Sphyrna zygaena Linnaeus 1758 (smooth hammerhead)

Chondrichthyes - Carcharhiniformes - Sphyrnidae

Alternative combinations: Cestracion zygaena, Squalus zygaena

Full reference: C. Linnaeus. 1758. Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis. Editio Decima 1:1-824

Belongs to Sphyrna according to L. Kocsis et al. 2019

See also Antunes 1978, Antunes et al. 1981, Arambourg 1927, Carrillo-Briceño et al. 2015, Case 1981, Cicimurri and Knight 2009, Hay 1902, Kocsis 2007, Landini et al. 2017, Landini et al. 2019, Maisch IV et al. 2025, Purdy et al. 2001, Ralte et al. 2011 and Uyeno and Matsushima 1974

Sister taxa: Sphyrna americana, Sphyrna arambourgi, Sphyrna denticulata, Sphyrna gibbesii, Sphyrna gracile, Sphyrna guinoti, Sphyrna integra, Sphyrna itoriensis, Sphyrna laevissima, Sphyrna lata, Sphyrna lewini, Sphyrna magna, Sphyrna media, Sphyrna mokarran, Sphyrna prisca, Sphyrna robustum, Sphyrna tiburo, Sphyrna tortilis

Type specimen: 1

Ecology: nektonic carnivore

Distribution:

• Quaternary of Japan (2 collections), United States (2: California)

• Pliocene of Libya (1), South Africa (1), United States (1: North Carolina)

• Miocene to Pliocene of Japan (1), Mexico (1), United States (1: Florida)

• Miocene of Algeria (1), Angola (1), Brunei Darussalam (1), Costa Rica (1), France (6), Hungary (1), India (1), Japan (1), Panama (6), Peru (4), Portugal (6), Slovakia (1), United States (2: North Carolina), Venezuela (3)

• Oligocene of United States (1: South Carolina)

• Eocene of United States (1: Georgia)

Total: 47 collections each including a single occurrence

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Specimen images are retrieved through the ePANDDA API.


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