PBDB Collection

Pant 4 (St. Bride's Island) (Jurassic to of the United Kingdom)

Also known as Pant Fissure System 4, Pant Quarry, SS 896 760, SS 896760, St. Brides

Where: Wales, United Kingdom (51.5° N, 3.6° W: paleocoordinates 37.7° N, 1.8° E)

• coordinate estimated from map

• small collection-level geographic resolution

When: Hettangian to Hettangian (201.3 - 190.8 Ma)

• Fissure fills in Late Carboniferous (Dinantian) limestone. Deposits resulting from Liassic transgression over Carboniferous limestones. Kermack, Mussett, and Rigney (1981) note that a Lower Sinemurian age for the Welsh fissures is supported by evidence in David Pacey's unpublished thesis (1978).

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•Whiteside et al. 2016 suggest Pant 4 fauna is likely latest Hettangian-earliest Sinemurian in age

• bed-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: fissure fill; limestone and hematitic, gray, green, red, yellow marl

• Fissures in limestone filled with silt, acting as traps for small animals. Localities lie on a small limestone plateau that formed an island (Robinson, 1971) or archipelago in Jurassic times. Triassic to Jurassic subsidence and a transgression by Tethys Ocean gradually resulted in inundation by Early Jurassic (Sinemurian). Such fissure fills formed in open joints in the limestone and are from 0.3 to 1 m wide.

• The matrix filling of the fissures ranges from soft clay to hard marl and often is rich in hematite grains. Matrix color varies from red to yellow, green and gray, and the bone can be white to dark gray and brown. Typically bone is white and matrix is red. Plant fossils are often preserved as charcoal (fusain) in gray matrix (also in yellow and red).

Size classes: mesofossils, microfossils

Preservation: charcoalification

Collection methods: quarrying, chemical,

Primary reference: S. E. Evans and K. A. Kermack. 1994. Assemblages of small tetrapods from the Early Jurassic of Britain. In the Shadow of the Dinosaurs: Early Mesozoic Tetrapods, N. C. Fraser and H.-D. Sues (eds.), Cambridge University Press 271-283 [R. Whatley/R. Whatley/R. Whatley]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 46137: authorized by Robin Whatley, entered by Robin Whatley on 04.01.2005, edited by Richard Butler, Roger Benson and Matthew Carrano

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• Pant 4 occurrences are reported in Evans and Kermack (1994), but a more detailed study can be found in Pacey (1978) unpublished PhD thesis.

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•Pers. comm. from Susan Evans (1/18/2005): Clevosaurus sp. is present at Pant 4, though not at other Early Jurassic Fissure Fills.

Show authors, comments, and common names

Osteichthyes
Therapsida - Tritylodontidae	Oligokyphus sp.³ Oligokyphus sp.³ Hennig 1922 cynodont
Cynodontia -	Morganucodonta "Group 1"², Morganucodonta "Group 2"² Morganucodonta "Group 1"² Kermack et al. 1973 mammaliaform NHMUK M45922, M45923, M45925, M45926 (upper molariforms) Morganucodonta "Group 2"² Kermack et al. 1973 mammaliaform NHMUK M45929–M45931 (upper molariforms)
Morganucodonta - Morganucodontidae	Morganucodon watsoni Morganucodon watsoni Kuehne 1949 mammaliaform
Morganucodonta -	Bridetherium dorisae n. gen. n. sp.², Paceyodon davidi n. gen. n. sp.² Bridetherium dorisae n. gen. n. sp.² Clemens 2011 mammaliaform NHMUK M45693 (holotype left mesial molariform); Upper mesial molariforms. NHMUK M45712, M45727, M45743, M45848–M45850, M45853–M45857, M45859, M45860, M45862, M45864, M45865, M45868, M45871, M45873, M45876, M45878, M45881, M45883, M45888–M45891, M45896, M45898, M45900, M45907, M45915–M45916, M45932. Upper distal molariforms. NHMUK M45851–M45853, M45858, M45866, M45884, M45887, M45894, M45903, M45908, M45911, M45914, M45919, M45927, M45928. Lower mesial molariforms. NHMUK M45690–45695, M45700– 45702, M45704, M45707, M45710, M45713–M45716, M45718, M45721, M45723, M45727, M45730, M45733–M45735, M45738, M45740, M45742, M45750, M45752, M45754–M45757, M45760, M45762, M45767, M45769, M45772, M45776, M45781, M45784, M45785, M45789, M45791, M45793, M45798, M45800, M45804, M45806, M45809, M45813, M45814, M45817, M45819, M45822, M45826, M45827, M45837, M45839, M45842, M45844–M45846. Lower distal molariforms. NHMUK M45696–M45699, M45703, M45706, M45717, M45720, M45726, M45732, M45736, M45737, M45739, M45741, M45761, M45764, M45771, M45773, M45782, M45783, M45786–M45788, M45790, M45794, M45796, M45797, M45807, M45821, M45823, M45824, M45827, M45828, M45838, M45840, M45841. Paceyodon davidi n. gen. n. sp.² Clemens 2011 mammaliaform NHMUK M45920 (University of London catalog number U567), right lower molariform
Therapsida - Haramiyidae	Thomasia cf. moorei¹ Thomasia cf. moorei¹ Owen 1871 mammaliaform
Therapsida - Kuehneotheriidae	Kuehneotherium praecursoris⁴ Kuehneotherium praecursoris⁴ Kermack et al. 1968 mammaliaform
Reptilia
Archosauria -	Archosauria indet. Archosauria indet. archosaur several different archosaurs (Saila 2005, Whatley pers. com. 2005)
Loricata - Sphenosuchidae	Sphenosuchidae indet.⁴ Sphenosuchidae indet.⁴ Huene 1922 crocodilian
Theropoda -	? Theropoda indet.⁴ ? Theropoda indet.⁴ Marsh 1881 theropod Saila "in prep."
Pterosauria - Rhamphorhynchidae	Rhamphorhynchidae indet.³ Rhamphorhynchidae indet.³ Seeley 1870 pterosaur "Non-serrated archosaurian teeth"
Eosuchia -	Sphenodontia indet.⁴ Sphenodontia indet.⁴ Jaekel 1910 lepidosaur NHMUK R7547, dentary, distinct from Clevosaurus convallis
Eosuchia - Clevosauridae	Clevosaurus convallis n. sp.⁴ Clevosaurus convallis n. sp.⁴ Saila 2005 lepidosaur
Rhynchocephalia -	Gephyrosaurus sp. Gephyrosaurus sp. Evans 1980 rhynchocephalian

¹Clemens 2007; ²Clemens 2011; ³Gill et al. 2006; ⁴Saila 2005