Where: Hidalgo County, New Mexico (31.6° N, 108.4° W: paleocoordinates 31.6° N, 108.4° W)
• coordinate based on nearby landmark
• outcrop-level geographic resolution
When: Late/Upper Pleistocene (0.1 - 0.0 Ma)
• "Thin Holocene deposits with cultural material directly overlie full-glacial deposits in some areas and mid-Wisconsin sediments in others. Animal burrows, slumping, and water action are apparent. In addition, mining of bat guano has removed much fill and greatly disturbed other areas."
•"Most faunal remains... are from the red guano unit, particularly from two deposits dated at 35 890 +/- 2640 and at older than 31 150 B.P. All dates from bulk samples of the sediments."
• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution
Environment/lithology: cave; phosphorite
Size class: macrofossils
Collected in 1984
Collection methods: bulk, salvage, quarrying, surface (float), sieve,
• "sediments were screened through coarse (6 mm) and fine (1.8 mm) screens... most laboratory-processed material was wet-screened (0.5 mm mesh)... some areas were excavated by trowel without screening. Other material was recovered from mining spoil."
•taxonomic list is based on "approximately 433 catalogued items"
Primary reference: A. H. Harris. 1987. Reconstruction of mid Wisconsinan environments in southern New Mexico. National Geographic Research 3(2):142-151 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]more details
Purpose of describing collection: paleoecologic analysis
PaleoDB collection 76060: authorized by John Alroy, entered by John Alroy on 09.11.2007
Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)
Taxonomic list
Aves | |
Aquila chrysaetos Linnaeus 1758 golden eagle | |
cf. Cathartes aura Linnaeus 1758 turkey vulture | |
Zenaida macroura Linnaeus 1758 mourning dove | |
| |
Colaptes auratus Linnaeus 1758 northern flicker | |
Strix cf. occidentalis Xántus 1860 spotted owl | |
Anas cf. platyrhynchos Linnaeus 1758 mallard
cf. Anabernicula sp. Ross 1935 dabbling duck | |
cf. Salpinctes obsoletus Say 1822 rock wren | |
? Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus Bonaparte 1826 yellow-headed blackbird | |
cf. Falco sparverius Linnaeus 1758 American kestrel | |
? Colinus virginianus Linnaeus 1758 northern bobwhite | |
Reptilia | |
Cnemidophorus sp. Wagler 1830 whiptail lizard | |
Sceloporus sp., Phrynosoma cornutum, Phrynosoma douglassi, Crotaphytus collaris, cf. Urosaurus ornatus
Phrynosoma cornutum horned lizard
Phrynosoma douglassi horned lizard
Crotaphytus collaris Say 1823 Collared lizard
cf. Urosaurus ornatus squamates | |
Crotalus sp. Linnaeus 1758 rattlesnake | |
? Salvadora sp. Baird and Girard 1853 colubrid snake
? Pituophis sp. Holbrook 1842 gopher snake | |
"Chelonia indet." = Testudines
"Chelonia indet." = Testudines Batsch 1788 turtle | |
Mammalia | |
"Equus cf. occidentalis" = Equus mexicanus Hibbard 1955 horse
Equus conversidens Owen 1869 horse
Equus cf. niobrarensis Hay 1913 horse | |
Odocoileus sp. Rafinesque 1832 New World deer
? Navahoceros sp. Kurten 1975 New World deer | |
cf. Euceratherium sp. Furlong and Sinclair 1904 shrub-ox
cf. Oreamnos harringtoni Stock 1936 mountain goat | |
Capromeryx sp. Matthew 1902 pronghorn
