Chapada do Araripe [Romualdo Fm.] (general) (Cretaceous of Brazil)

Also known as Araripe Plateau

Where: Ceará, Brazil (7.2° S, 39.3° W: paleocoordinates 8.7° S, 7.6° W)

• coordinate estimated from map

• basin-level geographic resolution

When: Romualdo Formation (Santana Group), Late/Upper Aptian (122.5 - 112.0 Ma)

• In recent stratigraphic schemes (e.g. Martill 2007) the Santana Formation and the "Romualdo Member" are essentially synonyms

•Santana Formation suggested to be early Albian in age by Heimhofer & Hochuli (2010) on the basis of palynomorphs

•Cerqueira et al. 2021:The Romualdo Formation was recently considered as Aptian in age, based on palynomorph, foraminifera and ostracod data (Arai and Assine 2020; Melo et al. 2020).

•From Melo et al. 2020: In summary, this integrated study of foraminifera, ostracodes and other microfossil data from the Romualdo Formation indicates that the local Alagoas Stage (Ostracoda Zone RT-011) can now be constrained to the Aptian. Arai and Assine 2020 also support that the Romualdo Formation and Santana Group is entirely Aptian in age.

• member-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: lagoonal or restricted shallow subtidal; concretionary, calcareous shale

• Cerqueira et al. 2021: These layers probably were deposited follow- ing pulses of mass mortality, and the lithologies character- ize a coastal/marine environment (Melo et al. 2020).
• Limestone concretions in black shales

•Cerqueira et al. 2021: characterized by conglomeratic sandstone followed by a sequence of green and black shale (Assine 2007), stratified conglomerates, fine-to medium-grained sandstone, laminated limestone, marl, and coquina levels (Assine et al. 2014; Melo et al. 2020). The black shale is occasionally intercalated with sev- eral layers where carbonate concretions are abundant (Fara et al. 2005; Saraiva et al. 2007; Vila Nova et al. 2011; Kellner et al. 2013).

Size class: macrofossils

Preservation: concretion, soft parts

Reposited in the AMNH, BSP, SMNS

Collection methods: quarrying, chemical

Primary reference: L. I. Price. 1971. A presença de Pterosauria no Cretáceo Inferior da Chapada do Araripe, Brasil. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 43:451-461 [R. Butler/R. Butler]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 92290: authorized by Richard Butler, entered by Richard Butler on 05.11.2009, edited by Roger Benson, Philip Mannion, Mark Bell, Matthew Carrano, Grace Varnham and Jonathan Tennant

