Baron (Eocene of France)

Where: France (49.1° N, 0.5° E: paleocoordinates 47.0° N, 3.4° W)

• coordinate stated in text

• local area-level geographic resolution

When: Bartonian (41.3 - 38.0 Ma)

• STRATIGRAPHIC RELATIONS: Unknown lithostratigraphic relationships. AGE: Middle Eocene (Bartonian) on the basis of macrofossil biostratigraphy. Of the Auversian local stage. STRATIGRAPHIC POSITION: Presumably a checklist for the entire regional section of Auversian age.

• formation-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: coastal; pebbly sandstone and marl

• ENVIRONMENT: Sublittoral sandy community, temperature around 18°C, and relatively humid.
• SPECIFIC LITHOLOGY: Sands, with some marly beds and thin pebble beds. LITHIFICATION: Unknown.

Size class: macrofossils

Collection methods: COLLECTORS: Based on survey of literature. REPOSITORY: Not stated in text.

Primary reference: G. Piccoli and E. Savazzi. 1983. Five shallow benthic mollusc faunas from the Upper Eocene (Baron, Priabona, Garoowe, Nanggulan, Takashima). Bollettino della Societa Paleontologica Italiana 22(1-2):31-47 [A. Hendy/A. Hendy/A. Hendy]more details

Purpose of describing collection: general faunal/floral analysis

PaleoDB collection 78567: authorized by Austin Hendy, entered by Austin Hendy on 08.02.2008

