Road Canyon Formation records largely slope and basinal deposition.

• Detrital mass of sponges in basal part of dark platy limestone near edge of slope above 703a (basal bioherms). Also includes thin platy spicule-bearing beds on each side of sponge mass.

Size class: macrofossils

Preservation: replaced with silica

Reposited in the USNM

Collection methods: bulk, chemical,

Primary reference: G. A. Cooper and R. E. Grant. 1972. Permian brachiopods of west Texas, I. Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 14:1-231 [D. Bottjer/M. Clapham/M. Clapham]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 43517: authorized by David Bottjer, entered by Matthew Clapham on 14.08.2004

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• A variety of papers list the brachiopods, nearly all gastropods, most bivalves (except primarily Paleotaxodonts), trilobites, chitons, siliceous sponges, rugose corals (only from Gaptank and Asselian/Sakmarian formations).

Show authors, comments, and common names

Craniata
Craniida - Craniidae	Lepidocrania tardispinosa n. gen.⁵ Lepidocrania tardispinosa n. gen.⁵ Cooper and Grant 1974
Strophomenata
Productida - Aulostegidae	Rhamnaria vinnula⁵, Rhamnaria tenuispinosa n. sp.⁵, Edriosteges multispinosus⁵, Xenosteges magnus⁵ Rhamnaria vinnula⁵ Cooper and Grant 1975 Rhamnaria tenuispinosa n. sp.⁵ Cooper and Grant 1975 Edriosteges multispinosus⁵ Muir-Wood and Cooper 1960 Xenosteges magnus⁵ Cooper and Grant 1975
Productida - Paucispiniferidae	Paucispinifera sp.⁵, Paucispinifera sulcata n. sp.⁵, Anemonaria sublaevis⁵ Paucispinifera sp.⁵ Paucispinifera sulcata n. sp.⁵ Cooper and Grant 1975 Anemonaria sublaevis⁵ King 1931
Productida - Productidae	Yakovlevia immatura⁵, "Horridonia texana" = Sowburia texana⁵, Peniculauris costata n. sp.⁵ Yakovlevia immatura⁵ Cooper and Grant 1975 "Horridonia texana" = Sowburia texana⁵ King 1931 Peniculauris costata n. sp.⁵ Cooper and Grant 1975
Productida - Productellidae	Echinauris sp.⁵, Echinauris parva n. sp.⁵, Echinauris irregularis n. sp.⁵, Echinauris bella n. sp.⁵, Echinauris liumbona n. sp.⁵, "Kutorginella sullivanensis" = Retaria sullivanensis⁵, Rugatia incurvata⁵, Rugatia mckeei⁵ Echinauris sp.⁵ Muir-Wood and Cooper 1960 Echinauris parva n. sp.⁵ Cooper and Grant 1975 Echinauris irregularis n. sp.⁵ Cooper and Grant 1975 Echinauris bella n. sp.⁵ Cooper and Grant 1975 Echinauris liumbona n. sp.⁵ Cooper and Grant 1975 "Kutorginella sullivanensis" = Retaria sullivanensis⁵ King 1931 Rugatia incurvata⁵ King 1931 Rugatia mckeei⁵ Cooper and Grant 1975
Productida - Echinoconchidae	Waagenoconcha convexa⁵ Waagenoconcha convexa⁵ Cooper and Grant 1975
Productida - Linoproductidae	Megousia auriculata⁵, Grandaurispina "sp. 1"⁵, Holotricharina hirsuta n. gen. n. sp.⁵ Megousia auriculata⁵ Muir-Wood and Cooper 1960 Grandaurispina "sp. 1"⁵ Muir-Wood and Cooper 1960 Holotricharina hirsuta n. gen. n. sp.⁵ Cooper and Grant 1975
