Gastropoda - Epitonioidea - Epitoniidae
Alternative spelling: Amaea (Scalina)
Synonyms: Acrilla (Ferminoscala) Dall 1908, Elegantiscala deBoury 1911, Epitonium (Ferminoscala) Dall 1908, Ferminoscala Dall 1908
Parent taxon: Epitoniidae according to B. Landau and C. Marques da Silva 2010
See also Addicott 1970, DeVries 2007, Durham 1937, Durham 1944, Dushane 1988, Eames 1952, Gardner 1947, Hickman 1980, Oleinik and Marincovich 2003, Olsson 1967, Perrilliat 1992, Pilsbry and Olsson 1941, Sepkoski 2002, Todd 2001, Turner 1938 and Zinsmeister 1983
Sister taxa: Aciculiscala, Acirsa, Acirsinae, Acrilla, Alora, Amaea, Belliscala, Cerithiscala, Cirsotrema, Clathroscala, Clathrus, Claviscala, Confusiscala, Crossotrema, Dannevigena, Eglisia, Epitomium, Epitoniinae, Epitonium, Filiscala, Gregorioiscala, Gryoscala, Littoriniscala, Mazescala, Murdochella, Narvaliscala, Notacirsa, Nystiellinae, Opalia, Opaliinae, Papuliscala, Pliciscala, Problitora, Pseudosassia, Scalaria, Sthenorytis, Turriscala, Variciscala, Australolaxispira, Funis
Subtaxa: Acrilla (Ferminoscala) aragoensis Acrilla (Ferminoscala) atwoodi Acrilla (Ferminoscala) becki Acrilla (Ferminoscala) berthiaumei Acrilla (Ferminoscala) dickersoni Acrilla (Ferminoscala) durhami Acrilla (Ferminoscala) pakistanica Acrilla (Ferminoscala) pinolensis Acrilla (Ferminoscala) tejonensis Ferminoscala durhami Scalina belti Scalina boylae Scalina brophyi Scalina brunneopicta Scalina cheneyi Scalina deroyae Scalina ferminiana Scalina foosei Scalina gardnerae Scalina isaacsoni Scalina kendacensis Scalina mitchelli Scalina pseudoleroyi Scalina retifera Scalina staminea Scalina tehuanarum Scalina trigintanaria Scalina waynensis Scalina whitei
Type: Scalaria staminea
Ecology: slow-moving low-level epifaunal carnivore
Distribution:
• Pliocene to Pleistocene of Ecuador (1 collection)
• Pliocene of Costa Rica (1), Ecuador (6), Jamaica (1), Panama (6), Peru (4), Venezuela (3)
• Miocene of Germany (21), Grenada (4), Mexico (3), the Netherlands (1), Panama (8), Peru (5), United States (1: California), Venezuela (1)
• Oligocene of Mexico (2), United States (20: Alabama, Alaska, Mississippi, North Carolina)
• Eocene of Pakistan (3), Panama (2), Peru (2), United States (58: Alabama, California, Louisiana, Mississippi, Oregon, South Carolina, Texas, Washington)
• Paleocene of United States (6: California, Texas)
• Cretaceous of United States (1: Texas)
Total: 160 collections including 170 occurrences
Specimen images are retrieved through the ePANDDA API.
Click image to enlarge. Click to access iDigBio record.