Where: Para, Brazil (0.8° S, 47.1° W: paleocoordinates 0.8° S, 43.0° W)
• coordinate based on nearby landmark
• outcrop-level geographic resolution
When: Pirabas Formation, Early/Lower Miocene (23.0 - 16.0 Ma)
• Horizontal beds of limestone near sea level. Closely associated with faunas of the Gatun, Bowden, and the Gurabo and Cercado Fm, but containing Orthaulax, which is not recorded in beds younger than the Chipola Fm of Florida, older than the above units. It is also present in the Baitoa Fm of the Dominican Republic. Maury (1924) therefore considered the fauna to be of Early Miocene age. Also shows close affinities to the Aquitanian srafe of France. Maury correlates this unit to the Chipola Fm of Florida and the Aquitanian of France. This was the lowest unit yet identified in the Neogene of Brazil.
• bed-level stratigraphic resolution
Environment/lithology: shallow subtidal; lithified, shelly/skeletal, gray limestone and lithified, sideritic, shelly/skeletal, brown limestone
Size class: macrofossils
Preservation: cast, mold/impression
Collection methods: quarrying,
• Artificial casts of the external molds were made. Collected by F. de Carvalho for G. de Campos of the Brazil Geological Survey. Types are reposited at the Museum of the Brazil Geological Survey.
Primary reference: C. J. Maury. 1924. Fosseis Terciarios Do Brazil. Servico Geologico E Mineralogico Do Brazil Monographia 49 [A. Miller/A. Hendy/P. Wagner]more details
Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis
PaleoDB collection 60979: authorized by Austin Hendy, entered by Austin Hendy on 28.05.2006
Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)
Taxonomic list
Gymnolaemata | |
Cupularia canariensis Busk 1859 | |
Bivalvia | |
"Scapharca crandalli n. sp." = Scapharca (Cunearca) crandalli, "Scapharca melloi n. sp." = Scapharca (Cunearca) melloi, "Scapharca henekeni" = Anadara (Sectiarca) henekeni, "Scapharca inaequilateralis" = Anadara (Sectiarca) inaequilateralis, Scapharca textilicostata, Scapharca paraensis, Scapharca pertenuicostata n. sp., Scapharca "sp. 1", Scapharca "sp. 2", Scapharca "sp. 3", Scapharca "sp. 4", Scapharca pinguescens n. sp., Scapharca vanwinkleae n. sp., Scapharca crashleyi n. sp.
"Scapharca crandalli n. sp." = Scapharca (Cunearca) crandalli Maury 1924 ark Resembles: S. corcupidonis, S. hispaniolana, and S. riocanensis
"Scapharca melloi n. sp." = Scapharca (Cunearca) melloi Maury 1924 ark Resembles: A. transversa, A. improcera, and A. caimitica (Dom. Rep.)
"Scapharca henekeni" = Anadara (Sectiarca) henekeni Maury 1917 ark Resembles: S. hypomela, S. lienosa, S. secticosta, and S. halidonta
"Scapharca inaequilateralis" = Anadara (Sectiarca) inaequilateralis Maury 1917 ark Resembles: A. gatunensis (Gatun)
Scapharca "sp. 1" Gray 1847 clam
Scapharca "sp. 2" Gray 1847 clam
Scapharca "sp. 4" Gray 1847 clam Resembles: S. staminata (Olig., FL), S. chiriquiensis, and S. anguillana (Ant., Olig.)
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Glycymeris bineminis, Glycymeris linda n. sp., Glycymeris baumanni n. sp., Glycymeris naiadis n. sp., Glycymeris crashleyi n. sp., Glycymeris eumita n. sp.
Glycymeris bineminis clam
Glycymeris linda n. sp. Maury 1924 clam
Glycymeris baumanni n. sp. Maury 1924 clam
Glycymeris crashleyi n. sp. Maury 1924 clam
Glycymeris eumita n. sp. Maury 1924 clam | |
"Ostrea glucumarides n. sp." = Cubitostrea glucumarides Maury 1924 oyster
Ostrea distans oyster
Ostrea procyonis Maury 1924 oyster | |
Pteria serini n. sp.
