Reptilia - Testudines - Testudinidae

All the material found prior to the Spanish Civil War, and commonly referred as the classic material of Testudo bolivari, was identified as lost and a neotype (STUS 352) from Coca was proposed (Jime&769;nez Fuentes et al., 1988). Prez-Garca & Vlachos (2014) re-discovered and re-described the material that was considered lost, defining a lectotype (the Alcal 2 individual) from the original syntype series. The various specimens of the lectotype have their own individual MNCN specimen numbers, listed in the Appendix of Prez-Garca & Vlachos (2014).

Alternative combinations: Centrochelys bolivari, Cheirogaster bolivari, Ergilemys bolivari, Geochelone (Geochelone) bolivari, Testudo bolivari

Synonyms: Cheirogaster richardi Bergounioux 1938, Testudo richardi Bergounioux 1938

Full reference: E. Hernandez-Pacheco. 1917. El problema de la investigación científica en España. Asociación Española para el Progreso de las Ciencias 2:63-93

Belongs to Titanochelon according to A. H. Lujan et al. 2017

See also Auffenberg 1974, Bergounioux 1938, Bourgat and Bour 1983, Chkhikvadje 1989, Hernandez-Pacheco 1917, Jimenez-Fuentes et al. 1988, Pérez-García 2017 and Pérez-García and Vlachos 2014

Sister taxa: Titanochelon bacharidisi, Titanochelon ginsburgi, Titanochelon kayadibiensis, Titanochelon perpiniana, Titanochelon schafferi, Titanochelon schleichi, Titanochelon vitodurana

Type specimens:

• Titanochelon bolivari: Alcalá 2 (MNCN 32771, 32773 and other 39 specimens), a partial skeleton. Its type locality is Barranco de los Mártires, Alcalá de Henares, which is in a Miocene terrestrial horizon in Spain.
• Testudo richardi: Lost. Its type locality is Barranc de Can Vila, which is in a MN 7 + 8 terrestrial horizon in Spain.

Ecology: ground dwelling herbivore-herbivore

Distribution:

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Specimen images are retrieved through the ePANDDA API.