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Aralia (spikenard)
Taxonomy
Aralia was named by Linnaeus (1753). It is extant. Its type is Aralia racemosa.
It was assigned to Araliaceae by Knowlton (1899), Knowlton (1919), Liu et al. (1996), Mabberley (2000), Zhu et al. (2015).
It was assigned to Araliaceae by Knowlton (1899), Knowlton (1919), Liu et al. (1996), Mabberley (2000), Zhu et al. (2015).
Species
A. berberidifolia, A. brittoniana, A. chinensis, A. coloradensis, A. concreta (syn. A. semiorbiculata), A. coriacea, A. cottondalensis, A. dakotana (syn. A. acerifolia), A. digitata, A. dissecta, A. eutawensis, A. formosa, A. gracilis, A. groenlandica, A. jorgenseni, A. lasseniana, A. looziana, A. macrophylla, A. masoni, A. mattewanensis, A. nassauensis, A. newberryi (syn. A. palmata), A. notata, A. nudicaulis, A. patens, A. polymorpha, A. quinquepartita, A. racemosa (type species), A. radiata, A. ravniana, A. rotundata, A. rotundiloba, A. saportana, A. serrata, A. serrulata, A. spinosa, A. stratosa, A. subemarginata, A. tenuinervis, A. towneri, A. triloba, A. veatchii, A. vernonensis, A. wardiana (syn. A. digitata), A. washingtoniana, A. wellingtoniana (syn. A. concinna), A. westoni, A. wrightii, A. zaddachi
Species lacking formal opinion data
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1753 | Aralia Linnaeus |
| 1899 | Aralia Knowlton |
| 1919 | Aralia Knowlton |
| 1996 | Aralia Liu et al. |
| 2000 | Aralia Mabberley |
| 2015 | Aralia Zhu et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Aralia Linnaeus 1753 [spikenard]
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†Aralia berberidifolia Lesquereux 1891
†Aralia brittoniana Berry 1903
Aralia chinensis Linnaeus 1753
†Aralia coloradensis Knowlton 1917
†Aralia coriacea Velenovsky 1884
†Aralia cottondalensis Berry 1919
†Aralia dakotana Knowlton and Cockerell 1919
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Invalid names: Aralia acerifolia Lesquereux 1883 [replaced]
Aralia digitata Roxburgh 1814
†Aralia dissecta Lesquereux 1883
†Aralia eutawensis Berry 1914
†Aralia formosa Heer 1869
†Aralia gracilis Lesquereux 1871
†Aralia groenlandica Heer 1882
†Aralia jorgenseni Heer 1883
†Aralia lasseniana Lesquereux 1888
†Aralia looziana Saporta and Marion 1878
Aralia macrophylla Lindley 1844
†Aralia masoni Lesquereux 1891
†Aralia mattewanensis Berry 1903
†Aralia nassauensis Hollick 1894
†Aralia notata Lesquereux 1878
Aralia nudicaulis Linnaeus 1753
†Aralia patens Newberry 1895
†Aralia polymorpha Newberry 1895
†Aralia quinquepartita Lesquereux 1875
Aralia racemosa Linnaeus 1753
†Aralia radiata Lesquereux 1883
†Aralia ravniana Heer 1882
†Aralia rotundata Dawson 1885
†Aralia rotundiloba Newberry 1895
†Aralia saportana Lesquereux 1875
†Aralia serrata Knowlton 1917
†Aralia serrulata Knowlton 1899
Aralia spinosa Linnaeus 1753
†Aralia stratosa Zhu et al. 2015
†Aralia subemarginata Lesquereux 1883
†Aralia tenuinervis Lesquereux 1883
†Aralia towneri Lesquereux 1875
†Aralia triloba Newberry 1868
†Aralia veatchii Knowlton 1917
†Aralia vernonensis Fontaine 1905
†Aralia washingtoniana Berry 1910
†Aralia westoni Dawson 1885
†Aralia wrightii Knowlton 1899
†Aralia zaddachi Heer 1869
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: p = phylum | |||||
| Reference: Kiessling 2009 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Late/Upper Albian to the top of the Late/Upper Pliocene or 106.30000 to 2.58000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 100.5 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 100.5 Ma