Pteria serini n. sp. pearl oyster | |
Spondylus pinguisculus, "Pecten thalerus n. sp." = Chlamys (Chlamys) thalerus, "Pecten indissolubilis n. sp." = Chlamys (Chlamys) indissolubilis, "Pecten callimorphus n. sp." = Chlamys (Chlamys) callimorphus, Pecten daudeleus n. sp., Pecten grapteus n. sp., Pecten thaumastus n. sp.
Spondylus pinguisculus scallop
"Pecten thalerus n. sp." = Chlamys (Chlamys) thalerus Maury 1924 scallop
"Pecten indissolubilis n. sp." = Chlamys (Chlamys) indissolubilis Maury 1924 scallop
"Pecten callimorphus n. sp." = Chlamys (Chlamys) callimorphus Maury 1924 scallop
Pecten daudeleus n. sp. scallop
Pecten grapteus n. sp. Maury 1924 scallop
Pecten thaumastus n. sp. Maury 1924 scallop | |
Plicatula flabellifera n. sp.
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Anomia simplex d'Orbigny 1845 jingle | |
Cardita (Carditamera) manteia n. sp., Venericardia perumbonata, Venericardia thaleia n. sp., Venericardia pseudowilmotii n. sp., Venericardia perimetra n. sp., Venericardia isaurae n. sp., Venericardia philotima n. sp.
Venericardia thaleia n. sp. Maury 1924 clam
Venericardia isaurae n. sp. Maury 1924 clam | |
Solen (Solena) obliquus Spengler 1794 clam | |
Corbula delgada n. sp., Corbula giga n. sp., Corbula pauciornata n. sp., Corbula querida n. sp., Corbula mimosa n. sp., Corbula sp.
Corbula pauciornata n. sp. clam
Corbula sp. Bruguière 1789 clam | |
"Cardium (Trachycardium) paraense" = Trachycardium, "Cardium (Trachycardium) sp." = Trachycardium, "Cardium (Trachycardium) thalassium n. sp." = Agnocardia thalassium, "Cardium (Trachycardium) pessoae n. sp." = Agnocardia pessoae, Cardium (Trachycardium) philotarium n. sp., "Cardium (Trigoniocardium) cordeliae n. sp." = Trigoniocardia cordeliae, "Cardium (Nemocardium) indistinctum" = Nemocardium, "Cardium (Fragum) proavitum" = Fragum, "Cardium (Laevicardium) serratum" = Laevicardium serratum
"Cardium (Trachycardium) paraense" = Trachycardium cockle
"Cardium (Trachycardium) sp." = Trachycardium Mörch 1853 cockle Resembles: C. muricatum [Trachycardium]
"Cardium (Trachycardium) thalassium n. sp." = Agnocardia thalassium Maury 1925 cockle Resembles C. paraense
"Cardium (Trachycardium) pessoae n. sp." = Agnocardia pessoae Maury 1925 cockle
Cardium (Trachycardium) philotarium n. sp. Maury 1924 cockle
"Cardium (Trigoniocardium) cordeliae n. sp." = Trigoniocardia cordeliae Maury 1924 cockle
"Cardium (Fragum) proavitum" = Fragum cockle
"Cardium (Laevicardium) serratum" = Laevicardium serratum Linnaeus 1758 cockle | |
Tagelus whitei n. sp.
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Semele ferreirae n. sp.
Semele ferreirae n. sp. clam | |
Macoma (Psammacoma) riopirabica n. sp. Maury 1924 tellin clam Resembles: M. holmesii (Mio., NC), and M. brevifrons (Rec.)
