PBDB Collection

Toi Flat, Westscott Sandstone (Miocene to of New Zealand)

Where: New Zealand (40.3° S, 176.3° E: paleocoordinates 47.7° S, 179.9° W)

• coordinate estimated from map

• local area-level geographic resolution

When: Westscott Sandstone Member (Ihungia Formation), Otaian to Otaian (21.7 - 15.9 Ma)

• member-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: offshore; lithified sandstone

• lower part of the member: inner shelf; middle and upper member: outer shelf

• calcaerous, massive, muddy grey sandstones with intercalated turbidites

Size classes: macrofossils, microfossils

Primary reference: C. M. Reid. 1998. Stratigraphy, paleontology, and tectonics of Lower Miocene rocks in the Waipatiki/Mangatuna area, southern Hawke's Bay, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 41:115-131 [W. Kiessling/U. Merkel]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 77489: authorized by Wolfgang Kiessling, entered by Uta Merkel on 14.01.2008

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Show authors, comments, and common names

unclassified
-	Poireiria sp., "Odontapsis" sp. Poireiria sp. "Odontapsis" sp.
Foraminifera
Rotaliina - Cassidulinidae	Ehrenbergina marwicki Ehrenbergina marwicki
Discorbacea - Bagginidae	Baggina ampla Baggina ampla
Asterigerinacea - Amphisteginidae	Amphistegina sp. Amphistegina sp. d'Orbigny 1826
Rotaliina - Bolivinidae	Bolivina lapsus, ? Bolivina zedirecta, Bolivina sp. Bolivina lapsus ? Bolivina zedirecta Bolivina sp. d'Orbigny 1839
Buliminacea - Uvigerinidae	Uvigerina miozea Uvigerina miozea
Nodosariacea -	Nodosariacea indet. Nodosariacea indet. Ehrenberg 1838
-	"? Marginulina duracina" = Cristellaria (Marginulina), "Marginulina sp." = Cristellaria (Marginulina), Marginulina subbullata "? Marginulina duracina" = Cristellaria (Marginulina) "Marginulina sp." = Cristellaria (Marginulina) d'Orbigny 1826 Marginulina subbullata Hantken 1875
Globothalamea
Rotaliida - Cancrisidae	Gyroidinoides zelandicus Gyroidinoides zelandicus
Rotaliida - Anomalinidae	Anomalina sp., Anomalinoides parvumbilia Anomalina sp. d'Orbigny 1826 Anomalinoides parvumbilia
Rotaliida - Cibicididae	Planulina sp., Cibicides molestus, ? Cibicides perforatus, Cibicides temperata, Cibicides thiaracuta, Cibicides sp. Planulina sp. d'Orbigny 1826 Cibicides molestus ? Cibicides perforatus Cibicides temperata Cibicides thiaracuta Cibicides sp. Monfort 1808
Rotaliida - Nonionidae	Nonionella magnalingua, Nonionella novozelandica, Nonionella zenitens, Nonionella sp., Notorotalia spinosa, Notorotalia sp., Astrononion sp. Nonionella magnalingua Nonionella novozelandica Nonionella zenitens Nonionella sp. Cushman 1926 Notorotalia spinosa Notorotalia sp. Finlay 1939 Astrononion sp. Cushman and Edwards 1927
Foraminifera
Buliminoidea - Buliminidae	Fissurina aff. kerguelenensis, Globobulimina aff. pacifica Fissurina aff. kerguelenensis Globobulimina aff. pacifica Cushman 1927
Astrorhizacea - Bathysiphonidae	Bathysiphon sp. Bathysiphon sp. Sars 1872