Productida - Cyclacanthariidae	Cyclacantharia paucispinosa n. sp.⁵ Cyclacantharia paucispinosa n. sp.⁵ Cooper and Grant 1975
Productida - Hercosiidae	Hercosestria hystricula⁵, Hercosestria cribrosa n. sp.⁵ Hercosestria hystricula⁵ Hercosestria cribrosa n. sp.⁵ Cooper and Grant 1969
Productida - Lyttoniidae	Collemataria sp. n. gen.⁵ Collemataria sp. n. gen.⁵ Cooper and Grant 1974
Orthotetida - Derbyiidae	Derbyia complicata n. sp.⁵, Derbyia informis n. sp.⁵, Derbyia laqueata n. sp.⁵, Derbyia cincinnata n. sp.⁵ Derbyia complicata n. sp.⁵ Cooper and Grant 1974 Derbyia informis n. sp.⁵ Cooper and Grant 1974 Derbyia laqueata n. sp.⁵ Cooper and Grant 1974 Derbyia cincinnata n. sp.⁵ Cooper and Grant 1974
Orthotetida - Schuchertellidae	Bothrostegium compactum n. gen. n. sp.⁵ Bothrostegium compactum n. gen. n. sp.⁵ Cooper and Grant 1974
Orthotetida - Meekellidae	Niviconia globosa n. gen.⁵, Meekella calathica n. sp.⁵ Niviconia globosa n. gen.⁵ King 1931 Meekella calathica n. sp.⁵ Cooper and Grant 1974
Strophomenida - Rugosochonetidae	Dyoros (Tetragonetes) rectangulatus n. sp.⁵, Dyoros (Tetragonetes) solidus n. sp.⁵, Dyoros (Dyoros) extensus n. sp.⁵, Dyoros (Dyoros) transversus n. sp.⁵, Dyoros (Dyoros) angulatus n. sp.⁵ Dyoros (Tetragonetes) rectangulatus n. sp.⁵ Cooper and Grant 1975 Dyoros (Tetragonetes) solidus n. sp.⁵ Cooper and Grant 1975 Dyoros (Dyoros) extensus n. sp.⁵ Cooper and Grant 1975 Dyoros (Dyoros) transversus n. sp.⁵ Cooper and Grant 1975 Dyoros (Dyoros) angulatus n. sp.⁵ Cooper and Grant 1975
Rhynchonellata
Spiriferida - Elythidae	Neophricadothyris crassibecca n. sp.⁵ Neophricadothyris crassibecca n. sp.⁵ Cooper and Grant 1976
Spiriferida - Trigonotretidae	Neospirifer bakeri⁵ Neospirifer bakeri⁵ King 1931 ssp. bakeri
Spiriferida - Ambocoeliidae	"Crurithyris minutalis n. sp." = Cruricella minutalis⁵ "Crurithyris minutalis n. sp." = Cruricella minutalis⁵ Cooper and Grant 1976
Athyridida - Athyrididae	Composita crassa n. sp.⁵ Composita crassa n. sp.⁵ Cooper and Grant 1976
Athyridida - Neoretziidae	Thedusia mesocostata⁵, Hustedia consuta n. sp.⁵, Hustedia cuneata n. sp.⁵, Hustedia connorsi n. sp.⁵, Hustedia ampullacea n. sp.⁵ Thedusia mesocostata⁵ Cooper and Grant 1976 Hustedia consuta n. sp.⁵ Cooper and Grant 1976 Hustedia cuneata n. sp.⁵ Cooper and Grant 1976 Hustedia connorsi n. sp.⁵ Cooper and Grant 1976 Hustedia ampullacea n. sp.⁵ Cooper and Grant 1976
Spiriferinida - Spiriferellinidae	Spiriferellina tricosa⁵, Metriolepis tegulata n. gen. n. sp.⁵ Spiriferellina tricosa⁵ Cooper and Grant 1976 Metriolepis tegulata n. gen. n. sp.⁵ Cooper and Grant 1976
Spiriferinida - Reticulariinidae	Reticulariina pristina n. sp.⁵ Reticulariina pristina n. sp.⁵ Cooper and Grant 1976
Rhynchonellida - Rhynchoporidae	Rhynchopora hebetata⁵ Rhynchopora hebetata⁵ Cooper and Grant 1976
Rhynchonellida - Stenoscismatidae	Stenoscisma calvatum⁵ Stenoscisma calvatum⁵ Cooper and Grant 1976
