Chondrichthyes - Acanthodiformes
Parent taxon: Acanthodii according to J. S. Nelson et al. 2016
See also Burrow et al. 2012, Carroll 1988, Dineley and Metcalf 1999 and Long 2011
Sister taxa: Acanthodi, Acanthodida, Antarctonchus, Archaeacanthus, Byssacanthoides, Campylodus, Climatiida, Climatiiformes, Diplacanthi, Diplacanthiformes, Eupleurogmus, Euthacanthidae, Gemuendolepis, Haplacanthus, Homacanthus, Ischnacanthida, Ischnacanthiformes, Lupopsyroides, Lupopsyrus, Machaeracanthidae, Monopleurodus, Nodacosta, Nodonchus, Onchus, Parexus, Paucicanthus, Pinnacanthus, Promesacanthus, Ptychodictyon, Seretolepis, Sinacanthus, Striacanthus, Tetanopsyrus, Yealepis
Subtaxa: Acanthodidae Cheiracanthidae Howittacanthidae Mesacanthidae Mesacanthus
Ecology: nektonic carnivore
Distribution:
• Wolfcamp of United States (1: New Mexico collection)
• Permian of the Czech Republic (7), France (2), United States (3: Kansas, Oklahoma)
• Virgilian of United States (5: Kansas, New Mexico)
• Carboniferous of Belarus (1), China (1), the Russian Federation (1), the United Kingdom (13), United States (6: Montana, New Mexico, Utah)
• Devonian of Australia (1), Belarus (11), Canada (1: Quebec), Estonia (3), Latvia (2), the Russian Federation (9), South Africa (1), the United Kingdom (2), United States (1: Iowa)
Total: 71 collections including 111 occurrences