Gastropoda - Neogastropoda - Turridae
Parent taxon: Turridae according to W. F. Ponder and A. Warén 1988
See also Beu et al. 1990, Bouchet et al. 2011, Bouchet et al. 2005, Scarponi and Della Bella 2003 and Wilson 1994
Sister taxa: Adelocythara, Amekicythara, Amuletum, Andicula, Awateria, Beretra, Borsoniinae, Cochlespirella, Cochlespiropsis, Cryptoconinae, Cryptogemma, Daphinellinae, Decollidrillia, Drillinae, Eopleurotoma, Eosurcula, Epalxis, Epidirella, Eucheilodon, Fusimilis, Gemmula, Genotia, Glabrocythara, Hemisurcula, Hesperiturris, Iotyrris, Kuroshioturris, Lepicythara, Lophiotoma, Lucerapex, Lurifax, Lutema, Lyrosurcula, Megasurcula, Michela, Muteluma, Nasavusavuia, Optoturris, Pachycythara, Parasyngenochilus, Perrona, Pleurofusia, Polystira, Procerapex, Protosurcula, Pseudoraphitoma, Ptychosyrinx, Remnita, Scalaturris, Scobinella, Sedilia, Sinistrella, Sullivania, Surculites, Surculoma, Trachelochetus, Trypanotoma, Trypanotopsis, Turridrupa, Turrinae, Turrinosyrinx, Turris, Unedogemmula, Vaughanites, Xenuroturris
Subtaxa: Boreodrillia Brachytoma Elaeocyma Nitidiclavus Tylotiella
Ecology: epifaunal carnivore
Distribution:
• Quaternary of India (1 collection), Mexico (1), United States (8: California)
• Pliocene to Pleistocene of Italy (1), United States (6: California)
• Pliocene of Ecuador (1), India (1), Italy (7), Japan (5), United States (1: California)
• Miocene of Denmark (1), Germany (37), India (3), Indonesia (1), Italy (1), Myanmar (5), the Netherlands (2), United States (1: California)
• Oligocene of Denmark (1), Myanmar (1)
• Eocene of France (1), Pakistan (2), the United Kingdom (2)
Total: 90 collections including 132 occurrences