Rhynchonellida - Petasmatheridae	Petasmatherus pumilus n. sp.⁵, Ptygmactrum extensum n. sp.⁵ Petasmatherus pumilus n. sp.⁵ Cooper and Grant 1976 Ptygmactrum extensum n. sp.⁵ Cooper and Grant 1976
Rhynchonellida - Pontisiidae	Pontisia stehlii n. sp.⁵ Pontisia stehlii n. sp.⁵ Cooper and Grant 1969 ssp. stehlii (VR) and ssp. tumidosa (VR)
Terebratulida - Notothyrididae	Glossothyropsis superba n. sp.⁵ Glossothyropsis superba n. sp.⁵ Cooper and Grant 1976
Terebratulida - Cryptonellidae	Texarina wordensis⁵ Texarina wordensis⁵ King 1931
Terebratulida - Pseudodielasmatidae	Pseudodielasma sp.⁵ Pseudodielasma sp.⁵ Brill 1940
Terebratulida - Dielasmatidae	Dielasma expansum n. sp.⁵ Dielasma expansum n. sp.⁵ Cooper and Grant 1976
Orthida - Schizophoriidae	Acosarina mesoplatys⁵ Acosarina mesoplatys⁵ King 1931
Gastropoda
Neritoina - Neritopsidae	Byzantia obliqua n. gen.¹¹ Byzantia obliqua n. gen.¹¹ Kosnik 1997 snail
Bellerophontida - Bellerophontidae	"Bellerophon (? Pharkidonotus) sp." = Pharkidonotus²⁰, "Bellerophon (Bellerophon) plummeri" = Waagenella plummeri²⁰, Bellerophon (Bellerophon) kingorum²⁰, Bellerophon (Bellerophon) hilli²⁰, "Bellerophon (Bellerophon) deflectus" = Bellerophon deflectus²⁰, "Knightites (Retispira) modesta" = Retispira modesta²⁰ "Bellerophon (? Pharkidonotus) sp." = Pharkidonotus²⁰ Girty 1912 snail "Bellerophon (Bellerophon) plummeri" = Waagenella plummeri²⁰ Yochelson 1960 snail Bellerophon (Bellerophon) kingorum²⁰ Yochelson 1960 snail Bellerophon (Bellerophon) hilli²⁰ Yochelson 1960 snail "Bellerophon (Bellerophon) deflectus" = Bellerophon deflectus²⁰ Chronic 1952 snail "Knightites (Retispira) modesta" = Retispira modesta²⁰ Girty 1909 snail
Bellerophontida - Euphemitidae	Warthia welleri²⁰, Euphemites crenulatus²⁰, Euphemites exquisitus²⁰, Euphemites imperator²⁰, Euphemites aequisulcatus²⁰ Warthia welleri²⁰ Yochelson 1960 snail Euphemites crenulatus²⁰ Yochelson 1960 snail Euphemites exquisitus²⁰ Yochelson 1960 snail Euphemites imperator²⁰ Yochelson 1960 snail Euphemites aequisulcatus²⁰ Chronic 1952 snail
Murchisoniina - Lophospiridae	"Worthenia multilineata" = Biarmeaspira multilineata², Manzanospira carinata² "Worthenia multilineata" = Biarmeaspira multilineata² Batten 1989 snail Manzanospira carinata² Batten 1989 snail
Murchisoniina - Gosseletinidae	Apachella franciscana², Apachella turbiniformis², Apachella nodosa², Apachella exaggerata², Callistadia bella², Ananias labrectus², Ananias ootomaria², "Glabrocingulum (Glabrocingulum) coronatum" = Glabrocingulum coronatum², Shwedagonia elegans¹, "Glyptotomaria (Glyptotomaria) pistra" = Dictyotomaria pistra¹, Peruvispira delicata² Apachella franciscana² Chronic 1952 snail Apachella turbiniformis² Winters 1963 snail Apachella nodosa² Batten 1989 snail Apachella exaggerata² Batten 1989 snail Callistadia bella² Knight 1945 snail Ananias labrectus² Batten 1989 snail Ananias ootomaria² Batten 1989 snail "Glabrocingulum (Glabrocingulum) coronatum" = Glabrocingulum coronatum² Chronic 1952 snail Shwedagonia elegans¹ Batten 1956 snail "Glyptotomaria (Glyptotomaria) pistra" = Dictyotomaria pistra¹ Batten 1958 snail Peruvispira delicata² Chronic 1949 snail