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• COVERAGE: Exhaustive for gastropoda and bivalvia. NOMENCLATURE: Not an authoritative publication, but with relatively modern nomenclature and taxonomic assignments to species resolution.
unclassified
  -
Bivalvia
 Nuculida - Nuculidae
"Nucula mixta" = Nucula (Nucula) mixta Deshayes 1858 nut clam
Nucula cossmanni Vincent 1892 nut clam
 Arcida - Glycymerididae
Glycymeris dispar Defrance 1826 clam
Glycymeris jacquoti Tournouer 1873 clam
Glycymeris depressa Deshayes 1829 clam
Glycymeris terebratularis Lamarck 1805 clam
Glycymeris pulvinata Lamarck 1805 clam
 Arcida - Arcidae
Arca biangula Lamarck 1805 ark
Arca minuata Deshayes 1858 ark
"Barbatia appendiculata" = Barbatia (Barbatia) appendiculata Sowerby 1820 clam
[entered as Barbatia appendicula]
 Pectinida - Pectinoidae
Spondylus radula Lamarck 1806 scallop
Lentipecten corneus Sowerby 1818 scallop
"Chlamys paueri" = Lentipecten paueri Frauscher 1886 scallop
"Amusium mellevillei" = Palliolum mellevillei d'Orbigny 1850 scallop
"Pseudamussium solea" = Chlamys solea Deshayes 1824 scallop
"Chlamys plebeia" = Mimachlamys plebeia Lamarck 1806 scallop
 Pectinida - Propeamussiidae
 Pectinida - Anomiidae
 Pectinida - Limidae
Limatula tenuis file clam
"Lima flabelloides" = Lima (Ctenoides) flabelloides Deshayes 1830 file clam
"Lima rara" = Lima (Ctenoides) rara Deshayes 1858 file clam
 Ostreida - Gryphaeidae
"Pycnodonte gigantea" = Gigantostrea gigantica Solander in Brander 1766 oyster
 Ostreida - Ostreidae
Crassostrea extensa, "Crassostrea cubitus" = Ostrea cubitus, "Ostrea bellovacina" = Ostrea (Bellostrea) bellovacina
"Crassostrea cubitus" = Ostrea cubitus Deshayes 1832 oyster
"Ostrea bellovacina" = Ostrea (Bellostrea) bellovacina Lamarck 1806 oyster
 Ostreida - Pinnidae
Pinna margaritacea Lamarck 1805 oyster
 Mytilida - Mytilidae
 Solenida - Solenidae
"Solena plagiaulax" = Solena (Eosolen) plagiaulax, "Solen gracilis" = Solena (Plectosolen) gracilis
"Solena plagiaulax" = Solena (Eosolen) plagiaulax Cossmann 1886 clam
"Solen gracilis" = Solena (Plectosolen) gracilis Sowerby 1844 clam
 Cardiida - Corbiculidae
Corbicula cuneiformis Sowerby 1817 clam
 Cardiida - Chamidae
Chama calcarata Lamarck 1806 jewel box
Chama fimbriata Defrance 1817 jewel box
 Cardiida - Cardiidae
Papyridea capsoides Bayan 1873 cockle
"Parvicardium granulosum" = Plagiocardium granulosum Lamarck 1805 cockle
Vepricardium verrucosum Lamarck 1824 cockle
Nemocardium parile Deshayes 1858 cockle
Loxocardium bouei Deshayes 1858 cockle
Loxocardium obliquum Lamarck 1805 cockle
Loxocardium sublimoides Cossmann 1923 cockle
Loxocardium impeditum Deshayes 1858 cockle
"Vepricardium gratum" = Cardium (Orthocardium) gratum Defrance in Deshayes 1829 cockle
"Vepricardium porulosum" = Cardium (Orthocardium) porulosum Solander 1766 cockle
"Vepricardium trifidium" = Cardium (Orthocardium) trifidum Deshayes 1858 cockle
Nemocardium parisiense d'Orbigny 1850 cockle
 Cardiida - Tellinidae
"Arcopagia altera" = Arcopagia (Bertinella) altera, "Arcopagia striatissima" = Arcopagia (Bertinella) striatissima, "Tellina pellucida" = Angulus (Lamyella) pelliculus, Tellina rostralis, "Tellina tellinella" = Elliptotellina tellinella, "Tellina canaliculata" = Tellina (Tellinella) canaliculata, Tellina lunulata, Tellina subelegans, "Tellina lamarcki" = Tellina (Homalina) lamarckii, "Arcopagia subrotundata" = Tellina (Sinuosipagia) subrotunda, "Arcopagia bouryi" = Tellina (Sinuosipagia) bouryi
"Arcopagia altera" = Arcopagia (Bertinella) altera Deshayes 1857 tellin clam
"Arcopagia striatissima" = Arcopagia (Bertinella) striatissima Deshayes 1857 tellin clam
"Tellina pellucida" = Angulus (Lamyella) pelliculus Deshayes 1857 tellin clam
Tellina rostralis tellin clam
"Tellina tellinella" = Elliptotellina tellinella Lamarck 1806 tellin clam
"Tellina canaliculata" = Tellina (Tellinella) canaliculata Edwards 1847 tellin clam
