Also known as Reef 3971
Where: Hawaii (21.5° N, 157.7° W: paleocoordinates 21.4° N, 157.7° W)
• coordinate based on nearby landmark
• outcrop-level geographic resolution
When: Waimanalo Formation, Middle Pleistocene to Middle Pleistocene (0.8 - 0.0 Ma)
• age of 134-119 ka at Alala Point (S of Mokapu) and 121-113 ka at Kahuku Point (N of Mokapu)
• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution
Environment/lithology: reef, buildup or bioherm; limestone
Size class: macrofossils
Primary reference: D. R. Muhs, K. R. Simmons, and B. Steinke. 2002. Timing and warmth of the Last Interglacial period: new U-series evidence from Hawaii and Bermuda and a new fossil compilation for North America. Quaternary Science Reviews 21:1355-1383 [W. Kiessling/U. Merkel]more details
Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis
PaleoDB collection 89294: authorized by Wolfgang Kiessling, entered by Uta Merkel on 14.05.2009
Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)
Taxonomic list
unclassified | |
Bivalvia | |
"Rocellaria hawaiensis" = Gastrochaena (Rocellaria)2
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"Chama iostoma" = Chama limbula2
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"Trapezium californicus" = Trapezium oblongum2
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Gastropoda | |
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"Crepidula gravispinosa" = Crepidula (Bostrycapulus) gravispinosus2
"Crepidula gravispinosa" = Crepidula (Bostrycapulus) gravispinosus2 Kuroda and Habe 1950 slipper shell | |
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"Erato sandwicensis" = Proterato (Sulcerato) sandwichensis2, "Trivia insecta" = Trivirostra hordacea2, "Trivia pellucidula" = Trivirostra pellucidula2
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"Cypraea erosa" = Naria erosa2, "Cypraea caputserpentis" = Cypraea (Erosaria) caputserpentis2, "Cypraea helvola" = Cypraea (Erosaria) helvola2, "Cypraea granulata" = Nucleolaria granulata2, "Cypraea maculifera" = Mauritia maculifera2, "Cypraea talpa" = Talparia talpa2, "Cypraea cicercula" = Pustularia cicercula2, "Cypraea fimbriata" = Cypraea (Purpuradusta) fimbriata2, "Cypraea teres" = Talostolida teres2, "Cypraea gaskoini" = Cribrarula gaskoini2, "Cypraea isabella" = Luria isabella2, "Cypraea tessellata" = Luria tessellata2, Cypraea schilderorum2, "Cypraea leviathan" = Lyncina leviathan2, "Cypraea carneola" = Lyncina carneola2
"Cypraea caputserpentis" = Cypraea (Erosaria) caputserpentis2 Linnaeus 1758 cowry listed as C. captoserpentis
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"Strombus mutabilis" = Canarium mutabile2, "Strombus maculatus" = Strombus (Canarium) maculatus2, "Lambis chiragra" = Harpago chiragra2
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"Cymatium pileare" = Monoplex pilearis2
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Hastula confusa2, Hastula verreauxi2, Terebra cerithina2, Terebra chlorata2, Terebra crenulata2, Terebra felina2, Terebra flavescens2, Terebra peasei2, Terebra affinis2
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Conus abbreviatus2, Conus geographus2, Conus nanus2, Conus obscura2, Conus plicarius2, Conus praelatus2, Conus sponsalis2, Conus kahiko n. sp.1, Conus imperialis2, Conus rattus2, "Conus vitulinus" = Conus planorbis2, Conus lividus2, Conus tulipa2, Conus ebraeus2, "Conus auratus" = Conus aulicus2, Conus nussatella2, Conus flavidus2, Conus striatus2, Conus catus2, Conus chaldaeus2
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Purpura intermedia2, Vitularia sandwichensis2, Coralliophila violacea2, Coralliophila madreporarum2, Coralliobia fimbriatus2
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"Pusia aureolata" = Vexillum (Pusia)2, "Pusia consanguinea" = Vexillum (Pusia)2, "Pusia nodosa" = Vexillum (Pusia)2, "Pusia semifasciata" = Vexillum (Pusia)2
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Mitra ambigua2, Mitra astricta2, Mitra brunnea2, Mitra crassa2, Mitra limbifera2, Mitra lutea2, Mitra pellisserpentis2, Mitra stictica2, Mitra tabanula2, Mitra litterata2
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"Mastonia cingulifera" = Triphora (Mastonia)2
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Cheilea dillwyni2, Cheilea cicatricosa2, "Pilosabia pilosa" = Hipponix (Pilosabia)2, Antisabia foliacea2
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"Ochetoclava articulata" = Rhinoclavis (Ochetoclava)2, "Semivertagus atromarginatum" = Clava (Semivertagus)2, "Semivertagus nesioticus" = Clava (Semivertagus)2, Clypeomorus obeliscus2, Liocerithium thaanumi2
"Ochetoclava articulata" = Rhinoclavis (Ochetoclava)2 cerith snail listed as Ochetoclavis articulata
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"Aplodon tectus" = Modulus tectum2
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"Marmorostoma intercostalium" = Turbo (Marmarostoma) intercostalis2
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Anthozoa | |
Porites sp. Link 1807 stony coral |