Murchisoniina - Eotomariidae	"Euconospira pulchra" = Spiroscala quasipulchra¹ "Euconospira pulchra" = Spiroscala quasipulchra¹ Karapunar and Nützel 2022 snail
Murchisoniina - Phymatopleuridae	Worthenia crenulata², Worthenia tabulata², Eirlysia exquisita¹, Tapinotomaria costata¹, Tapinotomaria crassa¹ Worthenia crenulata² Batten 1989 snail Worthenia tabulata² Conrad 1835 snail Eirlysia exquisita¹ Batten 1956 snail Tapinotomaria costata¹ Batten 1958 snail Tapinotomaria crassa¹ Batten 1958 snail
Euomphalina - Anomphalidae	Diploconula biconvexa¹⁹, Anomphalus studiosus¹⁹ Diploconula biconvexa¹⁹ Yochelson 1956 snail Anomphalus studiosus¹⁹ Yochelson 1956 snail
Euomphalina - Pseudophoridae	Sallya linsa¹⁹ Sallya linsa¹⁹ Yochelson 1956 snail
Euomphalina - Euomphalidae	"Straparollus (Euomphalus) kaibabensis" = Euomphalus kaibabensis¹⁹ "Straparollus (Euomphalus) kaibabensis" = Euomphalus kaibabensis¹⁹ Chronic 1952 snail
Trochoidea - Liotiidae	Brochidium morrisi¹⁹ Brochidium morrisi¹⁹ Yochelson 1956 snail
Neritoidea - Naticopsidae	Colpites striata² Colpites striata² Batten 1989 snail
Bivalvia
Myalinida - Myalinidae	Novaculapermia boydi n. gen.¹² Novaculapermia boydi n. gen.¹² McRoberts and Newell 1997 clam
Pectinida - Permanomiidae	Permanomia texana¹³ Permanomia texana¹³ Newell and Boyd 1970 scallop
Pectinida - Aviculopectinidae	Obliquipecten granti¹⁵ Obliquipecten granti¹⁵ Newell and Boyd 1995 scallop
Pectinida - Pseudomonotidae	Pegmavalvula delicata¹³, Prospondylus acinetus¹³ Pegmavalvula delicata¹³ Newell and Boyd 1970 scallop Prospondylus acinetus¹³ Newell and Boyd 1970 scallop
Pectinida - Deltopectinidae	Cyrtorostra varicostata¹⁵ Cyrtorostra varicostata¹⁵ Branson 1930 scallop
Pectinida - Pterinopectinidae	Pterinopectinella spinifera¹⁵ Pterinopectinella spinifera¹⁵ Newell and Boyd 1995 scallop
Pectinida - Annuliconchidae	Annuliconcha dentata¹⁵ Annuliconcha dentata¹⁵ Newell and Boyd 1995 scallop
Pectinida - Heteropectinidae	Girtypecten sublaqueatus¹⁵, Cassianoides kingorum¹⁵ Girtypecten sublaqueatus¹⁵ Girty 1908 scallop Cassianoides kingorum¹⁵ Newell and Boyd 1995 scallop
Pectinida - Hunanopectinidae	Fransonia wyomingensis¹⁵ Fransonia wyomingensis¹⁵ Newell and Boyd 1995 scallop
Pectinida - Streblochondriidae	Streblopteria montpelierensis¹⁵, Eocamptonectes papillatus¹⁵ Streblopteria montpelierensis¹⁵ Girty 1910 scallop Eocamptonectes papillatus¹⁵ Girty 1908 scallop
Pectinida - Euchondriidae	Euchondria cooperi¹⁵ Euchondria cooperi¹⁵ Newell and Boyd 1995 scallop
Pectinida - Entoliidae	Pernopecten yini¹⁵ Pernopecten yini¹⁵ Newell and Boyd 1995 scallop
