Loc. 237 - The Grove [Waccamaw Fm] (Pleistocene of the United States)

Where: Berkeley County, South Carolina (33.0° N, 79.9° W: paleocoordinates 33.0° N, 79.5° W)

• coordinate based on nearby landmark

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Waccamaw Formation, Early/Lower Pleistocene (2.6 - 0.8 Ma)

• STRATIGRAPHIC RELATIONS: From Waccamaw Fm. AGE: Late Pliocene-Early Pleistocene, but here assigned to the Early Pleistocene following DuBar (1971). STRATIGRAPHIC POSITION: From 5 ft exposure in a ditch.

• bed-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: coastal; unlithified marl

• ENVIRONMENT: Shallow marine, shelfal siliciclastic.
• SPECIFIC LITHOLOGY: Marl. LITHIFICATION: Unlithified, assumed on the basis of age and facies description.

Size class: macrofossils

Preservation: original aragonite, original calcite

Collection methods: surface (in situ),

• COLLECTORS: Lyell (1841) and Tuomey, 1922. REPOSITORIES: Unknown.

Primary reference: C. W. Cooke. 1936. Geology of the Coastal Plain of South Carolina. United States Geological Survey Bulletin 837 [A. Hendy/A. Hendy]more details

Purpose of describing collection: biostratigraphic analysis

PaleoDB collection 92411: authorized by Austin Hendy, entered by Austin Hendy on 10.11.2009, edited by Mark Uhen

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• COVERAGE: Limited to characteristic bivalves and gastropods. NOMENCLATURE: Not an authoritative publication and with antiquated nomenclature but with species-resolution identifications. Nomenclature updated with subsequent publications.
Echinoidea
 Clypeasteroida - Mellitidae
Encope macrophora, "Mellita caroliniana" = Leodia caroliniana1
Encope macrophora Ravenel 1842 sand dollar
"Mellita caroliniana" = Leodia caroliniana1 Ravenel 1841 sand dollar
 Spatangoida - Schizasteridae
Agassizia porifera2 Ravenel 1848 heart urchin
 Spatangoida - Loveniidae
"Echinocardium gothicus" = Echinocardium orthonotum
"Echinocardium gothicus" = Echinocardium orthonotum Conrad 1843 heart urchin
 Spatangoida - Brissidae
Brissus spatiosus Ravenel 1848 heart urchin
Metalia raveneliana heart urchin
Gastropoda
 Neogastropoda - Olividae
"Oliva litterata" = Oliva (Ispidula) sayana
"Oliva litterata" = Oliva (Ispidula) sayana Ravenel 1834 olive snail
 Neogastropoda - Volutidae
Bivalvia
 Pectinida - Pectinoidae
"Pecten eboreus" = Carolinapecten eboreus, Amusium mortoni n. sp.
"Pecten eboreus" = Carolinapecten eboreus Conrad 1833 scallop
Amusium mortoni n. sp. Ravenel 1844 scallop
 Cardiida - Cardiidae
 Cardiida - Veneridae
"Venus cribraria" = Chione cribraria
"Venus cribraria" = Chione cribraria Conrad 1843 venus clam
 Solenida - Solenidae
Solen ensis Linnaeus 1767 clam