†family Acanthodidae Huxley 1861 (spiny fish)

Chondrichthyes - Acanthodiformes - Acanthodidae

Parent taxon: Acanthodiformes according to J. S. Nelson et al. 2016

See also Carroll 1988, Denison 1979 and Hay 1902

Sister taxa: Cheiracanthidae, Howittacanthidae, Mesacanthidae, Mesacanthus

Subtaxa: Acanthodes Carycinacanthus Cheiracanthus Homalacanthus Protogonacanthus Pseudacanthodes Traquairichthys Triazeugacanthus Utahacanthus

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Ecology: nektonic carnivore

Distribution:

• Wolfcamp of United States (1: New Mexico collection)

• Permian of the Czech Republic (7), France (2), United States (3: Kansas, Oklahoma)

• Virgilian of United States (5: Kansas, New Mexico)

• Carboniferous of Belarus (1), China (1), the Russian Federation (1), the United Kingdom (13), United States (6: Montana, New Mexico, Utah)

• Devonian of Belarus (11), Canada (1: Quebec), Estonia (3), Latvia (2), the Russian Federation (9), South Africa (1), the United Kingdom (1), United States (1: Iowa)

Total: 69 collections including 109 occurrences

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