Ostreida - Pterineidae	Leptodesma (Leptodesma) falcata³ Leptodesma (Leptodesma) falcata³ Boyd and Newell 2001 oyster 3 A, 165 LV, 105 RV
Trigoniida - Costatoriidae	Procostatoria cooperi¹⁴ Procostatoria cooperi¹⁴ Newell and Boyd 1975 clam
Trigoniida - Schizodidae	Kaibabella basilica¹⁴, Eoastarte subcircularis¹⁴, Schizodus canalis¹⁴ Kaibabella basilica¹⁴ Newell and Boyd 1975 clam Eoastarte subcircularis¹⁴ Ciriacks 1963 clam Schizodus canalis¹⁴ Branson 1930 clam
Polyplacophora
-	Polyplacophora indet.¹⁰ Polyplacophora indet.¹⁰ de Blainville 1816 chiton
Neoloricata - Lepidopleuridae	"Pterochiton arthurcooperi" = Schematochiton arthurcooperi¹⁶ "Pterochiton arthurcooperi" = Schematochiton arthurcooperi¹⁶ Smith 1976 chiton 17 Head valves, 95 Intermediate valves, 20 Tail valves
Ostracoda
Leperditellocopida - Scrobiculidae	Roundyella dorsopapillosa n. sp.¹⁸ Roundyella dorsopapillosa n. sp.¹⁸ Sohn 1954 ostracod
Podocopida - Healdiidae	Healdia unispinosa n. sp.⁹, Healdia vidriensis n. sp.⁹ Healdia unispinosa n. sp.⁹ Hamilton 1942 ostracod Healdia vidriensis n. sp.⁹ Hamilton 1942 ostracod
Podocopida - Bythocyprididae	Bythocypris sp.⁹ Bythocypris sp.⁹ Brady 1880 ostracod
Podocopida - Bairdiidae	Bairdia pruniseminata n. sp.¹⁸, Bairdia subfusiformis n. sp.⁹, Bairdia permiana n. sp.⁹, Bairdia rhomboidalis n. sp.⁹, "Bairdia aff. spinosa" = Schyroconcha spinosa¹⁸, "Coryellina indicata n. sp." = Coryellites indicata¹⁸, Ceratobairdia dorsospinosa n. gen. n. sp.¹⁸, "Bairdia wordensis n. sp." = Ceratobairdia wordensis⁹, "Bairdia guadalupiana n. sp." = Orthobairdia guadalupiana⁹ Bairdia pruniseminata n. sp.¹⁸ Sohn 1954 ostracod Bairdia subfusiformis n. sp.⁹ Hamilton 1942 ostracod Bairdia permiana n. sp.⁹ Hamilton 1942 ostracod Bairdia rhomboidalis n. sp.⁹ Hamilton 1942 ostracod "Bairdia aff. spinosa" = Schyroconcha spinosa¹⁸ Cooper 1946 ostracod "Coryellina indicata n. sp." = Coryellites indicata¹⁸ Sohn 1954 ostracod Ceratobairdia dorsospinosa n. gen. n. sp.¹⁸ Sohn 1954 ostracod "Bairdia wordensis n. sp." = Ceratobairdia wordensis⁹ Hamilton 1942 ostracod "Bairdia guadalupiana n. sp." = Orthobairdia guadalupiana⁹ Hamilton 1942 ostracod
Podocopida - Cytheruridae	"Polytylites digitatus n. sp." = Buekkella digitata¹⁸ "Polytylites digitatus n. sp." = Buekkella digitata¹⁸ Sohn 1954 ostracod
Podocopida - Microcheilinellidae	Alveus depressus n. gen. n. sp.⁹ Alveus depressus n. gen. n. sp.⁹ Hamilton 1942 ostracod
Palaeocopida - Kirkbyidae	Kirkbya sp.¹⁸, Aurikirkbya barbarae n. sp.¹⁷, Aurikirkbya auriformis n. sp.¹⁷, "Kirkbya wordensis n. sp." = Aurikirkbya wordensis⁹, Coronakirkbya fimbriata n. gen. n. sp.¹⁸ Kirkbya sp.¹⁸ Jones 1859 ostracod Aurikirkbya barbarae n. sp.¹⁷ Sohn 1950 ostracod Aurikirkbya auriformis n. sp.¹⁷ Sohn 1950 ostracod "Kirkbya wordensis n. sp." = Aurikirkbya wordensis⁹ Hamilton 1942 ostracod Coronakirkbya fimbriata n. gen. n. sp.¹⁸ Sohn 1954 ostracod