Lituolacea - Ataxophragmiidae	? Karreriella chilostoma, Karreriella cushmani, Arenodosaria antipoda, Martinottiella sp. ? Karreriella chilostoma Karreriella cushmani Arenodosaria antipoda Martinottiella sp. Cushman 1933
Trochamminacea - Trochamminidae	Trochammina sp. Trochammina sp. Parker and Jones 1859
Nodosariata
Polymorphinida - Plectofrondiculariidae	? Plectofrondicularia whaiangaroica ? Plectofrondicularia whaiangaroica
Nodosariida - Nodosariidae	Vaginulina sp., Lagenoglandulina annulata, Nodosaria sp., Astacolus sp., Planularia sp., Pseudonodosaria symmetrica Vaginulina sp. d'Orbigny 1826 Lagenoglandulina annulata Nodosaria sp. Lamarck 1812 Astacolus sp. de Montfort 1808 Planularia sp. Defrance 1826 Pseudonodosaria symmetrica
Vaginulinida - Vaginulinidae	Lenticulina aff. calcar, Lenticulina coloratus, Lenticulina cultratus, Lenticulina foliata, Lenticulina gyroscalpra, Lenticulina lenticulina, Lenticulina loculosa, Lenticulina lucida, Lenticulina mammilligera, Lenticulina pseudocalcarata, Lenticulina aff. pusilla, Lenticulina vortex Lenticulina aff. calcar Lenticulina coloratus Lenticulina cultratus Lenticulina foliata Lenticulina gyroscalpra Lenticulina lenticulina Lenticulina loculosa Lenticulina lucida Lenticulina mammilligera Lenticulina pseudocalcarata Lenticulina aff. pusilla Lenticulina vortex
Vaginulinida - Lagenidae	? Lingulina decipiens ? Lingulina decipiens
Foraminifera
Rotalioidea - Notorotaliidae	? Discorotalia aranea, Discorotalia tenuissima ? Discorotalia aranea Discorotalia tenuissima
Rotalioidea - Elphidiidae	Elphidium crispum, Elphidium subrotundum Elphidium crispum Elphidium subrotundum
- Chilostomellidae	Chilostomella ovoidea, Pullenia bulloides, Sphaeroidina bulloides Chilostomella ovoidea Pullenia bulloides Sphaeroidina bulloides d'Orbigny 1826
Globigerinoidea - Globorotaliidae	? Globorotalia nana, Globorotalia zealandica ? Globorotalia nana Jankins 1967 Globorotalia zealandica Walters 1965
Globigerinoidea - Globigerinidae	"Globorotalia mayeri" = Paragloborotalia mayeri, "Globigerina woodi" = Globoturborotalita woodi, Globigerinoides trilobus, Globigerina cf. ciperoensis, ? Globigerina juvenilis, Globigerina connecta, Globigerina sp., Globigerina bulloides, Globoquadrina dehiscens "Globorotalia mayeri" = Paragloborotalia mayeri Cushman and Ellisor 1939 subsp. semivera "Globigerina woodi" = Globoturborotalita woodi Jenkins 1960 Globigerinoides trilobus Reuss 1850 Globigerina cf. ciperoensis ? Globigerina juvenilis Globigerina connecta Globigerina sp. d'Orbigny 1826 Globigerina bulloides d'Orbigny 1826 Globoquadrina dehiscens Chapman et al. 1934
Tubothalamea
Miliolida - Hauerinidae	Quinqueloculina sp., Quinqueloculina cf. buchiana, Triloculina sp. Quinqueloculina sp. d'Orbigny 1826 Quinqueloculina cf. buchiana d'Orbigny 1846 Triloculina sp. d'Orbigny 1826
Foraminifera