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

unclassified
  -
Oviraptorosauridae indet.12
SMNS 58023 (last 3 sacral vertebrae & ribs, 2 caudal vertebrae, & postacetabular process of R ilium)
Chondrichthyes
 Hybodontiformes - Hybodontidae
Tribodus limae n. gen. n. sp.4
Tribodus limae n. gen. n. sp.4 Brito and Ferreira 1989 elasmobranch
Holotype: GP/2T-2 IG-USP
 Rajiformes - Rhinobatidae
Rhinobatos beurleni n. sp.24 Silva Santos 1968 guitarfish
Holotype: No. 2510 D e V; Paratype: No. 917-P, D e V
Osteichthyes
 Halecomorphi - Ionoscopidae
Oshunia brevis34 Wenz and Kellner 1986 ray-finned fish
CD-P-31
Reptilia
 Testudines -
Brasilemys josai n. gen. n. sp.20
Brasilemys josai n. gen. n. sp.20 Lapparent de Broin 2000 sideneck turtle
Museu de Geologia de Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain, number MGB 37911. A carapace with a partial skull, two hyoid branches, left lower jaw; axis and 3d cervical vertebrae in the carapace
 Loricata -
Araripesuchus gomesii14 Price 1959 crocodilian
AMNH 24450 - complete articulated skeleton
 Loricata - Peirosauridae
Caririsuchus camposi n. gen. n. sp.16
Caririsuchus camposi n. gen. n. sp.16 Kellner 1987 crocodilian
CD-R-041 & DGM 1468 R - partial skeleton
 Theropoda -
Megaraptora indet.2 Benson et al. 2010 coelurosaur
SMNS 58023 (last 3 sacral vertebrae & ribs, 2 caudal vertebrae, & postacetabular process of R ilium)
 Theropoda - Spinosauridae
Spinosaurinae indet.3 Sereno et al. 1998 tetanuran theropod
LPP-PV-0042, a fragmentary tibia
 Pterosauria -
Pterodactyloidea indet.23 pterosaur
DNPM D6M 488-LE, wing bones. AMNH 22569, pelvis. Geol. Inst. Univ. Amsterdam 4895, two cervical vertebrae. Gigase collection V-201, 10 articulated posterior cervical and anterior dorsal vertebrae. BSP 1987 I 65, right scapulocoracoid. SMNS 55408, humerus. SMNS 82001, ulna. SMNS 81976, humerus and ulna/radius. SMNS 55412, 55415, phalanges. SMNS 80437
Pterodactyloidea indet.19 pterosaur
BSP 1982 I 91, 1982 I 93
Araripedactylus dehmi n. gen. n. sp.30 Wellnhofer 1977 pterosaur
BSPG 1975 I 166, proximal phalanx, right wing-finger
Santanadactylus pricei n. sp.31 Wellnhofer 1985 pterosaur
BSP 1980 I 122 (holotype), partial left forelimb. Paratypes: BSP 1980 I 43, 1980 I 120, MZ A/III 522, forelimb material. BSP 1987 I 1, partial left forelimb
cf. Santanadactylus pricei26 Wellnhofer 1985 pterosaur
SMNS 55883, humerus, 55410, ulna, 55411, ulna and radius
 Pterosauria - Ornithocheiridae
Barbosania gracilirostris n. gen. n. sp.10
Barbosania gracilirostris n. gen. n. sp.10 Elgin and Frey 2011 pterosaur
MNHS/00/85, skull and partial postcranium
 Pterosauria -
Brasileodactylus sp.27 Kellner 1984 pterosaur
AMNH 24444, skull and partial left wing
Brasileodactylus araripensis n. gen. n. sp.15 Kellner 1984 pterosaur
MN 4804–V, anterior part of mandible
 Pterosauria - Anhangueridae
"cf. Coloborhynchus spielbergi" = Maaradactylus spielbergi26, "Coloborhynchus spielbergi n. sp." = Maaradactylus spielbergi28, "cf. Criorhynchus mesembrinus" = Tropeognathus mesembrinus26, "Tropeognathus mesembrinus n. gen. n. sp." = Tropeognathus mesembrinus32
"cf. Coloborhynchus spielbergi" = Maaradactylus spielbergi26 Veldmeijer 2003 pterosaur
SMNS 55413, ulna
"Coloborhynchus spielbergi n. sp." = Maaradactylus spielbergi28 Veldmeijer 2003 pterosaur
RGM 401 880, skull and postcrania
"cf. Criorhynchus mesembrinus" = Tropeognathus mesembrinus26 Wellnhofer 1987 pterosaur
SMNS 56994, mandible
"Tropeognathus mesembrinus n. gen. n. sp." = Tropeognathus mesembrinus32 Wellnhofer 1987 pterosaur