Stockoceros onusrosagris Roosevelt and Burden 1934 pronghorn | |
cf. Camelops sp. Leidy 1854 camel | |
Lynx rufus Schreber 1777 bobcat | |
Urocyon cinereoargenteus Schreber 1775 gray fox | |
Arctodus simus Cope 1879 giant short-faced bear
Ursus cf. americanus Pallas 1780 black bear | |
Bassariscus astutus Lichtenstein 1830 ringtail listed as at Dry Cave by Harris 1987, but placed at U-Bar Cave (in the next column of Harris 1987's table) by Harris 1990
| |
Taxidea taxus Schreber 1778 American badger | |
Mephitis mephitis Schreber 1776 striped skunk
Spilogale sp. Gray 1865 skunk | |
Sorex merriami Dobson 1890 long-tailed shrew | |
Sigmodon sp., "Lagurus curtatus" = Lemmiscus curtatus, Neotoma stephensi, Neotoma findleyi, Neotoma cinerea, Neotoma albigula, Neotoma mexicana, Reithrodontomys cf. megalotis, Peromyscus eremicus, Peromyscus ? boylii, Peromyscus maniculatus, Peromyscus difficilis, Peromyscus truei, Microtus pennsylvanicus, Microtus mexicanus
Sigmodon sp. Say and Ord 1825 cotton rat
"Lagurus curtatus" = Lemmiscus curtatus Cope 1868 sagebrush vole
Neotoma stephensi Goldman 1905 pack rat
Neotoma findleyi Harris 1984 pack rat
Neotoma cinerea Ord 1815 bushy-tailed woodrat
Neotoma albigula Hartley 1894 white-throated woodrat
Neotoma mexicana Baird 1855 Mexican woodrat
Reithrodontomys cf. megalotis Baird 1858 western harvest mouse
Peromyscus eremicus Baird 1858 deer mouse
Peromyscus ? boylii Baird 1855 brush mouse
Peromyscus maniculatus Wagner 1843 deer mouse
Peromyscus difficilis Allen 1891 deer mouse
Peromyscus truei Shufeldt 1885 pinyon mouse
Microtus pennsylvanicus Ord 1815 meadow vole
Microtus mexicanus Saussure 1861 Mexican vole | |
Thomomys bottae Eydoux and Gervais 1836 Botta's pocket gopher | |
Perognathus (Chaetodipus) sp. Maximillian 1839 pocket mouse
Perognathus cf. flavus Baird 1855 pocket mouse
Dipodomys cf. spectabilis Merriam 1890 bannertail kangaroo rat | |
Spermophilus (Ictidomys) sp., Marmota flaviventris, Cynomys sp., "Tamias (Neotamias) ? dorsalis" = Neotamias dorsalis, "Spermophilus variegatus" = Otospermophilus variegatus
Spermophilus (Ictidomys) sp. Cuvier 1825 ground squirrel
Marmota flaviventris Audubon and Bachman 1841 yellow-bellied marmot
Cynomys sp. Rafinesque 1817 prairie dog
"Tamias (Neotamias) ? dorsalis" = Neotamias dorsalis Baird 1855 cliff chipmunk
"Spermophilus variegatus" = Otospermophilus variegatus Erxleben 1777 rock squirrel | |
"Sylvilagus nuttalli" = Sylvilagus nuttallii Bachman 1837 mountain cottontail
Aztlanolagus agilis Russell and Harris 1986 rabbit
Lepus sp. Linnaeus 1758 hare | |
"Nothrotheriops shastensis" = Nothrotherium shastense
"Nothrotheriops shastensis" = Nothrotherium shastense Sinclair 1905 Shasta ground sloth | |
Desmodus stocki Jones 1958 vampire bat | |
Plecotus sp. Geoffroy 1818 vesper bat
Antrozous pallidus Le Conte 1856 pallid bat
Eptesicus fuscus Beauvois 1796 big brown bat
Myotis ? lucifugus Le Conte 1831 vesper bat
Myotis velifer Allen 1890 cave myotis | |
Tadarida brasiliensis Geoffroy 1824 Mexican free-tailed bat | |
Amphibia | |
Scaphiopus sp. Holbrook 1836 spadefoot toad | |
Bufo sp. Laurenti 1768 toad | |
Ambystoma tigrinum Green 1825 tiger salamander |