PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Monilea (Monilea)

Gastropoda - Trochidae

Taxonomy

Monilea (Monilea) was named by Swainson (1840). It is extant.

It was assigned to Monilea by Swainson (1840), Ladd (1966).

Subtaxa

Monilea (Monilea) belcheri, Monilea (Monilea) lifuanus, Monilea (Monilea) marshallensis, Monilea (Monilea) mateana

Species lacking formal opinion data

Monilea caifassi, Monilea califera, Monilea calliferus, Monilea euclensis, Monilea haebaruensis, Monilea lifuana, Monilea nuclea, Monilea obscura, Monilea riorapelensis

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1840	Monilea (Monilea) Swainson p. 352
1966	Monilea (Monilea) Ladd p. 40

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Protostomia
—	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
phylum	Mollusca

Rank	Name	Author
class	Gastropoda
subclass	Vetigastropoda	(Salvini-Plawen 1980)
superfamily	Trochoidea	(Rafinesque 1815)
family	Trochidae	Rafinesque 1815
subfamily	Umboniinae	(Adams and Adams 1854)
genus	Monilea	Swainson 1840
subgenus	Monilea	Swainson 1840

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subg. Monilea (Monilea) Swainson 1840

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Monilea (Monilea) belcheri Philippi 1849

Monilea (Monilea) lifuanus Fischer 1878

†Monilea (Monilea) marshallensis Ladd 1966

†Monilea (Monilea) mateana Ladd 1934

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

aragonitec

Locomotion:

actively mobilef

Life habit:

epifaunalf

Diet:

grazerf

Vision:

limitedc

Created:

2009-09-10 08:47:02

Modified:

2009-09-10 10:47:02

Source: f = family, c = class

References: Hendy et al. 2009, Kiessling 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Early/Lower Miocene to the top of the Holocene or 23.04000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 15.98 Ma

Collections (8 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Early/Lower Miocene	23.04 - 15.98	Marshall Islands	Monilea marshallensis (77995)
Middle Miocene	15.98 - 11.63	Fiji	Monilea belcheri (68292) Monilea mateana (78064)
Messinian	7.246 - 5.333	Fiji	Monilea mateana (78060)
Late/Upper Pliocene	3.6 - 2.58	Indonesia	Monilea calliferus (70079) Monilea calliferus, Monilea sp. (70084)
Early/Lower Pleistocene	2.58 - 0.774	Marshall Islands	Monilea marshallensis (43338)
Holocene	0.0117 - 0.0	Marshall Islands	Monilea lifuana (77997)