Bugin Tsav I [HMNS-GIN] (Cretaceous of Mongolia)

Also known as Bugin-tsav, northern outcrops of Bugin Tsav; Bügiin Tsav

Where: Omnogov, Mongolia (43.9° N, 100.0° E: paleocoordinates 41.4° N, 89.0° E)

• coordinate stated in text

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Nemegt Formation, Maastrichtian (72.1 - 66.0 Ma)

• bed-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: fine channel fill; siltstone and white sandstone

• prograding meandering fluvial point bars Dr. D. E. Fastovsky (sedimentologist) concluded that there had been at least four river sequences in Bugin Tsav. The second river sequence from the bottom had yielded abundant large dinosaur fossils. It became clear that eggshells with embryonic bones found during the 1993 expedition were from the third river sequence and ornithomimid skeleton found in 1995 was from the fourth river sequence.
• "upper white sandstone bed"

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

• Saurolophus elements show tooth marks from Tarbosaurus

Collected by HMNS-GIN in 1993-1995, 1998, 2006, 2009, 2018

Collection methods: surface (in situ), mechanical,

Primary reference: M. Watabe and D. B. Weishampel. 1994. Results of Hayashibara Museum of Natural Sciences–Institute of Geology, Academy of Sciences of Mongolia Joint Paleontological Expedition to the Gobi Desert in 1993. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 14(3, suppl.):51A [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]more details

Purpose of describing collection: general faunal/floral analysis

PaleoDB collection 55257: authorized by Matthew Carrano, entered by Matthew Carrano on 03.10.2005, edited by Philip Mannion, Roger Benson and Bethany Allen

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

unclassified
  -
Plantae indet.11 Haeckel 1866
"petrified wood", 980729 BgT ISGK
Gastropoda
  -
Gastropoda indet.11 Cuvier 1795 snail
Bivalvia
  -
Bivalvia indet.11 Linnaeus 1758 clam
980729 BgT WTB 11:15, 12:36
Osteichthyes
 Osteichthyes -
Osteichthyes indet.11 Huxley 1880 bony fish
fish bone-bed, 980801 BgT Fish Bed COY
Reptilia
 Testudinata -
Testudinata indet.14 Oppel 1811 turtle
060812 BgT N. Mt. TSGT
 Testudines - Lindholmemydidae
Mongolemys sp.11 Khosatzky and Mlynarski 1971 turtle
concentration bed of turtle fossils
Mongolemys elegans2 Khosatzky and Mlynarski 1971 turtle
940822 BgT GK, 980731 BgT ENKH 12:15, 980801 BgT SZK, 980801 BgT NAR
 Testudines - Trionychidae
Trionyx sp.14 Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1809 softshell turtle
060824 BgT TSI
Trionyx sp.7 Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1809 softshell turtle
carapace and postcrania; 940823 BgT WTB
 Testudinata - Sichuanchelyidae
Mongolochelys efremovi10 Khosatzky 1997 turtle
carapace (1993 expedition); skull (980730 BgT ISGK), 980803 BgT Mongolo. NAR, 980801 BgT WTB, 060823 BgT SZK, 060824 BgT TUI
 Squamata -
 Crocodylia -
Crocodylia indet.14 Owen 1842 crocodilian
 Ornithischia -
Ankylosauria indet.14 Osborn 1923 ankylosaur
cf. Prenocephale sp.3 Maryańska and Osmólska 1974 ornithischian
 Ornithischia - Spheroolithidae
Spheroolithidae indet.11 Zhao 1979 ornithopod
 Ornithischia - Hadrosauridae
Saurolophus sp.13 Brown 1912 hadrosaurine
large skeletons, including a well-preserved skull; field no. 940822-BgT-ORKH-East, 950619 BgT Saurol. A, B, 950620 BgT Saurol. C, 950620-25 BgT Saurol., 960621 BgT Saurol. D, E, 950622 BgT Saurol. F, 950623 BgT Saurol. G, 950625 BgT Saurol. H, I
 Theropoda -
Theropoda indet.11 Marsh 1881 theropod
many fragments of theropod eggshell was found near the base camp (southwest from it) in the middle horizon; 060824 BgT TSI
 Theropoda - Alvarezsauridae
Mononykus sp.14 Perle et al. 1993 coelurosaur
060813 BgT KHTB
 Theropoda - Dromaeosauridae
Dromaeosauridae indet.14 Colbert and Russell 1969 maniraptoran
 Theropoda -
Oviraptorosauria indet.13 Barsbold 1976 maniraptoran
skeleton without skull; 940824 BgT MAT
Avimimus portentosus12 Kurzanov 1981 maniraptoran
060816 BgT KHTB
 Theropoda - Caenagnathidae
"Nomingia sp." = Elmisaurus8, "Elmisaurus rarus" = Elmisaurus rarus5, "Nomingia gobiensis n. gen. n. sp." = Elmisaurus rarus1
"Nomingia sp." = Elmisaurus8 Osmolska 1981 maniraptoran
field no. 940824-BgT-MATS
"Elmisaurus rarus" = Elmisaurus rarus5 Osmolska 1981 maniraptoran
MPC-D 102/113 - collected as float 12 m from main site
"Nomingia gobiensis n. gen. n. sp." = Elmisaurus rarus1 Osmolska 1981 maniraptoran
MPC-D 100/119 - holotype (previously reported as GIN 1001119 and GIN 940824), incomplete postcranial skeleton
 Theropoda - Oviraptoridae
Oksoko avarsan n. gen. n. sp.4
Oksoko avarsan n. gen. n. sp.4 Funston et al. 2020 maniraptoran
small-sized; 980803 BgT NAR
 Theropoda - Dendroolithidae
Dendroolithidae indet.11 Zhao and Li 1988 coelurosaur
 Theropoda - Deinocheiridae
Deinocheirus mirificus6 Kielan-Jaworowska 1969 ornithomimosaur
articulated skeleton; 060823-4 BgT TSGT
 Theropoda - Ornithomimidae
Gallimimus sp.13 Osmólska et al. 1972 ornithomimid
skeleton (pelvic to caudal parts) (1993); Forelimb (1998); field no. 950818-BgT-Gall-I,II, 940824 BgT ENKH, 060823 BgT TUI, 060817 BgT BD
 Theropoda - Tyrannosauridae
Tarbosaurus sp.13 Maleev 1955 tyrannosaurid
complete skeleton of small individual plus other skeletons and fragments of a large skull; field no. 940824-BgT-TSOGT, 940826 BgT OTGN, 950622 BgT Tarbo. A, 950622-25 BgT Tarbo. PJ1-9, 950624 BgT Tarbo. B, 950626 BgT Tarbo. C, 950817 BgT Tarbo. D-F, 980803 BgT NAR, 060812 BgT N. Mt. TBM, 060816 BgT TUI, 060817 BgT MB
 Theropoda - Elongatoolithidae
Elongatoolithus sp.9 Zhao 1975 theropod
 Saurischia -
Sauropoda indet. sauropod
Partial skeletons