Tellina lunulata Lamarck 1806 tellin clam
Tellina subelegans d'Orbigny 1850 tellin clam
"Tellina lamarcki" = Tellina (Homalina) lamarckii Deshayes 1824 tellin clam
"Arcopagia subrotundata" = Tellina (Sinuosipagia) subrotunda Deshayes 1825 tellin clam
"Arcopagia bouryi" = Tellina (Sinuosipagia) bouryi Cossmann 1882 tellin clam
 Cardiida - Psammobiidae
"Gari rudis" = Gari (Garum) rudis Lamarck 1806 clam
 Cardiida - Solecurtidae
 Cardiida - Gastrochaenidae
 Pholadida - Corbulidae
"Corbula gallica" = Corbula (Bicorbula) gallica, "Corbula gallicula" = Bicorbula gallicula, Corbula valdensis, "Corbula anatina" = Tenuicorbula anatina, "Corbula gibba" = Corbula (Varicorbula) gibba, "Corbula ficus" = Ficusocorbula ficus, "Corbula striata" = Caryocorbula striata, "Corbula angulata" = Cuneocorbula angulata, "Corbula twiningi" = Caestocorbula twiningi
"Corbula gallica" = Corbula (Bicorbula) gallica Lamarck 1801 clam
"Corbula gallicula" = Bicorbula gallicula Deshayes 1857 clam
"Corbula anatina" = Tenuicorbula anatina Lamarck 1806 clam
"Corbula gibba" = Corbula (Varicorbula) gibba Oliva 1792 clam
"Corbula ficus" = Ficusocorbula ficus Solander 1766 clam
"Corbula striata" = Caryocorbula striata Lamarck 1801 clam
"Corbula angulata" = Cuneocorbula angulata Lamarck 1806 clam
"Corbula twiningi" = Caestocorbula twiningi Glibert and van de Poel 1966 clam
 Lucinida - Lucinidae
Pseudomiltha gigantea Deshayes 1825 clam
"Gibbolucina gibbosula" = Gibbolucina (Gibbolucina) gibbosula Lamarck 1806 clam
"Monitilora elegans" = Monitilora (Monitilora) elegans Defrance 1823 clam
"Divalinga rigaultiana" = Divalinga (Stchepinskya) rigaultiana Deshayes 1858 clam
Saxolucina saxorum Lamarck 1806 clam
Codakia concentrica Lamarck 1806 clam
"Parvilucina inornata" = Nevenulora inornata Deshayes 1857 clam
 Carditida - Carditidae
"Venericardia calcitrapoides" = Paraglans calcitrapoides Lamarck 1805 clam
"Venericardia sulcata" = Cyclocardia (Arcturellina) sulcata Solander 1766 clam
Venericardia complanata Deshayes 1825 clam
"Venericardia planicosta" = Venericor planicosta Lamarck 1801 clam
"Venericardia laurae" = Cardita (Venericardia) laurae Brongniart 1823 clam
 Carditida - Crassatellidae
Gastropoda
 Epitonioidea - Epitoniidae
"Amaea affinis" = Amaea (Acrilla) affinis Deshayes 1861 wentletrap
 Sorbeoconcha - Hipponicidae
Hipponix dilata hoof shell
Hipponix tuba hoof shell
Hipponix elegans hoof shell
 Sorbeoconcha - Naticidae
"Natica epiglottina" = Cochlis epiglottina Lamarck 1804 moon snail
Cepatia cepacea Lamarck 1804 moon snail
Neverita lineolata moon snail
Natica specialis moon snail
Natica noae moon snail
 Sorbeoconcha - Cerithiopsidae
 Sorbeoconcha - Rissoidae
"Rissoina fallax" = Zebina (Zebina) fallax, "Rissoina plicatilis" = Rissoina (Rissoina) plicatilis, "Rissoina clavula" = Rissoina (Rissoina) clavula, "Rissoina cochlearella" = Rissoina (Rissoina) cochlearella
"Rissoina fallax" = Zebina (Zebina) fallax Deshayes 1861 snail
"Rissoina plicatilis" = Rissoina (Rissoina) plicatilis Deshayes 1861 snail
"Rissoina clavula" = Rissoina (Rissoina) clavula Deshayes 1825 snail
"Rissoina cochlearella" = Rissoina (Rissoina) cochlearella Lamarck 1804 snail
 Sorbeoconcha - Pediculariidae
"Cypraedia sulcosa" = Eucypraedia sulcosa, Cypraedia elegans
"Cypraedia sulcosa" = Eucypraedia sulcosa Lamarck 1802 snail
Cypraedia elegans Defrance 1826 snail
 Neogastropoda - Fasciolariidae
 Neogastropoda - Melongenidae
 Neogastropoda - Buccinidae
Cantharus vasseuri true whelk
Siphonalia sp. Adams 1863 true whelk
 Neogastropoda - Volutidae
Lyria goldfussi, Lyria harpula, Lyria decora, Lyria branderi, "Volutilithes frederici" = Eopsephaea frederici, "Volutilithes berthae" = Eopsephaea berthae, "Volutilithes torulosus" = Eopsephaea torulosa, Athleta subambiguus, "Athleta suspensus" = Athleta (Volutospina) suspensus, "Athleta depauperatus" = Athleta (Volutospina) depauperatus, "Athleta mutatus" = Athleta (Neoathleta) mutatus, "Athleta labrellus" = Athleta (Neoathleta) labrellus, "Athleta barrandei" = Athleta (Neoathleta) barrandii, "Athleta elevatus" = Volutocorbis elevata, Volutocorbis digitalina, "Athleta strombiformis" = Athleta (Athleta) strombiformis
