Suborder Clypeasterina Agassiz 1872 (sand dollar)

Echinoidea - Clypeasteroida

Alternative spelling: Clypeasteridae

Full reference: A. Agassiz. 1872. Revision of the Echini. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 3:1-378

Parent taxon: Clypeasteroida according to A. Kroh and A. B. Smith 2010

See also Clark and Twitchell 1915, Durham 1955, Durham 1966 and Durham and Melville 1957

Sister taxa: Conoclypeidae, Faujasiidae, Laganina, Oligopygidae, Plesiolampadidae, Prowillungaster, Rotulina, Runa, Scutellina, Tournoueraster, Willungaster

Subtaxa: Clypeasteridae Fossulasteridae

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Ecology: slow-moving semi-infaunal detritivore

Distribution:

• Quaternary of Barbados (1 collection), Eritrea (1), Jordan (3), New Zealand (1), Saint Kitts and Nevis (1), Saudi Arabia (2), United States (3: Florida)

• Pliocene to Pleistocene of Egypt (1), Taiwan (1)

• Pliocene of Colombia (1), the Dominican Republic (5), Egypt (3), Fiji (1), Mexico (3), New Zealand (2), Portugal (1), Taiwan (1), United States (16: California, Florida, South Carolina)

• Miocene to Pliocene of Aruba (4), Australia (1), the Dominican Republic (2), the Netherlands Antilles (4), United States (1: California)

• Miocene of Algeria (5), Australia (6), Austria (10), Bosnia and Herzegovina (1), Brazil (3), Colombia (5), Costa Rica (1), Cuba (11), the Dominican Republic (2), Egypt (7), Fiji (1), France (1), Greece (3), India (1), Indonesia (2), Italy (13), Jamaica (1), Libya (1), Malta (6), Mexico (1), Morocco (1), Northern Mariana Islands (1), Panama (6), South Africa (1), Spain (1), Sri Lanka (1), United States (4: Alaska, Florida)

• Oligocene of Antigua and Barbuda (2), Australia (1), Cuba (3), Haiti (1), India (3), Iran (2), Jamaica (3), Jordan (1), Libya (1), Mexico (3), Oman (1), Panama (1), Saudi Arabia (1), Somalia (1), United States (21: Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, North Carolina, Texas)

• Eocene of Turkey (1), United States (2: Florida, Georgia)

Total: 203 collections including 254 occurrences

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