Highway 108, stop 19 (2000), near Khun Yuam (Carboniferous of Thailand)

Where: Thailand (19.0° N, 98.0° E: paleocoordinates 22.8° S, 112.5° E)

• coordinate stated in text

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Chadian (346.7 - 340.0 Ma)

• STRATIGRAPHIC RELATIONS: From unnamed lithostratigraphic unit, which is part of a Silurian-Carboniferous succession. AGE: middle Early Carboniferous, on the basis of radiolarian biostratigraphy; latest Tournasian-earliest Visean = Chadian; here placed in Chadian to avoid stratigraphic orphaning. STRATIGRAPHIC POSITION: From stop 19; unknown position in section, as figure 2 (stratigraphic section) shows differing locations of four "stop 19" samples.

• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: marine; lithified, cherty/siliceous shale

• SPECIFIC LITHOLOGY: Cherty shale. LITHIFICATION: Lithified, on the basis of facies description and sample preparation techniques.

Size class: macrofossils

Collection methods: bulk, chemical, hydroflouric, sieve,

• COLLECTORS: Not stated, but presumably by some of the authors. REPOSITORY: Palaeontology Laboratory, Faculty of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, People’s Republic China. PREPARATION METHODS: Samples were divided into two parts: one part was retained as an accessory sample and the other part processed. The sample was fragmented and placed in 5 per cent HF for 24 hours. The solution was repeatedly decanted and refilled using water until neutral, and then sieved at 300 mm. The remaining residue was dried and scanned using a stereoscopic microscope. Fossil radiolarians were recovered from each of the 11 samples, but were well preserved in only four.

Primary reference: Q. Feng, D. Helmcke, C. Chonglakmani, R. Ingavat-Helmcke, and B. Liu. 2004. Early Carboniferous radiolarians from north-west Thailand: paleogeographical implications. Palaeontology 47(2):377-393 [A. Hendy/A. Hendy]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 90896: authorized by Austin Hendy, entered by Austin Hendy on 24.08.2009

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• COVERAGE: Exhaustive for radiolarians. NOMENCLATURE: Authoritative publication, with modern nomenclature, and species-resolution identifications.
Protozoa
 Albaillellaria - Ceratoikiscidae
Ceratoikiscum sp. Deflandre 1953 radiolarian
Ceratoikiscum umbraculum Won 1983 radiolarian
 Albaillellaria - Albaillellidae
Albaillella indensis Won 1983 radiolarian
 Entactinaria - Tetrentactiniidae
Triaenosphaera cf. hebes Won 1983 radiolarian
Triaenosphaera sicarius Deflandre 1973 radiolarian
? Triaenosphaera bareillensis Gourmelon 1986 radiolarian
 Entactinaria - Pylentonemidae
Polyentactinia polygonia Foreman 1963 radiolarian
Pylentonema antiqua Deflandre 1963 radiolarian
 Entactinaria - Entactiniidae
Entactinosphaera palimbola Foreman 1963 radiolarian
"Astroentactinia multispinoasa" = Stigmosphaerostylus radiolarian
Entactinia cf. tortispina Ormiston and Lane 1976 radiolarian
Entactinia vulgaris Won 1983 radiolarian
 Nassellaria - Archocyrtiidae
Cyrtisphaeractenium cf. mendax Deflandre 1972 radiolarian
Archocyrtium sashidai Feng et al. 2004 radiolarian
Archocyrtium diductum Deflandre 1973 radiolarian
Archocyrtium coronaesimile Won 1983 radiolarian