Parent taxon: Syntrophiidina according to J. Hansen and L. E. Holmer 2011
See also Benedetto 2003, Popov et al. 2005, Williams et al. 2002, Zhan et al. 2010 and Zhan et al. 2010
Sister taxa: Camerelloidea, Porambonitacea, Syntrophioidea
Subtaxa: Clarkellidae Eostrophiidae Huenellidae Syntrophiidae Tetralobulidae
Ecology: stationary epifaunal suspension feeder
Distribution:
• Silurian of Bolivia (1 collection)
• Whiterockian of United States (21: California, Nevada, Utah)
• Billingen of the Russian Federation (8)
• Arenigian of Argentina (3), China (10), the Russian Federation (1), United States (1: Nevada)
• Arenig of Argentina (2), Canada (1: New Brunswick), China (37), the United Kingdom (1), United States (4: Montana, Nevada)
• Dawan of China (11)
• Canadian of Canada (4: Northwest Territories), United States (3: Maryland)
• Ordovician of Argentina (5), Australia (2), Canada (16: Alberta, British Columbia, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Newfoundland and Labrador, Quebec), China (50), Iran (1), Ireland (1), Kazakhstan (3), Norway (3), the Russian Federation (15), South Korea (1), Svalbard and Jan Mayen (1), the United Kingdom (1), United States (61: Arkansas, California, Idaho, Missouri, Montana, Nevada, New York, North Dakota, Pennsylvania, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia)
• Skullrockian of United States (4: Utah)
• Ibexian of Canada (1: Alberta), United States (3: Nevada)
• Cambrian to Ordovician of the Russian Federation (2)
• Cambrian of Australia (2), Canada (1: Quebec), China (28), Iran (4), Kazakhstan (10), the Russian Federation (5), United States (7: Montana, Tennessee, Texas, Vermont, Wisconsin)
Total: 335 collections including 421 occurrences