PBDB Collection

Waterloo Farm (Devonian of South Africa)

Also known as Grahamstown

Where: Eastern Cape, South Africa (33.3° S, 26.5° E: paleocoordinates 75.7° S, 169.9° E)

• coordinate based on nearby landmark

• hand sample-level geographic resolution

When: Witpoort Formation (Witteberg Group), Famennian (372.2 - 358.9 Ma)

• bed-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: lagoonal; black shale and sandstone

• "low energy embayment of a coastal estuarine lagoon" "the overlying water column in this part of the lagoon was generally oxygenated enough to support an active ecosystem"

• "The Witpoort Formation of the Witteberg Group (fig. 6.1) consists of mature quartz arenites, interpreted as having been deposited along a linear, sandy coastline (Hiller and Taylor, 1992). Occasional thin black shale horizons occur at intervals through the Witpoort Formation (Theron, 1992)." (Gess 2011)

Size class: macrofossils

Preservation: adpression, soft parts

Collection methods: quarrying,

Primary reference: R. W. Gess and K. M. Trinajstic. 2017. New morphological information on, and species of placoderm fish Africanaspis (Arthrodira, Placodermi) from the Late Devonian of South Africa. 12(4) [M. Uhen/H. Ali]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 68049: authorized by John Alroy, entered by John Alroy on 29.12.2006, edited by Matthew Clapham, Pete Wagner and Sophie Fasey

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Show authors, comments, and common names

unclassified
-	cf. Gyracacanthides sp.¹ cf. Gyracacanthides sp.¹ Spines
Arachnida
Scorpiones -	Gondwanascorpio emzantsiensis n. gen. n. sp.² Gondwanascorpio emzantsiensis n. gen. n. sp.² Gess 2013 scorpion AM5700, 5701
Chondrichthyes
-	Plesioselachus macracanthus¹ Plesioselachus macracanthus¹ Anderson 1990 cartilaginous fish AM4817, AM 4866
Antarctilamniformes - Antarctilamnidae	Antarctilamna ultima¹ Antarctilamna ultima¹ Gess and Coates 2015 elasmobranch AM5743, AM5744, AM5741
Diplacanthiformes - Diplacanthidae	Diplacanthidae indet.¹, Diplacanthus acus¹ Diplacanthidae indet.¹ Woodward 1891 spiny fish AM5820 Diplacanthus acus¹ spiny fish
Acanthodiformes - Acanthodidae	Acanthodidae indet.¹ Acanthodidae indet.¹ Huxley 1861 spiny fish AM5824
Placodermi
Antiarcha - Bothriolepidae	Bothriolepis africana¹ Bothriolepis africana¹ armour-plated fish
Ptyctodontida -	Ptyctodontida indet.¹ Ptyctodontida indet.¹ Gross 1932 armour-plated fish Median ventral plates
Arthrodira -	Africanaspis doryssa¹, Africanaspis "species 2"¹ Africanaspis doryssa¹ armour-plated fish Africanaspis "species 2"¹ Long et al. 1997 armour-plated fish
Arthrodira - Phlyctaeniidae	Phlyctaeniidae "indeterminate 1"¹, Phlyctaeniidae "indeterminate 2"¹ Phlyctaeniidae "indeterminate 1"¹ Fowler 1947 armour-plated fish Carapaces and isolated spinal plates: AM4908 , AM4867, AM4907 Phlyctaeniidae "indeterminate 2"¹ Fowler 1947 armour-plated fish Carapaces and spinal plates
Arthrodira - Groenlandaspididae	Groenlandaspis riniensis¹ Groenlandaspis riniensis¹ Long et al. 1997 armour-plated fish AM5900, AM6582,
Osteichthyes
Sarcopterygii -	Sarcopterygii indet.¹ Sarcopterygii indet.¹ lobe-finned fish
Osteolepiformes -	Osteolepiformes indet.¹ Osteolepiformes indet.¹ Berg 1937 lobe-finned fish Cleithrum
Osteolepiformes - Tristichopteridae	cf. Hyneria sp.¹ cf. Hyneria sp.¹ Thompson 1968 lobe-finned fish
Dipnoi - Rhinodipteridae	Andreyevichthys sp.¹ Andreyevichthys sp.¹ Krupina 1987 lungfish
Onychodontiformes -	Onychodontiformes indet.¹ Onychodontiformes indet.¹ lobe-finned fish AM5880, a maxilla
Coelacanthimorpha
-	Serenichthys kowiensis n. gen. n. sp.³ Serenichthys kowiensis n. gen. n. sp.³ Gess and Coates 2015 lobe-finned fish Indeterminate coelacanthiform in Gess 2011
Osteichthyes
Actinopterygii -	Actinopterygii indet.¹ Actinopterygii indet.¹ Cope 1887 ray-finned fish Whole-body soft tissue outlines, jaws, scales resembling Moythomasia spp.
Agnatha
Petromyzontiformes -	Petromyzontiformes indet.¹, Priscomyzon riniensis n. gen. n. sp.⁴ Petromyzontiformes indet.¹ Berg 1940 lamprey Priscomyzon riniensis n. gen. n. sp.⁴ Gess et al. 2006 lamprey

¹Gess 2011; ²Gess 2013; ³Gess and Coates 2015; ⁴Gess et al. 2006