Lyria goldfussi Deshayes 1865 volute
Lyria harpula Lamarck 1802 volute
Lyria decora Beyrich 1853 volute
Lyria branderi Defrance 1829 volute
"Volutilithes frederici" = Eopsephaea frederici Bayan 1870 volute
"Volutilithes berthae" = Eopsephaea berthae de Raincourt 1874 volute
"Volutilithes torulosus" = Eopsephaea torulosa Deshayes 1835 volute
"Athleta suspensus" = Athleta (Volutospina) suspensus Solander in Brander 1766 volute
"Athleta depauperatus" = Athleta (Volutospina) depauperatus Sowerby 1823 volute
"Athleta mutatus" = Athleta (Neoathleta) mutatus Deshayes 1835 volute
"Athleta labrellus" = Athleta (Neoathleta) labrellus Lamarck 1802 volute
"Athleta barrandei" = Athleta (Neoathleta) barrandii Deshayes 1865 volute
"Athleta elevatus" = Volutocorbis elevata Sowerby 1840 volute
Volutocorbis digitalina Lamarck 1810 volute
"Athleta strombiformis" = Athleta (Athleta) strombiformis Deshayes 1835 volute
 Neogastropoda - Cystiscidae
 Neogastropoda - Marginellidae
Marginella abnormis margin shell
Marginella crassula margin shell
Marginella edwardsi margin shell
Marginella dissimilis margin shell
Marginella hordeola margin shell
 Neogastropoda - Muricidae
"Murex auversiensus" = Jsowerbya auversiensis, "Murex denudatus" = Pterymarchia denudata, "Hexaplex crispus" = Crassimurex crispus, "Typhis cf. parisiensis" = Typhis (Trubatsa) parisiensis, "Hexaplex spinulosus" = Poirieria (Flexopteron) spinulosa
"Murex auversiensus" = Jsowerbya auversiensis Deshayes 1865 murex snail
"Murex denudatus" = Pterymarchia denudata Deshayes 1835 murex snail
"Hexaplex crispus" = Crassimurex crispus Lamarck 1803 murex snail
"Typhis cf. parisiensis" = Typhis (Trubatsa) parisiensis d'Orbigny 1850 murex snail
"Hexaplex spinulosus" = Poirieria (Flexopteron) spinulosa Deshayes 1865 murex snail
 Neogastropoda - Clavatulidae
 Neogastropoda - Borsoniidae
"Asthenotoma microchila" = Asthenotoma microcheila Edwards 1861 snail
 Neogastropoda - Raphitomidae
"Raphitoma cappellinii" = Raphitoma (Raphitoma) costellata capellinii Deshayes 1865 snail
"Raphitoma bicristata" = Raphitoma (Raphitoma) costellata bicristata Cossmann and Pissarro 1913 snail
Raphitoma daphnelloides Gougerot and Le Renard 1981 snail
 Neogastropoda - Terebridae
"Hastula plicatila" = Mirula plicatula
"Hastula plicatila" = Mirula plicatula Lamarck 1803 auger snail
 Neogastropoda - Mangeliidae
"Mangelia plicata" = Cythara (Mangelia), "Mangelia labratula" = Cythara (Mangelia)
"Mangelia plicata" = Cythara (Mangelia) snail
"Mangelia labratula" = Cythara (Mangelia) snail
 Neogastropoda - Conidae
Conus crenulatus cone shell
Conus sulciferus cone shell
Conus diversiformis Deshayes 1824 cone shell
Conorbis alatus cone shell
 Neogastropoda - Cancellariidae
 Neogastropoda - Olividae
Ancilla obesula olive snail
Ancilla lamarckii olive snail
 Neogastropoda - Ancillariidae
"Ancilla buccinoides" = Spirancilla buccinoides
"Ancilla buccinoides" = Spirancilla buccinoides Lamarck 1802 snail
 Sorbeoconcha - Strombidae
Rimella fissurella Linnaeus 1767 true conch
"Rimella labrosa" = Rimella fissurella labrosa Sowerby 1824 true conch
Tibia goniophora true conch
 Sorbeoconcha - Seraphsidae
 Sorbeoconcha - Rostellariidae
"Tibia ampla" = Tibia (Hippochrenes) ampla Solander in Brander 1766 snail
"Tibia fissura" = Tibia (Hippochrenes) fissura Coquebert and Brongniart 1793 snail
"Tibia cf. bayleyi" = Hippochrenes bailei Deshayes 1865 snail
"Tibia athleta" = Tibia (Amplogladius) athleta d'Orbigny 1850 snail
 Sorbeoconcha - Cassidae
"Cassis cancellata" = Cassis (Morionella) verrucosa Perry 1810 snail
Cassis mammillaris Grateloup 1927 snail
"Galeodea nodosa" = Galeodea (Mambrinia) nodosa Solander in Brander 1766 snail