Lituolida - Lituolidae	Dorothia minima, Haeuslerella decepta, Haeuslerella hectori, Haeuslerella pukeuriensis, Textularia awazea, Textularia miozea, Textularia pseudomiozea, Cyclammina sp., Cyclammina incisa Dorothia minima Haeuslerella decepta Haeuslerella hectori Haeuslerella pukeuriensis Textularia awazea Textularia miozea Textularia pseudomiozea Cyclammina sp. Brady 1876 Cyclammina incisa Stache 1864
Lituolida - Haplophragmoididae	Haplophragmoides sp. Haplophragmoides sp. Cushman 1910
Anthozoa
Scleractinia - Flabellidae	Truncatoflabellum aff. profundum, Truncatoflabellum sphenodeum, Truncatoflabellum sp., Flabellum circulare, Flabellum sp., Flabellum pavoninum Truncatoflabellum aff. profundum stony coral Truncatoflabellum sphenodeum stony coral Truncatoflabellum sp. Cairns 1989 stony coral Flabellum circulare stony coral Flabellum sp. Lesson 1831 stony coral Flabellum pavoninum Lesson 1831 stony coral
Scleractinia - Dendrophylliidae	Balanophyllia aff. alta Balanophyllia aff. alta Tenison-Woods 1880 stony coral
Actinopteri
Teleostei -	Teleostei indet. Teleostei indet.
Chondrichthyes
Euselachii -	Batoidea indet. Batoidea indet. ray
Echinoidea
Irregularia -	"Spatangoidea indet." = Spatangoida "Spatangoidea indet." = Spatangoida Agassiz 1840 heart urchin
Gastropoda
Trochoidea - Turbinidae	Turbininae indet. Turbininae indet. Rafinesque 1815 snail
Neotaenioglossa - Calyptraeidae	Crepidula sp., ? Zegalerus sp., Sigapatella novaezelandiae Crepidula sp. Lamarck 1799 slipper shell ? Zegalerus sp. Finlay 1927 slipper shell Sigapatella novaezelandiae slipper shell
Cerithioidea - Turritellidae	Turritellidae indet., Zeacolpus sp., Tropicolpus abscisus, Tropicolpus sp., Tropicolpus (Amplicolpus) cavershamensis Turritellidae indet. Lovén 1847 turret shell Zeacolpus sp. Finlay 1926 turret shell Tropicolpus abscisus turret shell Tropicolpus sp. Marwick 1931 turret shell Tropicolpus (Amplicolpus) cavershamensis turret shell
Epitonioidea - Epitoniidae	Cirsotrema sp. Cirsotrema sp. Mörch 1852 wentletrap
Neogastropoda - Ancillariidae	Amalda sp., Amalda (Spinispira) sp., Amalda (Spinispira) cf. cingulata, Amalda (Spinispira) spinigera, Amalda (Spinispira) cf. spinigera, Amalda (Spinispira) stortha, Amalda (Gemmuspira) platycephala, Amalda (Alocospira) hebera, ? Amalda (Baryspira) sp., ? Amalda (Gracilispira) sp. Amalda sp. Adams and Adams 1853 snail Amalda (Spinispira) sp. Adams and Adams 1853 snail Amalda (Spinispira) cf. cingulata snail Amalda (Spinispira) spinigera snail Amalda (Spinispira) cf. spinigera snail Amalda (Spinispira) stortha snail Amalda (Gemmuspira) platycephala snail Amalda (Alocospira) hebera snail ? Amalda (Baryspira) sp. Fischer 1883 snail ? Amalda (Gracilispira) sp. Olsson 1956 snail
Neogastropoda - Volutidae	Volutidae indet., Alcithoe (Leporemax) phymatias Volutidae indet. Rafinesque 1815 volute Alcithoe (Leporemax) phymatias volute
Neogastropoda - Muricidae	Muricidae indet., Typhis sp. Muricidae indet. Rafinesque 1815 murex snail Typhis sp. Montfort 1810 murex snail