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"Pitaria (Lamelliconcha) perarcana n. sp." = Lamelliconcha, "Pitaria (Lamelliconcha) baumanni n. sp." = Lamelliconcha, "Callocardia (Agriopoma) euglypta n. sp." = Pitar (Pitar) euglyptus, "Macrocallista (Paradione) pirabica n. sp." = Pitar (Paradione), Callocardia recondita n. sp., Callocardia (Agriopoma) obscurata, Callocardia (Agriopoma) hartti n. sp., "Macrocallista (Paradione) maculata" = Macrocallista maculata, ? Chione cordeliae n. sp., Chione (Chione) paraensis, Chione (Chione) thalassopora n. sp., Antigona (Ventricola) thalestris n. sp., Antigona (Ventricola) sanctaenoctis n. sp., "Dosinia (Dosinidia) brasiliensis" = Dosinia (Dosinia) delicatissima, "Chione (Lirophora) praepaphia n. sp." = Lirophora, "Chione (Lirophora) penthesileae n. sp." = Lirophora, "Chione (Chione) agraria" = Chione (Lirophora) agraria, Venus prototypa
"Callocardia (Agriopoma) euglypta n. sp." = Pitar (Pitar) euglyptus Maury 1925 venus clam Affinities with: C. trigonata (Eoc., AL), and C. hatchetigbeensis, bastropensis and winnensis
"Macrocallista (Paradione) pirabica n. sp." = Pitar (Paradione) venus clam
Callocardia recondita n. sp. venus clam
Callocardia (Agriopoma) hartti n. sp. venus clam
"Macrocallista (Paradione) maculata" = Macrocallista maculata Linnaeus 1758 venus clam
Chione (Chione) paraensis White 1887 venus clam Resembles: C. cortinaria, C. cribraria, C. intapurpurea, C. pubera and C. woodwardi
Antigona (Ventricola) thalestris n. sp. venus clam Includes subspecies: A. thalestris amazoniana;resembles: A. (V.) rugatina, and A. blandiana
"Dosinia (Dosinidia) brasiliensis" = Dosinia (Dosinia) delicatissima Brown and Pilsbry 1913 venus clam Resembles: D. chipolana
"Chione (Lirophora) praepaphia n. sp." = Lirophora venus clam Resembles: C. (L.) glyptocyma, burnsii, hendersoni, and paphia
"Chione (Chione) agraria" = Chione (Lirophora) agraria White 1887 venus clam | |
Echinochama praearcinella n. sp., Echinochama pristina n. sp., Chama pannicularia, Chama eudeiela n. sp., Chama sp., Chama callipona n. sp.
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Mactra defossa n. sp.
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Phacoides (Lucinisca) thalassogonus n. sp., Phacoides (Here) eudaidalus n. sp., "Phacoides (Lucinisca) luciniolae n. sp." = Lucina (Lucinisca), "Phacoides (Lucinisca) fluctivagus n. sp." = Lucina (Lucinisca) fluctivaga, Lucina querida n. sp., "Phacoides (Here) glomeramen n. sp." = Linga (Linga) glomeramen
Phacoides (Lucinisca) thalassogonus n. sp. Maury 1924 clam
"Phacoides (Lucinisca) luciniolae n. sp." = Lucina (Lucinisca) clam Resembles: L. calhounensis (Olig., FL) and L. hoveyi
"Phacoides (Lucinisca) fluctivagus n. sp." = Lucina (Lucinisca) fluctivaga Maury 1924 clam Resembles: L. nassula
"Phacoides (Here) glomeramen n. sp." = Linga (Linga) glomeramen Maury 1924 clam Resembles: P. (L.) podagrinus
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Gastropoda | |
Amauropsis nativitatis n. sp., "Natica (Stigmaulax) sulcata" = Stigmaulax sulcata, Natica eurydice, Lunatia modica, Lunatia lunulata
Amauropsis nativitatis n. sp. moon snail
"Natica (Stigmaulax) sulcata" = Stigmaulax sulcata Born 1778 moon snail Includes: N. (S.) sulcata paraensis and sulcata cerux
Lunatia modica moon snail
Lunatia lunulata moon snail | |
Phalium paraensis n. sp., Sconsia felix n. sp.
Sconsia felix n. sp. Maury 1934 snail | |
"Simpulum infelix n. sp." = Monoplex infelix, "Murex williamsi n. sp." = Monoplex williamsi, "Simpulum chlorostomoides n. sp." = Monoplex chlorostomoides
"Simpulum infelix n. sp." = Monoplex infelix Maury 1924 triton shell Resembles: S. antillarum cercadicum (Dom. Rep.)
"Murex williamsi n. sp." = Monoplex williamsi Maury 1910 triton shell
"Simpulum chlorostomoides n. sp." = Monoplex chlorostomoides Maury 1924 triton shell Resembles: S. chlorostomum (Rec.)
