Full reference: M. A. Fedonkin. 1985. Precambrian metazoans: the problems of preservation, systematics and evolution. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, London B 311:27-45
Parent taxon: Metazoa according to A. Y. Ivantsov 2001
See also Fedonkin 1985
Sister taxa: Bilateria, Diploblastica, Homoblastica, Hyolithelminthida, Vertebrosa, Westgardia, Silicea, Oligoopilionus, Pentaradialomorpha, Cnidaria, Limacites, Parazoa, Dorfopterus, Atalotaenia, Tomaculum, Subtilicyathus, Bronicella, Eumetazoa, Helanoichnus, Khasaktidae, Protolyellia, Scenellopsis, Spygoria, Erniettomorpha, Megathrix, Lidaconus, Lomosovis, Silicispongea, Broccoliforma, Yelovichnus, Tetraradialomorpha, Deuteronectanebos, Petalonamae, Arboreomorpha, Tentaculitoidea, Persimedusites, Xidazoon, Muricassis, Yunnanomedusa, Evmiaksia, Epitheliozoa, Chondroplon, Euradiculata, Palaeacmaea, Eodiorygma, Odontogriphidae, Trichoplax, Kinzeriidae, Problematica, Gephyrea, Macrocypris kayi, Kuckaraukia, Bilaterialomorpha, Dictyorhabdus, Lazaichnus, Convolutubus, Ventogyrus, Hadryniscala, Kimberellomorpha, Yangtziramulus, Hadrynichorde, Goettingenia, Sentularia, Somatohelix, Triradialomorpha, Bomakellia, Chenmengella, Porifera, Siphonoconcha, Mesozoa, Gaojiashania
Subtaxa: Cephalozoa Dipleurozoa Vendiamorpha