Parent taxon: Trilobita according to J. M. Adrain 2011
See also Harrington and Leanza 1957 and Sepkoski 2002
Sister taxa: Aglagalia, Agraulaeva, Aguaraya, Aldonaiidae, Altajaharpes, Amechilus, Amgaspididae, Ampellatocephalina, Anacopodia, Antagmidae, Antatlaeva, Atopidae, Auritamidae, Avoninidae, Batchatiella, Bathynotidae, Beikedamaspis, Bergerolimbus, Burlingiidae, Changshaniidae, Chinensis, Corynexochida, Crossoura, Curiaspis, Cuyanaspis, Cyclolenzellina, Dalmanites troosti, Deltacare, Devonocoryphe, Edganocare, Elleria, Elleria morani, Ellipsocephaloididae, Ellipsuella, Entomostracites, Erbenochile, Eulomella, Eutrilobita, Fabulaspis, Faciura, Gentilaspis, Gigmpeltis, Goycoia, Harpetida, Helioproetoides, Holocephalinidae, Howelluella, Idiorapha, Ignotogregatidae, Indigestus, Irvingelloides, Ishpella, Isocolidae, Issafenia, Ityophoridae, Jamrogiidae, Jonotus, Juriietella, Kamlacus, Kanfuqingia, Leptopilus, Libristoma, Lichida, Llanoaspididae, Loxopeltis, Lusampa, Mapaniidae, Megalaspidicus, Meneghinella, Metapopristis, Monkaspididae, Moolatrilo, Moretaeva, Moretarva, Namanoiidae, Neochilonorria, Neomalungia, Neotaenicephalus, Nepeidae, Odontopleurida, Olenida, Onchonotopsidae, Opisthoparia, Orictocara, Otekmaspis, Otenaspella, Paichiashania, Paleoaethia, Parakingaspidoides, Pararania, Peculicephalina, Perissopyge, Piliolites, Pliomerellus, Poculicephalina, Polycyrtaspididae, Prodamesella, Proetida, Proparia, Pseudoacicaudus, Pseudoclelandia, Pseudocrecephalaspina, Pseudosalteria, Pseudosarkia, Pseudotermierella, Ptyttstrigis, Punctaspis, Redlichiida, Remopleuridacea, Repinaella, Resseria, Resseropsis, Rochaeva, Sarkiidae, Serksia, Serksioides, Sibiriopeltis, Sphaerocare, Spizharaspis, Stittaspis, Sukhanaspis, Sunaspididae, Taidonurus, Taplimella, Tazemmourtia, Thymurus, Toxotis, Trapezocephalina, Triarthrella, Trilobus, Tuberaspis, Tuyunaspis, Ulrickaspis, Utiidae, Westergardia, Winsteria, Wuaniidae, Zigzuella
Subtaxa: Calpmenella Calymenina Cheirurina Frenerinuroides Phacopina Sambremeusapis Typhloiscus
Ecology: fast-moving low-level epifaunal carnivore