PBDB Taxon

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Phanerotrema

Gastropoda - Murchisoniina - Phanerotrematidae

Taxonomy

Phanerotrema was named by Fischer (1885) [Sepkoski's age data: S Ludl-u C Bash Sepkoski's reference number: 797,1197]. It is the type genus of Phanerotrematidae.

It was reranked as Pleurotomaria (Phanerotrema) by Perner (1907).

It was assigned to Pleurotomariidae by Ulrich and Scofield (1897); to Pleurotomaria by Perner (1907); to Archaeogastropoda by Sepkoski (2002); and to Phanerotrematidae by Knight et al. (1960), Bouchet et al. (2005).

Species

P. australis, P. axion, P. balteata, P. cailliaudi, P. calliaudi, P. communis, P. consimilis, P. dolium, P. grimburgi, P. jugosum (syn. P. mcoyi), P. labrosa, P. lindstroemi, P. occidens, P. perryi, P. rugosa, P. volajensis

Synonyms

Pseudoscalites was named by Boucot et al. (1967) [A.J. Boucot and J.G. Johnson in; Sepkoski's age data: S Ldov-l S Ludl-u Sepkoski's reference number: 1197]. It is not extant. Its type is Pseudoscalites lindstroemi.

It was synonymized subjectively with Phanerotrema by Wagner (1999).

It was assigned to Archaeogastropoda by Sepkoski (2002).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1885	Phanerotrema Fischer
1897	Phanerotrema Ulrich and Scofield
1907	Pleurotomaria (Phanerotrema) Perner p. 4
1960	Phanerotrema Knight et al. p. 209
1967	Pseudoscalites Boucot et al.
2002	Phanerotrema Sepkoski
2002	Pseudoscalites Sepkoski
2005	Phanerotrema Bouchet et al. p. 130

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Protostomia
—	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
phylum	Mollusca

Rank	Name	Author
class	Gastropoda
subclass	Orthogastropoda
order	Murchisoniina
superfamily	Eotomarioidea
family	Phanerotrematidae
genus	Phanerotrema

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Phanerotrema Fischer 1885

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†Phanerotrema australis Etheridge 1891

†Phanerotrema axion Hall 1868

†Phanerotrema balteata Phillips 1841

†Phanerotrema cailliaudi Barrois 1889

†Phanerotrema calliaudi Barrois 1889

†Phanerotrema communis Billings 1866

†Phanerotrema consimilis Perner 1907

†Phanerotrema dolium Lindström 1884

†Phanerotrema grimburgi Frech 1894

†Phanerotrema jugosum Huxley and Etheridge 1865

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Invalid names: Phanerotrema mcoyi Longstaff 1924 [synonym]

†Phanerotrema labrosa Hall 1859

†Phanerotrema lindstroemi Boucot et al. 1967

†Phanerotrema occidens Hall 1867

†Phanerotrema occidens consimilis Perner 1907

†Phanerotrema perryi Rohr and Smith 1978

†Phanerotrema rugosa Longstaff 1924

†Phanerotrema volajensis Spitz 1907

†Pleurotomaria (Phanerotrema) labrosa alpina Spitz 1907

Invalid names: Pseudoscalites Boucot et al. 1967 [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

aragoniteo

Entire body:

yesg

Adult length:

10 to < 100g

Adult width:

10 to < 100g

Adult height:

10 to < 100g

Folds:

noneg

Ribbing:

minorg

Spines:

noneg

Internal reinforcement:

noneg

Locomotion:

actively mobileo

Life habit:

epifaunalo

Diet:

detritivoreo

Vision:

limitedo

Comments:

BODY SIZE: Data from Knight et al. (1960).g

Created:

2009-06-06 08:14:59

Modified:

2009-06-06 10:14:59

Source: g = genus, o = order

References: Bambach et al. 2007, Hendy 2009

Age range: base of the Rhuddanian to the top of the Kungurian or 443.10000 to 274.40000 Ma

Collections (52 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Rhuddanian	443.1 - 440.5	Canada (Nova Scotia)	P. jugosum (49822)
Rhuddanian	443.1 - 440.5	United Kingdom (Scotland)	P. mcoyi (73293) P. rugosa (72412)
Rhuddanian	443.1 - 440.5	Canada (Québec)	Pleurotomaria axion (172906)
Alexandrian	443.1 - 438.1	Canada (Québec)	Spirorapha communis (63786)
Aeronian	440.5 - 438.6	United Kingdom (England)	P. jugosum (56397)
Aeronian	440.5 - 438.6	Canada (Quebec)	P. lindstroemi (113152 158604 158608 159922 172937 172938 172941 172942)
Telychian	438.6 - 432.9	Canada (Quebec)	P. lindstroemi (159207)
Telychian	438.6 - 432.9	Sweden (Gotland)	Pleurotomaria labrosa (3972)
Telychian	438.6 - 432.9	Canada (New Brunswick)	Pseudoscalites lindstroemi (68834)
Telychian	438.6 - 432.9	USA (Iowa)	P. sp. (25015 25038 26763)
Sheinwoodian	432.9 - 430.6	Sweden (Gotland)	Pleurotomaria labrosa (3975)
Wenlock	432.9 - 426.7	USA (Iowa)	P. sp. (25019)
Wenlock - Ludlow	432.9 - 422.7	USA (Illinois)	P. sp. (26704)
Wenlock - Ludlow	432.9 - 422.7	USA (Wisconsin)	P. occidens (24944)
Wenlock - Silurian	432.9 - 419.62	USA (Wisconsin)	Pleurotomaria occidens (13069 13075 13104 13107)
Gorstian	426.7 - 425.0	Czechia (Středočeský (Central Bohemian Region))	P. sp. (106004)
Ludlow	426.7 - 422.7	Canada (Ontario)	Pleurotomaria occidens (14196)
Ludfordian	425.0 - 422.7	Sweden (Gotland)	Pleurotomaria dolium (13533)
Pridoli	422.7 - 419.62	Czechia (Praha)	Pleurotomaria occidens (155864)
Lochkovian	419.62 - 413.02	USA (New York)	Pleurotomaria labrosa (156989)
Lochkovian	419.62 - 413.02	Canada (Northwest Territories)	P. perryi (3733 3738 3745)
Pragian	413.02 - 410.62	Austria	Pleurotomaria grimburgi (154582)
Pragian	413.02 - 410.62	Czechia (Bohemia)	Pleurotomaria occidens, Pleurotomaria labrosa (104794)
Pragian	413.02 - 410.62	Australia (Victoria)	P. australis (40360 91431)
Emsian	410.62 - 393.47	France	Pleurotomaria cailliaudi (154581)
Emsian	410.62 - 393.47	Canada (Quebec)	Pleurotomaria labrosa (233202)
Late/Upper Emsian	399.5 - 393.47	Austria	Pleurotomaria grimburgi (26220)
Desmoinesian	312.8 - 306.0	USA (Kansas)	P. sp. (924 931 934 990 1004 1022)
Virgilian	303.7 - 298.9	USA (Texas)	P. sp. (1081)
Permian	298.9 - 251.902	USA (Alaska)	P. sp. (112194)
Kungurian	283.3 - 274.4	USA (New Mexico)	P. sp. a (233342)