Palaeocopida - Knightinidae	? Knightina cuestaforma n. sp.¹⁸, ? Knightina macknighti n. sp.¹⁸ ? Knightina cuestaforma n. sp.¹⁸ ostracod ? Knightina macknighti n. sp.¹⁸ Sohn 1954 ostracod
Palaeocopida - Amphissitidae	Amphissites cf. centronotus¹⁸, Amphissites knighti n. sp.¹⁸ Amphissites cf. centronotus¹⁸ Ulrich and Bassler 1906 ostracod Amphissites knighti n. sp.¹⁸ Sohn 1954 ostracod
Palaeocopida - Kellettinidae	Kindlella fissiloba n. gen. n. sp.¹⁸, Kindlella centrinoda n. sp.¹⁸, Kellettina vidriensis n. sp.⁹ Kindlella fissiloba n. gen. n. sp.¹⁸ Sohn 1954 ostracod Kindlella centrinoda n. sp.¹⁸ Sohn 1954 ostracod Kellettina vidriensis n. sp.⁹ Hamilton 1942 ostracod
Platycopida - Miltonellidae	Sanniolus sigmoides n. gen. n. sp.¹⁸, Miltonella shupei n. gen. n. sp.¹⁷ Sanniolus sigmoides n. gen. n. sp.¹⁸ Sohn 1954 ostracod Miltonella shupei n. gen. n. sp.¹⁷ Sohn 1950 ostracod
Platycopida - Paraparchitidae	Paraparchites marathonensis n. sp.⁹ Paraparchites marathonensis n. sp.⁹ Hamilton 1942 ostracod
Platycopida - Cavellinidae	Cavellina ellipticalis n. sp.⁹ Cavellina ellipticalis n. sp.⁹ Hamilton 1942 ostracod
Trilobita
Proetida - Phillipsiidae	Delaria brevis n. sp.⁴, Delaria granti⁴, Delaria antiqua⁴, Vidria vespa⁴ Delaria brevis n. sp.⁴ Brezinski 1992 trilobite Delaria granti⁴ Brezinski 1992 trilobite Delaria antiqua⁴ Girty 1908 trilobite Vidria vespa⁴ Weller 1944 trilobite
Hexactinellida
Lyssakida -	Lyssakida "indet. sp. 2"⁶, Lyssakida indet.⁶ Lyssakida "indet. sp. 2"⁶ Zittel 1877 glass sponge Lyssakida indet.⁶ Zittel 1877 glass sponge
Reticulosa - Docodermatidae	Acanthocoryna stauroma⁶, Endoplegma calathus⁶, Docoderma rigida⁶, Carphites plectus⁶ Acanthocoryna stauroma⁶ Finks 1960 glass sponge Endoplegma calathus⁶ Finks 1960 glass sponge Docoderma rigida⁶ Finks 1960 glass sponge Carphites plectus⁶ Finks 1960 glass sponge
Reticulosa - Dictyospongiidae	Microstaura doliolum⁶ Microstaura doliolum⁶ Finks 1960 glass sponge
Demospongiae
Lithistida - Anthracosyconidae	? Collatipora pyriformis⁶ ? Collatipora pyriformis⁶ Finks 1960 demosponge
Spirosclerophorida -	"Polysiphonia flabellatum" = Polysiphoneudea⁷ "Polysiphonia flabellatum" = Polysiphoneudea⁷ demosponge
Spirosclerophorida - Haplistiidae	Haplistion aeluroglossa⁶ Haplistion aeluroglossa⁶ Finks 1960 demosponge
Agelasida - Catenispongiidae	Stratispongia cinctuta⁷, Catenispongia agaricus⁷, Ossimimus robustus⁷ Stratispongia cinctuta⁷ Finks 1995 demosponge Catenispongia agaricus⁷ Finks 1995 demosponge Ossimimus robustus⁷ Finks 1995 demosponge
Agelasida - Guadalupiidae	Guadalupia cupulosa n. sp.⁸ Guadalupia cupulosa n. sp.⁸ Finks 2010 demosponge

¹Batten 1958; ²Batten 1989; ³Boyd and Newell 2001; ⁴Brezinski 1992; ⁵Cooper and Grant 1977; ⁶Finks 1960; ⁷Finks 1995; ⁸Finks 2010; ⁹Hamilton 1942; ¹⁰Hoare and Smith 1984; ¹¹Kosnik 1997; ¹²McRoberts and Newell 1997; ¹³Newell and Boyd 1970; ¹⁴Newell and Boyd 1975; ¹⁵Newell and Boyd 1995; ¹⁶Smith 1976; ¹⁷Sohn 1950; ¹⁸Sohn 1954; ¹⁹Yochelson 1956; ²⁰Yochelson 1960