Collections (62 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Early/Lower Cretaceous | Canada (British Columbia) | Aralia wellingtoniana (31384) | |
| Albian | Canada (Alberta) | Aralia sp. (24840) | |
| Albian | USA (Kansas) | Aralia newberryi (102722) Aralia polymorpha, Aralia ravniana (29018) Aralia ravniana (102992) | |
| Middle Albian - Late/Upper Albian | USA (Virginia) | Aralia dubia (106317) | |
| Late/Upper Albian | USA (Montana) | Aralia wellingtonia (31171) | |
| Early/Lower Cenomanian | Canada (British Columbia) | Aralia parvidens (32026) | |
| Early/Lower Cenomanian | USA (Wyoming) | Aralia veatchii (31187) | |
| Late/Upper Cretaceous | USA (Wyoming) | Aralia veatchii (31382) | |
| Late/Upper Coniacian - Santonian | USA (Georgia) | Aralia eutawensis (28321) | |
| Paleocene | Canada (Saskatchewan) | Aralia coloradensis (45729) | |
| Paleocene | China (Heilongjiang) | Aralia sp. (223817) | |
| Eocene | Canada (British Columbia) | Aralia sp. (179231) | |
| Middle Eocene | USA (Wyoming) | Aralia notata (24091 24130 24137 24157 24198) Aralia notata, Aralia serrulata (24087) Aralia wrightii, Aralia sp. (35583) | |
| Rupelian | Russian Federation (Tiumensky) | Aralia pusilla (22849) Aralia sp. (22886) | |
| Rupelian - Chattian | Germany (Saxony) | Aralia haselbachensis (24922) | |
| Chattian | Russian Federation (Tomsk) | Aralia longisperma (23782) Aralia longisperma, Aralia rugosa (22889) Aralia longisperma, Aralia tertiaria (23891) Aralia longisperma, Aralia tertiaria, Aralia rugosa, Aralia crassa (23669) Aralia longisperma, Aralia tertiaria, Aralia rugosa, Aralia crassa, Aralia pusilla, Aralia chinensis (23663) Aralia pusilla (22888) | |
| Chattian | France (Bouches-Du-Rhone) | Aralia aquisextana (113682) | |
| Chattian | Germany (Sachsen) | Aralia dorofeevii, Aralia lusatica (24183 24534) Aralia lusatica (24533 26508) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | Russian Federation (Tomsk) | Aralia intermedia (23906) Aralia intermedia, Aralia lucida (23908) Aralia tertiaria, Aralia intermedia (23907) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | Russian Federation (Omsk) | Aralia intermedia (23894) | |
| Burdigalian | Germany (Bayern) | Aralia sp. (28280) | |
| Langhian | Germany (sachsen) | Aralia tertiaria (27519) | |
| Langhian - Serravallian | Poland (Silesia) | Aralia chinensis (28442) Aralia sp. (28443) | |
| Middle Miocene | Russian Federation (Omsk) | Aralia longisperma, Aralia tertiaria, Aralia depressa (24078) | |
| Serravallian | Germany (Brandenburg) | Aralia longisperma (23611) Aralia tertiaria (22899 23618) Aralia weissii, Aralia zaddachii (27512) Aralia zaddachii (23041) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene - Middle Miocene | Russian Federation (Omsk) | Aralia rugosa, Aralia lucida (24093) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Russian Federation (Omsk) | Aralia depressa (24098 24286 24317 24321) Aralia intermedia (24627) Aralia lucida (24094) Aralia lucida, Aralia depressa (24100) Aralia sp. (24287) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene - Early/Lower Pliocene | France (Elsass) | Aralia szaferi (21222) | |
| Zanclean - Piacenzian | Germany (Thuringia) | Aralia szaferi (22771) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | China (Yunnan) | Aralia stratosa (224540) | |
| Piacenzian | Germany (Thuringia) | Aralia szaferi (22778) |