 Sorbeoconcha - Ranellidae
"Lampusia cuneata" = Monoplex, "Lampusia scabriuscula" = Monoplex, "Lampusia multigranifera" = Monoplex, "Lampusia planicostata" = Monoplex
"Lampusia cuneata" = Monoplex triton shell
"Lampusia scabriuscula" = Monoplex triton shell
"Lampusia multigranifera" = Monoplex triton shell
"Lampusia planicostata" = Monoplex triton shell
 Sorbeoconcha - Xenophoridae
Xenophora agglutinus, "Xenophora cumulans" = Xenophora cummulans
Xenophora agglutinus carrier shell
"Xenophora cumulans" = Xenophora cummulans Brongniart 1823 carrier shell
 Sorbeoconcha - Ficidae
"Ficopsis greenwoodi" = Ficus greenwoodi, Ficus nexilis
"Ficopsis greenwoodi" = Ficus greenwoodi Sowerby 1825 fig shell
Ficus nexilis Solander and Brander 1766 fig shell
 Vanikoroidea - Eulimidae
 Architaenioglossa - Ampullinidae
"Ampullella grossa" = Ampullina, "Ampullella parisiensis" = Ampullina, "Ampullella rustica" = Ampullina
"Ampullella grossa" = Ampullina snail
"Ampullella parisiensis" = Ampullina snail
"Ampullella rustica" = Ampullina snail
 Cerithioidea - Diastomatidae
 Cerithioidea - Siliquariidae
 Cerithioidea - Turritellidae
"Turritella sulcifera" = Ispharina sulcifera, "Turritella carinifera" = Turritella (Torquesia) carinifera, Sigmesalia chaussyensis, Sigmesalia solida, Sigmesalia fasciata, "Sigmesalia incerta" = Sigmesalia incertae, Vermicularia porrecta, "Vermicularia conica" = Vermicularia (Vermicularia) conica, "Vermicularia polygona" = Vermicularia (Anguillospira) polygona, "Turritella monilifera" = Haustator monilifer, "Turritella lamarcki" = Haustator praecessus, "Turritella imbricataria" = Haustator imbricataria
"Turritella sulcifera" = Ispharina sulcifera Deshayes 1832 turret shell
"Turritella carinifera" = Turritella (Torquesia) carinifera Deshayes 1824 turret shell
Sigmesalia solida Deshayes 1861 turret shell
Sigmesalia fasciata Lamarck 1804 turret shell
"Sigmesalia incerta" = Sigmesalia incertae Deshayes 1832 turret shell
Vermicularia porrecta Deshayes 1861 turret shell
"Vermicularia conica" = Vermicularia (Vermicularia) conica Lamarck 1804 turret shell
"Vermicularia polygona" = Vermicularia (Anguillospira) polygona Deshayes 1861 turret shell
"Turritella monilifera" = Haustator monilifer Deshayes 1832 turret shell
"Turritella lamarcki" = Haustator praecessus Defrance 1828 turret shell
"Turritella imbricataria" = Haustator imbricataria Lamarck 1804 turret shell
 Cerithioidea - Cerithiidae
Bittium dulciculum, Bittium transenna, Bittium semigranosum, "Ptycocerithium lamellosum" = Cerithium (Ptychocerithium), "Clava unisulcata" = Rhinoclavis, "Clava striata" = Rhinoclavis
Bittium dulciculum cerith snail
Bittium transenna cerith snail
Bittium semigranosum cerith snail
"Ptycocerithium lamellosum" = Cerithium (Ptychocerithium) cerith snail
"Clava unisulcata" = Rhinoclavis cerith snail
"Clava striata" = Rhinoclavis cerith snail
 Cerithioidea - Brachytrematidae
 Cerithioidea - Potamididae
 Cerithioidea - Thiaridae
 Cerithioidea - Pachychilidae
 Cerithioidea - Batillariidae
 Cerithioidea - Melanopsidae
 Neotaenioglossa - Calyptraeidae
"Calyptraea aperta" = Calyptraea (Trochita) aperta Solander 1766 slipper shell
Calyptraea laevis slipper shell
 Opisthobranchia -
 Opisthobranchia - Cylichnidae
 Heterostropha - Acteonidae
"Actaeon gmelini" = Acteon, "Actaeon stylifer" = Acteon, "Actaeon striatinus" = Acteon, "Actaeon cf. laetus" = Acteon
"Actaeon gmelini" = Acteon snail
"Actaeon stylifer" = Acteon snail
"Actaeon striatinus" = Acteon snail
"Actaeon cf. laetus" = Acteon snail
 Heterostropha - Ringiculidae
 Heterostropha - Architectonicidae
 Heterostropha - Pyramidellidae
 Neritoidea - Neritidae
Nerita tricarinata Lamarck 1804 snail
Nerita granulosa Deshayes 1824 snail
 Pleurotomarioidea - Pleurotomariidae
 Trochoidea - Colloniidae
 Trochoidea - Trochidae
Tectus ornatus top snail
Tectus thiara top snail
Tectus mitratus top snail
 Trochoidea - Turbinidae
 Neritoina - Neritopsidae