Neogastropoda - Buccinidae	Buccinidae indet., Penion sp., ? Penion marwicki, Cominella sp., Paracominia sp. Buccinidae indet. Rafinesque 1815 true whelk Penion sp. Fischer 1884 true whelk ? Penion marwicki Finlay 1930 true whelk Cominella sp. Gray 1850 true whelk Paracominia sp. Powell and Bartrum 1929 true whelk
Neogastropoda - Buccinulidae	"Austrofusus spiniferus" = Aethocola (Aethocola) spinifera "Austrofusus spiniferus" = Aethocola (Aethocola) spinifera Finlay and McDowall 1923 snail
Neogastropoda - Volutomitridae	Proximitra apicalis, Proximitra rutidoloma Proximitra apicalis snail Proximitra rutidoloma snail
Neogastropoda - Cancellariidae	Turehua cf. lividorupis Turehua cf. lividorupis snail
Neogastropoda - Raphitomidae	Austrotoma sp., Rugobela sp. Austrotoma sp. Finlay 1924 snail Rugobela sp. Finlay 1924 snail
Neogastropoda - Pseudomelatomidae	Comitas fusiformis Comitas fusiformis snail
Neogastropoda - Turridae	Turridae indet., Austroclavus sp. Turridae indet. Swainson 1840 turrid Austroclavus sp. Powell 1942 turrid
Neogastropoda - Conidae	Conidae indet. Conidae indet. Fleming 1822 cone shell
Neogastropoda - Borsoniidae	Bathytoma sp., Bathytoma (Bathytoma) haasti Bathytoma sp. Harris and Burrows 1891 snail Bathytoma (Bathytoma) haasti Hutton 1877 snail
Sorbeoconcha - Xenophoridae	Xenophora prognata Xenophora prognata carrier shell
Sorbeoconcha - Struthiolariidae	Struthiolaria calcar, Struthiolaria sp. Struthiolaria calcar snail Struthiolaria sp. Lamarck 1816 snail
Sorbeoconcha - Cassidae	Galeodea (Apodemetes) sp. Galeodea (Apodemetes) sp. Link 1807 snail
Sorbeoconcha - Naticidae	Polinices huttoni, Polinices (Polinella) aff. modestus, Polinices (Polinella) aff. obstructus, Polinices (Polinella) sp., Tanea sp., Magnatica sp., Magnatica planispira Polinices huttoni moon snail Polinices (Polinella) aff. modestus moon snail Polinices (Polinella) aff. obstructus moon snail Polinices (Polinella) sp. Marwick 1931 moon snail Tanea sp. Marwick 1931 moon snail Magnatica sp. Marwick 1924 moon snail Magnatica planispira Suter 1917 moon snail
Thecosomata - Cavoliniidae	Vaginella sp. Vaginella sp. Daudin 1800 snail
Opisthobranchia - Cylichnidae	Cylichnidae indet. Cylichnidae indet. Adams 1850 snail
Cocculinoidea -	Cocculinacea indet. Cocculinacea indet. Thiele 1909 snail
Bivalvia
Nuculanida - Malletiidae	? Neilo sp. ? Neilo sp. Adams 1854 clam
Carditida - Crassatellidae	Spissatella aff. clifdenensis, Spissatella sp. Spissatella aff. clifdenensis clam Spissatella sp. Finlay 1926 clam
Carditida - Carditidae	"Cyclocardia" awamoensis "Cyclocardia" awamoensis clam
Thraciida - Periplomatidae	"Offadesma angasi" = Periploma (Offadesma) "Offadesma angasi" = Periploma (Offadesma) clam
Pholadomyida - Pholadomyidae	Pholadomya sp. Pholadomya sp. Sowerby 1823 clam
Pandorida - Clavagellidae	? Clavagella oamarutica, Clavagella sp. ? Clavagella oamarutica clam Clavagella sp. Blainville 1817 clam
Hiatellida - Hiatellidae	Panopea worthingtoni Panopea worthingtoni Hutton 1873 clam
Pholadida - Corbulidae	"Notocorbula sp." = Corbula (Notocorbula) "Notocorbula sp." = Corbula (Notocorbula) Iredale 1930 clam
