Angiospermae - Poales - Poaceae
Synonym: Gramineae de Jussieu
Full reference: J. H. Barnhart. 1895. Family Nomenclatura. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 22:1-24
Parent taxon: Poales according to The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group 2016
See also Blackburn and Sluiter 1994, Chandler 1964, Knowlton 1919, Mabberley 2000, Ozaki 1974, Shoshani et al. 1989, Small 1903, Taylor et al. 2008 and Wang and Zhou 2013
Sister taxa: Bromeliaceae, Clementsiella, Cyperaceae, Ecdeiocoleaceae, Eriocaulaceae, Flagellariaceae, Joinvilleaceae, Juncaceae, Mayacaceae, Rapateaceae, Restionaceae, Thurniaceae, Triticoides, Typhaceae, Vallisnerites, Xyridaceae, Yorkia
Subtaxa: Andropogon Arundinaria Bambusa Bambusites Bambusoideae Berriochloa Bromus Cerealia Chaetochloa Culmites Elymus Eragrosites Festuca Glumophyllum Glycerioxylon Graminites Graminocarpon Graminophyllum Humbertochloa Hygrorhizos Leptaspis Lygeum Monoporopollenites Muhlenbergia Oryza Oryzopsis Palaeoavena Palaeophragmites Palaeopyrum Palaeozea Paleoeriocoma Panicum Pennisetum Phalaris Phragmites Phyllostachys Poacites Rhizocaulon Saccharum Setaria Sorghum Stipa Stipidium Triticum Zea
Ecology: "photoautotroph"
Distribution:
• Quaternary of Argentina (2 collections), Australia (46), the Bahamas (1), the Congo-Kinshasa (4), Greenland (1), India (61), Italy (1), Japan (3), Tanzania (3), the United Kingdom (3), United States (13: Kansas, Michigan, North Carolina, Utah, Virginia, Washington), Zambia (2)
• Pliocene to Pleistocene of Bolivia (1), China (1), the Congo-Kinshasa (1), India (1), Tanzania (1)
• Pliocene of Bolivia (1), Germany (1), India (2), Japan (1), Panama (4), Portugal (9), United States (2: Florida, Massachusetts)
• Hemphillian of United States (4: Indiana, Kansas, Tennessee)
• Miocene to Pliocene of Ecuador (1), India (3), Japan (4), Nepal (1), South Africa (2), South Atlantic (2), Uganda (1)
• Miocene of Argentina (8), Australia (1), Azerbaijan (2), Chile (1), China (9), Ecuador (1), Germany (3), India (8), Italy (1), Japan (20), Kenya (8), Pakistan (1), Panama (3), Peru (1), Saudi Arabia (1), Switzerland (5), Turkey (1), United States (12: Massachusetts, Montana, Nebraska, Virginia), Venezuela (1)
• Neogene of China (1), United States (1: Massachusetts)
• Oligocene to Miocene of Argentina (9), Australia (3), United States (2: Maryland, Montana)
• Oligocene to Pleistocene of Argentina (1)
• Oligocene of Argentina (6), Peru (1), United States (1: Montana)
• Eocene to Oligocene of Antarctica (1)
• Eocene to Miocene of Argentina (1)
• Eocene of Antarctica (5), Australia (1), Canada (3: British Columbia), Colombia (16), Cuba (1), France (1), Germany (1), India (4), United States (3: Colorado, Missouri, Wyoming)
• Paleocene to Eocene of Canada (1: Nunavut)
• Tertiary of the Dominican Republic (1), Japan (2)
• Paleogene of India (2)
• Paleocene of Canada (1: Saskatchewan), the United Kingdom (1)
• Cretaceous of China (2), the Netherlands (1), Senegal (2), United States (4: Georgia, South Carolina, Wyoming)
Total: 349 collections including 424 occurrences