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"Pyrula paraensis n. sp." = Ficus paraensis
"Pyrula paraensis n. sp." = Ficus paraensis White 1887 fig shell Resembles: P. papyratia, and P. reticulata
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Cypraea pennae White 1887 cowry | |
"Strombus cf. aldrichi" = Persististrombus aldrichi, "Strombus cf. gigas" = Lobatus gigas
"Strombus cf. aldrichi" = Persististrombus aldrichi Dall 1890 true conch Resembles: S. bifrons (Dom. Rep., Jam.)
"Strombus cf. gigas" = Lobatus gigas Linnaeus 1758 true conch | |
Orthaulax brasiliensis n. sp.
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Amalda (Amalda) branneri n. sp.
Amalda (Amalda) branneri n. sp. snail Resembles: A. cingulata (Aust.), A. tankerville, and A. shepardi (Tampa)
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Olivella paraensis n. sp., Olivella subperdita n. sp., Olivella calcis n. sp., Ancilla (Sparella) mutila, Oliva paraensis n. sp., Oliva pirabica n. sp.
Oliva paraensis n. sp. olive snail
Oliva pirabica n. sp. olive snail Resembles: O. liodes (Chipola), O. gatunensis, O. brevispina, and O. giraudi
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Drillia crandalli n. sp. snail
"Drillia consors" = Hindsiclava consors Sowerby 1850 snail Includes subspecies: D. consors pennae; resembles: D. militaris, D. alesiodata.
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"Pleurotoma barretti" = Polystira barretti1 Guppy 1866 turrid Subspecies: T. albida paraensis; in the pool of subspecies including: virgo, tellea, antillarum, haitensis, and barretti
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Terebra denotans n. sp., Terebra peramabilis n. sp., Terebra paraensis n. sp., "Terebra clethra n. sp." = Strioterebrum clethra
"Terebra clethra n. sp." = Strioterebrum clethra Maury 1925 auger snail | |
Conus whitei n. sp. cone shell
Conus longesperatus n. sp. cone shell
Conus sp. Linnaeus 1758 cone shell | |
Vasum cf. haitensis, "Xancus gratus n. sp." = Turbinella gratus, "Xancus brasilianus n. sp." = Turbinella brasilianus, "Xancus sp." = Turbinella
Vasum cf. haitensis Sowerby 1850 snail
"Xancus gratus n. sp." = Turbinella gratus Maury 1934 snail
"Xancus brasilianus n. sp." = Turbinella brasilianus Maury 1934 snail Resembles: X. validus, X. wilsoni, and X. scolymus
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Fasciolaria restituta n. sp.
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"Alectrion praetrivittata n. sp." = Nassarius (Alectrion), "Alectrion priraboca n. sp." = Nassarius (Alectrion), Fusus doris, Fusus soperi n. sp., Fusus baumanni n. sp.
"Alectrion praetrivittata n. sp." = Nassarius (Alectrion) snail Resembles: A. trivittata (Rec.) and A. trivittatoides
"Alectrion priraboca n. sp." = Nassarius (Alectrion) snail
Fusus doris snail
Fusus soperi n. sp. snail | |
Siphonalia harrisi n. sp., Tritonidea amazonica n. sp., Tritonidea arcana n. sp., "Phos fictilis n. sp." = Antillophos fictilis, Colubraria paraensis n. sp.
Siphonalia harrisi n. sp. true whelk
Tritonidea amazonica n. sp. true whelk
Tritonidea arcana n. sp. true whelk
"Phos fictilis n. sp." = Antillophos fictilis Maury 1934 true whelk Resembles: P. fasciolatus (Mio., Antilles)
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Melongena sp. Schumacher 1817 snail | |
Lyria musicinoides n. sp., "Lyria calligona n. sp." = Voluta calligona
"Lyria calligona n. sp." = Voluta calligona Maury 1934 volute | |
Marginella truncata, Marginella acuta, Marginella multiplicata, Marginella crassiplicata, Marginella pirabica n. sp., Marginella paraensis n. sp., Marginella perlatens n. sp.