BSP 1987 I 46, skull and lower jaw
 Pterosauria -
Cearadactylus atrox n. gen. n. sp.21, Anhanguera sp.29, "? Cearadactylus ligabuei n. sp." = Anhanguera ligabuei9, "Araripesaurus santanae n. sp." = Anhanguera santanae31, "Tropeognathus robustus n. sp." = Anhanguera robustus32, "Santanadactylus araripensis n. sp." = Anhanguera araripensis31, "Santanadactylus cf. araripensis" = Anhanguera araripensis31, Anhanguera blittersdorffi n. gen. n. sp.7
Cearadactylus atrox n. gen. n. sp.21 Leonardi and Borgomanero 1985 pterosaur
F-PV-93 (holotype), incomplete skull with mandibles
Anhanguera sp.29 Campos and Kellner 1985 pterosaur
SAO 200602, mandible
"? Cearadactylus ligabuei n. sp." = Anhanguera ligabuei9 Dalla Vecchia 1993 pterosaur
CSRL 12692/12713 (holotype), anterior part of a skull
"Araripesaurus santanae n. sp." = Anhanguera santanae31 Wellnhofer 1985 pterosaur
BSP 1982 I 90, partial skull and partial forelimb
"Tropeognathus robustus n. sp." = Anhanguera robustus32 Wellnhofer 1987 pterosaur
BSP 1987 I 47, lower jaw
"Santanadactylus araripensis n. sp." = Anhanguera araripensis31 Wellnhofer 1985 pterosaur
BSP 1982 I 89, skull, lower jaws, partial forelimb. BSP 1987 I 66, right metacarpal. SMNS 55409, humerus. SAO 16494, skull
"Santanadactylus cf. araripensis" = Anhanguera araripensis31 Wellnhofer 1985 pterosaur
BSP 1982 I 92, forelimb material
Anhanguera blittersdorffi n. gen. n. sp.7 Campos and Kellner 1985 pterosaur
Blittersdorff collection, complete skull
 Pterosauria - Pteranodontidae
Santanadactylus brasilensis n. gen. n. sp.6 Buisonjé 1980 pterosaur
Geol. Inst. Univ. Amsterdam 4894 (holotype), humerus/scapula/coracoid
Santanadactylus spixi n. sp.31 Wellnhofer 1985 pterosaur
BSP 1980 I 121, partial forelimb
 Pterosauria -
Araripesaurus castilhoi n. gen. n. sp. Price 1971 pterosaur
529-R, partial forelimb
Azhdarchoidea indet.11 Unwin 1992 pterosaur
SMNK PAL 3985, MPSC R 859 (prob. different taxa)
 Pterosauria - Dsungaripteridae
Banguela oberlii n. gen. n. sp.13
Banguela oberlii n. gen. n. sp.13 Headden and Campos 2014 pterosaur
SAO 251093, mandible
 Pterosauria - Thalassodromidae
Tupuxuara longicristatus n. gen. n. sp.18
Tupuxuara longicristatus n. gen. n. sp.18 Kellner and Campos 1988 pterosaur
 Pterosauria - Tapejaridae
Thalassodrominae indet.1 Kellner and Campos 2007 pterosaur
AMNH 22567, three posteriormost cervical vertebrae, first seven dorsals, (fused in to a notarium), right and left scapulocoracoids, a partial sternum, incomplete right humerus, part of the wing finger, incomplete right femur and parts of the right tibia/fibula
Kariridraco dianae n. gen. n. sp.8 Cerqueira et al. 2021 pterosaur
Holotype: MPSC R 1056, fairly complete skull, preserving most of its temporal, orbital, and preorbital portions, part of its premax- illary crest, an almost complete lower jaw and four cervical vertebrae
Tapejara wellnhoferi n. gen. n. sp.17 Kellner 1989 pterosaur
Blittersdorff collection, CD-R-080, partial skull
Actinopteri
 Pycnodontiformes - Pycnodontidae
Microdon penalvai n. sp.25 Silva Santos 1970
Holotype: No. 918, DGM - DNPM
 Lepisosteiformes -
Lepidotes wenzae5 Brito and Gallo 2003 gar
Holotype: MNHN-BCE 387
 Lepisosteiformes - Obaichthyidae
Obaichthys ? laevis33 Wenz and Brito 1992 gar
DGM 1155
Obaichthys decoratus n. gen. n. sp.33 Wenz and Brito 1992 gar
DGM 1336
Santanaclupea silvasantosi
  -
Santanaclupea silvasantosi n. gen. n. sp.22
Santanaclupea silvasantosi n. gen. n. sp.22 Maisey 1993
AMNH 12790, complete specimen; AMNH 12789