Parent taxon: Batomorphi according to R. van der Laan 2019
See also Biddle 1993, Bogan and Agnolin 2010, Cahuzac et al. 2007, Cappetta 1980, Cappetta 1987, Case 1978, Case 1981, Casier 1966, Cicimurri and Knight 2009, Cicimurri et al. 2022, Claeson et al. 2013, Delsate 2003, Delsate and Candoni 2001, Dica et al. 1996, Everhart 2007, Forey et al. 2003, Johnston 1980, Kent 2018, Kriwet 2005, Kriwet et al. 2009, Kriwet et al. 2007, Landau et al. 2025, Long 2011, Maisch IV et al. 2025, Nelson et al. 2016, Peng et al. 2001, Purdy et al. 2001, Sepkoski 2002, Stumpf and Kriwet 2019, Tabuce et al. 2005, Underwood 2006, Underwood and Ward 2004 and Uyeno and Hasegawa 1986
Sister taxa: Archaeobatidae, Arthropteridae, Belemnobatidae, Enantiobatis, Myliobatiformes, Rhinopristiformes, Sclerorhynchiformes, Spathobatidae, Torpediniformes
Subtaxa: Anacanthobatidae Antiquaobatis Archingeayia Arhynchobatidae Crurirajidae Cyclobatidae Duwibatis Dynatobatis Engolismaia Erguitaia Erythrobatis Gurgesiellidae Hamrabatis Hypsobatidae Kiestus Oncobatis Ostarriraja Parapalaeobatidae Phosphatobatis Pristoidei Rajidae Rajoidei Rhina Rhinobatoidei Safagaia Sclerorhynchoidei Sechmetia Squatirhina Tanoutia Tomewingia Torpedinoidea Urobatis
Ecology: nektobenthic carnivore