Parent taxon: Bryozoa according to A. B. Smith and J. Xu 1988
Sister taxa: Dingeria, Dingeria depressa, Gymnolaemata, Phylactolaemata, Stenolaemata, Cycliophora
Subtaxa: none
Ecology: stationary epifaunal suspension feeder
Distribution:
• Permian of China (1 collection), New Zealand (1), Thailand (1)
• Westphalian of Spain (1)
• Pennsylvanian of United States (1: California)
• Osagean of United States (2: California)
• Carboniferous to Permian of United States (4: California)
• Carboniferous of Antarctica (1), Belgium (2), Ireland (1), Kazakhstan (1), Spain (5), United States (16: California, Kentucky, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia)
• Devonian of Spain (1), United States (1: Pennsylvania)
• Ordovician of the United Kingdom (1)
Total: 40 collections including 45 occurrences