Belen and Pajarabobo (Eocene of Peru)

Also known as Belen and Paraja Bobo

Where: Peru (4.7° S, 81.2° W: paleocoordinates 10.9° S, 107.5° W)

• coordinate stated in text

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Cone Hill Formation (Chira Group), Priabonian (38.0 - 33.9 Ma)

• Olsson placed these fossils within the Heath Formation (now considered Early Oligocene - Higley, 2004), but the area is mapped as undivided Chira-Verdun Formations by Palacios (1994). Olsson also described them as the "Cone Hill Facies," which Palacios (1994) considers to be the upper unit of the Chira Formation (p. 42) or the upper formation of the Chira Group (column on p. 19). Palacios (1994) also mentioned Pleurophopsis as indicative of the Cone Hill Formation, after Stainforth (1954). The shales at Pajaro Bobo were also called the "Pajaro Bobo Formation" by Wiedey & Frizzell (1940) and considered to be equivalent to the Heath Formation; however, Cushman & Stone (1947) restudied the foraminiferal fauna and determined a late Eocene age. The Chira contains diatoms indicative of a latest Eocene age (Marty et al., 1988; Koizumi, 1992), regional Upper Eocene planktonic foraminifera as Hantkenina primitiva, Globigerina mexicana, Globigerina topilensis, and Guembelina venezuelana (Weiss, 1955) including in the Cone Hill Formation (Eames et al., 1962), and radiolarians of the C. azyx (RP17) or C. bandyca (RP18) zones (Marty, 1989) - all of which indicate a Priabonian age.

• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: deep-water; lithified, yellow limestone and calcareous shale

• According to Kiel et al. (2019): Represents a cold seep deposit. The water depth at which these carbonates and their faunas were deposited is difficult to constrain. The faunal communities are dominated by chemosymbiotic bivalves and other taxa that are restricted to vent and seep sites. Observations on modern seep faunas indicate that such a high degree of endemism develops only below water depth of about 200 to 400 meters. Also fossil seep communities ranging back at least to the Jurassic (and probably longer) are known to show this restriction to deeper water. Hence it is reasonable to assume a depositional depth at the outer shelf to slope below 200 m for the seep deposits in the Talara Basin.
• Black or gray shales, usually limy and often contain wide belts of thin-bedded, yellow limestones. Fossils occur in limy beds but are usually rare. Shark teeth and vertebrae more common, and several large skeletons of toothed whales, the bones completely replaced by gypsum, have been found.

Size class: macrofossils

Primary reference: A. A. Olsson. 1931. Contributions to the Tertiary Paleontology of Northern Peru: Part 4, The Peruvian Oligocene. Bulletins of American Paleontology 17(63) [L. Ivany/L. Ivany]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 58685: authorized by Mark Uhen, entered by Mark Uhen on 20.02.2006, edited by Linda Ivany

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Mammalia
 Placentalia -
Cetacea indet. Brisson 1762 whale
Cephalopoda
 Nautilida - Aturiidae
Aturia peruviana Olsson 1928 nautiloid
Aturia alabamensis var. peruviana
Gastropoda
 Neritoidea - Neritidae
Nerita sp. Linnaeus 1758 snail
 Neogastropoda - Buccinidae
? Austrofusus belenensis n. sp. true whelk
? Siphonalia tessaria n. sp. Olsson 1931 true whelk
? Siphonalia belenensis n. sp. Olsson 1931 true whelk
Bivalvia
 Nuculida - Nuculidae
Nucula (Nucula) paboensis n. sp. Olsson 1931 nut clam
Acila piura n. sp. divaricate nutclam
Acila paita n. sp. Olsson 1931 divaricate nutclam
 Solemyida - Solemyidae
Solemya (Acharax) belenensis n. sp. Olsson 1931 Awning Clam
 Cardiida - Vesicomyidae
Vesicomya tscudi n. sp. clam
Vesicomya ramondi n. sp. Olsson 1931 clam
Pleurophopsis lithophagoides n. sp. Olsson 1931 clam
Pleurophopsis peruviana n. sp. Olsson 1931 clam
 Lucinida - Thyasiridae
Thyasira tessaria n. sp. Olsson 1931 clam
 Lucinida - Lucinidae
? Myrtaea cookei n. sp. Olsson 1931 clam