Russel Branch, sample 1 (RB1), St. Marys (Ordovician of the United States)

Also known as Was: Russel Branch, sample 1 (RB1), Waynesville Formation, St. Marys, IN

Where: Indiana (39.4° N, 85.1° W: paleocoordinates 25.3° S, 58.5° W)

• coordinate estimated from map

• hand sample-level geographic resolution

When: Aphelognathus grandis conodont zone, Waynesville Formation, Richmondian (449.6 - 445.5 Ma)

• Middle Richmondian age. Sample #1 collected. Details on stratigraphy and sedimentation (lithology), and additional details of gastropod and bivalve fauna are included from Novack-Gottshall and Miller (2003) [PBDB reference #18186] and field notes.

• bed-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: offshore shelf; lithified, burrowed, pyritic, shelly/skeletal claystone and lithified, shelly/skeletal wackestone

• Sequence C5 (from Holland and Patzkowsky, 1996)
• Massive, approximately 10-cm-thick, thick-bedded, massive claystone ("butter shales") with occasional pyritized burrows (Chondrites, subvertically-oriented with respect to the sediment layer). Claystones predominate section, with only 4 to 5, 1-cm-thick wackestone/packstone beds for every 50 cm of section.

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils, microfossils

Preservation: cast, mold/impression, adpression, trace, recrystallized, coalified, original calcite, original phosphate, original chitin, original carbon, replaced with calcite, replaced with pyrite

Collection methods: bulk, mechanical,

• Bulk collection made in field and weighed, cleaned, prepped, and identified in lab at University of Cincinnati. Sample weighed 3.744 Kg. 117 specimens counted; 57 individuals estimated (using half of total disarticulated specimens with two parts plus number of articulated/intact specimens). Trepostome bryozoans and fragmented trilobites were counted as estimated percent cover using standard percent cover reference chart.

Primary reference: P. M. Novack-Gottshall. 1999. Comparative geographic and environmental diversity dynamics of gastropods and bivalves during the Ordovician Radiation (M.S. thesis, University of Cincinnati). 1-191 [P. Novack-Gottshall/P. Novack-Gottshall/P. Novack-Gottshall]more details

Purpose of describing collection: paleoecologic analysis

PaleoDB collection 64170: authorized by Phil Novack-Gottshall, entered by Phil Novack-Gottshall on 03.09.2006

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• Representative samples (standards) of species used for taxonomic identification reference are stored at the University of Cincinnati. Many unidentifiable bivalves are not included in taxonomic list.
unclassified
  -
Scolecodonta indet.
1 scolecodont fragment
Lingulata
 Lingulida - Pseudolingulidae
Pseudolingula sp. Mickwitz 1909
9 valves, original biomineralization, some articulated and in life position
Lophophorata
 Tentaculitida - Tentaculitidae
Tentaculites sterlingensis
1 specimen, loose (unattached)
Stenolaemata
 Trepostomata - Halloporidae
Halloporidae indet. Bassler 1911
Smooth, thick, branching bryozoan colonies, fragmented
Gastropoda
 Bellerophontida - Bucaniidae
Phragmolites sp. Conrad 1838 snail
1 shell
Bivalvia
  -
Bivalvia indet. Linnaeus 1758 clam
Common, unidentifiable bivalves, probably several species, including those listed above
 Myalinida - Ambonychiidae
Ambonychia sp. Hall 1847 clam
4 disarticulated valves, external molds
Opisthoptera casei Meek and Worthen 1866 clam
3 external molds
 Cardiidia - Grammysiidae
Cuneamya miamiensis Hall and Whitfield 1875 clam
1 composite mold
 Modiomorphida - Modiomorphidae
Modiolopsis modiolaris Conrad 1838 clam
20 valves total, mostly articulated external molds with carbonized periostracum
Cymatonota recta Ulrich 1893 clam
5 articulated internal molds
Pholadomorpha pholadiformis Hall 1851 clam
2 external molds
 Actinodontida - Cycloconchidae
Cycloconcha milleri clam
3 valves
Trilobita
  -
Trilobita indet. Walch 1771 trilobite
8 cephala, fragmented; preservation (especially brownish coloration) is similar to that of Isotelus in these rocks
 Phacopida - Calymenidae
Flexicalymene meeki Foerste 1910 trilobite
16 disarticulated cephala and cranidia, 10 bodies (missing cephala), 4, pygidia, 1 eyeplate
 Asaphida - Asaphidae
Isotelus maximus Locke 1838 trilobite
Fragmented trilobites, recrystallized, plus 2 genal spines; probably only 1-2 individuals of this species represented in sample
Scyphozoa
 Conulariida - Conulariidae
Conularia formosa jellyfish
Intact, attached specimen