Angiospermae - Aquifoliales - Aquifoliaceae
Full reference: C. Linnaeus. 1753. Species Plantarum 1-1200
Parent taxon: Aquifoliaceae according to Y.-S. Liu et al. 1996
See also Chauhan 1991, Kershaw et al. 2007, Knowlton 1919 and Lakhanpal et al. 1976
Sister taxon: Ilexpollenites
Subtaxa: Ilex affinis Ilex amboyensis Ilex armata Ilex borealis Ilex calvertensis Ilex cassine Ilex cornuta Ilex dakotensis Ilex dipyrena Ilex dissimilis Ilex elongata Ilex eolignitica Ilex florissantensis Ilex glabra Ilex grandifolia Ilex insignis Ilex integrifolia Ilex knightiaefolia Ilex leonis Ilex maculata Ilex masoni Ilex microphylla Ilex microphyllina Ilex opaca Ilex ovata Ilex papillosa Ilex prunifolia Ilex pseudostenophylla Ilex quercifolia Ilex scudderi Ilex severnensis Ilex sphenophylla Ilex strangulata Ilex subdenticulata Ilex verticillata Ilex vomitoriafolia Ilex wightiana Ilex wyomingiana
Ecology: "photoautotroph"
Distribution:
• Quaternary of Australia (20 collections), the Bahamas (1), India (10), Japan (1), Panama (1), United States (2: Florida, Virginia)
• Pliocene to Pleistocene of Italy (3)
• Pliocene of China (1), Germany (8), Japan (2), Panama (6), Portugal (9), United States (1: Florida)
• Miocene to Pliocene of Bolivia (1), France (1), Germany (1), Japan (1)
• Miocene of Azerbaijan (1), Brazil (1), Canada (1: Northwest Territories), China (2), Costa Rica (1), Germany (30), Japan (5), Panama (6), Poland (2), the Russian Federation (1), Switzerland (1), United States (14: Idaho, Maryland, Massachusetts, Nebraska, Vermont, Virginia)
• Oligocene to Miocene of United States (1: Maryland)
• Oligocene of Azerbaijan (1), the Czech Republic (1), Germany (2), United States (1: Virginia)
• Eocene of Japan (3), United States (4: Colorado, Missouri, Washington)
• Paleocene of United States (2: Colorado)
• Tertiary of Japan (2)
• Cretaceous of Canada (1: Alberta), United States (2: Utah)
Total: 154 collections including 188 occurrences
Specimen images are retrieved through the ePANDDA API.
Click image to enlarge. Click to access iDigBio record.