Marginella truncata margin shell
Marginella acuta margin shell
Marginella multiplicata margin shell
Marginella crassiplicata margin shell
Marginella perlatens n. sp. margin shell | |
"Trophon (Boreotrophon) tropica n. sp." = Boreotrophon, "Murex messorius" = Vokesimurex messorius, "Murex toreia n. sp." = Murex (Murex) toreia, "Murex pennae n. sp." = Murex (Haustellum) pennae, "Murex cf. yaquensis" = Chicoreus (Siratus) yaquensis, "Murex brevifrons" = Chicoreus (Chicoreus) brevifrons
"Trophon (Boreotrophon) tropica n. sp." = Boreotrophon murex snail Resembles: T. lacineatus, and T. lacunellus
"Murex messorius" = Vokesimurex messorius Sowerby 1841 murex snail
"Murex toreia n. sp." = Murex (Murex) toreia Maury 1925 murex snail
"Murex pennae n. sp." = Murex (Haustellum) pennae Maury 1934 murex snail Similar form to M. messorius
"Murex cf. yaquensis" = Chicoreus (Siratus) yaquensis Maury 1917 murex snail
"Murex brevifrons" = Chicoreus (Chicoreus) brevifrons Lamarck 1822 murex snail | |
Morum harrisi n. sp.
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Cancellaria hartti n. sp., Cancellaria pirabensis n. sp., Cancellaria euclethra n. sp., Cancellaria praeindentata n. sp., Cancellaria subtilicancellata n. sp.
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Serpulorbis amazoniana n. sp., Serpulorbis corticescupturata n. sp., "Vermetus (? Petaloconchus) subvarians n. sp." = Petaloconchus
Serpulorbis corticescupturata n. sp. worm shell | |
"Calyptraea cf. aperta" = Calyptraea (Trochita) aperta, Crucibulum faustum, Calyptraea cf. centralis
"Calyptraea cf. aperta" = Calyptraea (Trochita) aperta Solander 1766 slipper shell
Crucibulum faustum slipper shell
Calyptraea cf. centralis Conrad 1841 slipper shell | |
Cerithium pirabicum n. sp., Cerithium pachecoi n. sp., Cerithium gonzagae n. sp., Cerithium leei n. sp., Cerithium calcivelatum n. sp., "Clava williamsi n. sp." = Rhinoclavis
Cerithium pachecoi n. sp. cerith snail
Cerithium leei n. sp. cerith snail
Cerithium calcivelatum n. sp. cerith snail | |
Turritella altiliroides n. sp., Turritella callizona n. sp., Turritella pirabica n. sp., Turritella meunieri n. sp., Turritella paraensis n. sp., Mesalia rathburni n. sp.
Turritella altiliroides n. sp. turret shell Resembles: T. altilirata (Gatun), T, tornata (Ven.), and T. perattenuata (FL)
Turritella pirabica n. sp. turret shell
Mesalia rathburni n. sp. turret shell | |
Umbraculum derbyi n. sp.
Umbraculum derbyi n. sp. snail | |
Retusa (Cylichnina) arcana n. sp.
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Scaphander paraensis n. sp.
Scaphander paraensis n. sp. snail | |
"Solarium intraornatum" = Architectonica nobilis, "Solarium granulatum" = Architectonica nobilis
"Solarium granulatum" = Architectonica nobilis Röding 1798 sundial | |
"Fissuridea immortalis" = Diodora immortalis, "Fissuridea derbyi n. sp." = Diodora derbyi
"Fissuridea immortalis" = Diodora immortalis Maury 1924 snail | |
Astraea sp. Röding 1798 snail | |
Calliostoma cirrus, Calliostoma pirabicum n. sp., Calliostoma (Eutrochus) derbyi n. sp., Calliostoma (Eutrochus) decamposi n. sp., Calliostoma retectum
Calliostoma cirrus White 1887 top snail
Calliostoma pirabicum n. sp. Maury 1924 top snail
Calliostoma (Eutrochus) derbyi n. sp. Maury 1924 top snail
Calliostoma (Eutrochus) decamposi n. sp. Maury 1924 top snail
Calliostoma retectum Maury 1924 top snail |