Cardiida -	"Veneroida indet." = Veneroidei "Veneroida indet." = Veneroidei Gray 1854 clam
Cardiida - Veneridae	Veneridae indet., Marama sp., Eumarcia (Atamarcia) aff. curta, "Dosiniinae indet." = Dosiniini, Dosinia aff. bensoni, Rohea trigonalis, Pitar cf. sculpturata Veneridae indet. Rafinesque 1815 venus clam Marama sp. Marwick 1927 venus clam Eumarcia (Atamarcia) aff. curta venus clam "Dosiniinae indet." = Dosiniini Deshayes 1858 venus clam Dosinia aff. bensoni venus clam Rohea trigonalis venus clam Pitar cf. sculpturata venus clam
Cardiida - Mactridae	Zenatia sp. Zenatia sp. Gray 1853 clam
Cardiida - Cardiidae	Hedecardium sp. Hedecardium sp. Marwick 1944 cockle
Cardiida - Tellinidae	Tellinidae indet. Tellinidae indet. Blainville 1814 tellin clam
Cardiida - Solecurtidae	Solecurtus bensoni Solecurtus bensoni clam
Arcida - Glycymerididae	Glycymerita (Manaia) aff. hurupiensis, Glycymerita robusta, Glycymerita cf. robusta Glycymerita (Manaia) aff. hurupiensis clam Glycymerita robusta Marwick 1923 clam Glycymerita cf. robusta Marwick 1923 clam
Arcida - Cucullaeidae	? Cucullaea australis, Cucullaea sp., Cucullaea worthingtoni ? Cucullaea australis clam Cucullaea sp. Lamarck 1801 clam Cucullaea worthingtoni Hutton 1873 clam
Arcida - Limopsidae	Limopsis sp., "Limopsis catenata" = Limopsis zitteli Limopsis sp. Sassi 1827 clam "Limopsis catenata" = Limopsis zitteli Ihering 1907 clam
Ostreida - Ostreidae	Ostreidae indet. Ostreidae indet. Rafinesque 1815 oyster
Pectinida - Limidae	Lima sp., ? Lima colorata Lima sp. Bruguière 1797 file clam ? Lima colorata Hutton 1873 file clam
Pectinida - Anomiidae	Anomia sp., Anomia trigonopsis, Pododesmus incisurus Anomia sp. Linnaeus 1758 jingle Anomia trigonopsis Hutton 1873 jingle Pododesmus incisurus scallop
Pectinida - Pectinoidae	Mesopeplum sp., Lentipecten sp., Lentipecten hochstetteri Mesopeplum sp. Iredale 1929 scallop Lentipecten sp. Marwick 1928 scallop Lentipecten hochstetteri Zittel 1864 scallop
Cephalopoda
Nautilida - Aturiidae	Aturia cubaensis Aturia cubaensis Lea 1841 nautiloid
Scaphopoda
-	Scaphopoda indet. Scaphopoda indet. Bronn 1862 tusk shell
Dentaliida - Dentaliidae	Dentalium sp., Fissidentalium sp. Dentalium sp. Linnaeus 1758 tusk shell Fissidentalium sp. Fischer 1885 tusk shell
Dentaliida - Laevidentaliidae	Laevidentalium sp. Laevidentalium sp. Cossmann 1888 tusk shell
Rhynchonellata
Terebratulida - Terebratellidae	cf. Stethothyris sp., Waiparia sp., Neothyris sp. cf. Stethothyris sp. Thomson 1918 Waiparia sp. Neothyris sp. Douville 1879
Bryozoa
-	Bryozoa indet. Bryozoa indet. Ehrenberg 1831
Polychaeta
Sabellida - Serpulidae	Serpulidae indet. Serpulidae indet. Rafinesque 1835
Thecostraca
Thoracica -	Lepadomorpha indet. Lepadomorpha indet. Gruvel 1905 barnacle
Balanomorpha - Balanidae	Tasmanobalanus ? acutus, Tasmanobalanus grantmackiei Tasmanobalanus ? acutus barnacle Tasmanobalanus grantmackiei barnacle

Ichnofossils -	Ophiomorpha sp., Scolicia sp. Ophiomorpha sp. Lundgren 1891 Scolicia sp. de Quatrefages 1849