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Acrolepidae
Taxonomy
Acrolepidae was named by Aldinger (1937).
It was assigned to Palaeoniscoidei by Nelson (2006); to Palaeonisciformes by Delsate et al. (2002) and Chrzastek (2008); to Actinopterygii by López-Arbarello et al. (2010); and to Elonichthyiformes by Bakaev et al. (2020).
It was assigned to Palaeoniscoidei by Nelson (2006); to Palaeonisciformes by Delsate et al. (2002) and Chrzastek (2008); to Actinopterygii by López-Arbarello et al. (2010); and to Elonichthyiformes by Bakaev et al. (2020).
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1937 | Acrolepidae Aldinger p. 32 |
| 1946 | Challaia striata Rusconi |
| 1949 | Challaia multidentata Rusconi |
| 1950 | Challaia cacheutensis Rusconi |
| 2002 | Acrolepidae Delsate et al. p. 37 |
| 2006 | Acrolepidae Nelson p. 91 |
| 2008 | Acrolepidae Chrzastek p. 230 |
| 2010 | Acrolepidae López-Arbarello et al. p. 254 |
| 2020 | Acrolepidae Bakaev et al. p. 306 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. †Acrolepidae Aldinger 1937
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G. †Acropholis Aldinger 1937
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†Acropholis kamensis Esin 1995
†Acropholis silantievi Esin and Mashin 1996
†Acropholis stensioei Aldinger 1937
G. †Mesonichthys Gardiner 1963
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†Mesonichthys aitkeni Traquair 1886
†Mesonichthys antipodeus Beltan 1978
G. †Namaichthys Gürich 1923
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†Namaichthys digitata Woodward 1891
†Namaichthys molyneuxi Woodward 1903
†Namaichthys schroederi Gürich 1923
†Namaichthys sculpta Egerton 1856
G. †Plegmolepis Aldinger 1937
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†Plegmolepis groenlandica Aldinger 1937
†Plegmolepis kochi Aldinger 1937
G. †Progyrolepis Fritsch 1893
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†Progyrolepis heyleri Poplin 1999
†Progyrolepis speciosus Frič 1875
†Progyrolepis tricessimalaris Dunkle 1946
G. †Watsonichthys Aldinger 1937
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†Watsonichthys lotzi Gürich 1923
†Watsonichthys pectinatus Traquair 1877
†Watsonichthys sphaerosideritarum Fritsch 1895
Invalid names: Challaia cacheutensis Rusconi 1950 [nomen dubium], Challaia multidentata Rusconi 1949 [nomen dubium], Challaia striata Rusconi 1946 [nomen dubium]
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| A. López-Arbarello et al. 2010 | Fusiform actinopterygians distinguished by the following combination of characters: suborbital bones present; postorbital plate of maxilla very large and trapezoid; more than 10 branchiostegal rays; operculum narrower than suboperculum; anteopercular bones present; height of anterior rays in median fins increasing rapidly posteriorly; small fringing fulcra, thick scales strongly ornamented with ganoin ridges, which are parallel or slightly anastomosing (characters based on own observations and partially Aldinger 1937, p. 254). |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
| References: Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988 | |||||
Collections (123 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Holkerian - Asbian | United Kingdom (England) | Elonichthys aitkeni (229813 229814) | |
| Visean | United Kingdom (Scotland) | Watsonichthys pectinatus (176673 230367) Watsonichthys sp. (21323) | |
| Asbian - Brigantian | United Kingdom (Scotland) | Watsonichthys pectinatus (230397 230416 230449 230456 230464 230467) | |
| Asbian - Brigantian | USA (Scotland) | Watsonichthys pectinatus (230375) | |
| Brigantian | United Kingdom (Scotland) | Elonichthys pectinatus (229842) Watsonichthys pectinatus (229839) | |
| Brigantian - Pendleian | United Kingdom (Scotland) | Watsonichthys pectinatus (230376) | |
| Pendleian | United Kingdom (Scotland) | Watsonichthys pectinatus (174421) | |
| Pendleian - Arnsbergian | United Kingdom (Scotland) | Watsonichthys pectinatus (229829) | |
| Serpukhovian | United Kingdom (England) | Elonichthys aitkeni (229865) | |
| Arnsbergian | Belgium | Mesonichthys aitkeni (228892) | |
| Bashkirian | United Kingdom (Scotland) | Mesonichthys aitkeni (230423) | |
| Bashkirian | United Kingdom (England) | Elonichthys aitkeni (230542 230546) Mesonichthys aitkeni (229797) | |
| Bashkirian - Moscovian | United Kingdom (Devon) | Elonichthys aitkeni (232961) | |
| Bashkirian - Moscovian | United Kingdom (Cornwall) | Elonichthys aitkeni (232960) | |
| Bashkirian - Moscovian | United Kingdom (England) | Mesonichthys aitkeni (230540) | |
| Westphalian A | United Kingdom (Scotland) | Mesonichthys aitkeni (227256 227257 227258 227259 227261) | |
| Westphalian A | Belgium | Mesonichthys aitkeni (228854) | |
| Westphalian A | United Kingdom (Lancashire) | Elonichthys aitkeni (225464) | |
| Gzhelian | Namibia | A. new genus, Namaichthys sp., Namaichthys new species, Namaichthys schroederi (131078) | |
| Gzhelian | Namibia (ǁKaras) | Namaichthys schroederi (230201) | |
| Stephanian B | Spain (Castilla–La Mancha) | Progyrolepis speciosus (230492) | |
| Stephanian B | Czech Republic (Central Bohemia) | Elonichthys sphaerosideritarum (227319 227324 227344 227351 227409 227414 227415 227416 227418 227425) Progyrolepis speciosus (227320 227323 227342 227345 227355 227422 227426 227456) Progyrolepis speciosus, Elonichthys sphaerosideritarum (227348 227357 227424 227453) | |
| Stephanian B | Czech Republic (Rakovník) | Progyrolepis speciosus (154179) | |
| Stephanian B | Czech Republic (Mladá Boleslav) | Progyrolepis speciosus, Elonichthys sphaerosideritarum (227311 227316) | |
| Stephanian B | Czech Republic | Progyrolepis speciosus (155305) | |
| Stephanian B | Czech Republic (Kladno) | Elonichthys sphaerosideritarum (227402) Progyrolepis speciosus (227335) Progyrolepis speciosus, Elonichthys sphaerosideritarum (227334) Watsonichthys sphaerosideritarum (227302) | |
| Stephanian B | Czech Republic (Plzeň / Pilsen North) | Watsonichthys sphaerosideritarum (227301) | |
| Stephanian B | Czech Republic (Liberec) | Elonichthys sphaerosideritarum (227460) | |
| Stephanian C | Czech Republic (Liberec) | Progyrolepis speciosus (227405 227406 227407 227408 227528) | |
| Stephanian C | Czech Republic (Ústí nad Labem) | Progyrolepis speciosus (227403) | |
| Stephanian C | Czech Republic (Central Bohemia) | Progyrolepis speciosus (227325 227343 227350 227421) | |
| Stephanian C | Czech Republic (Kladno) | Progyrolepis speciosus (227332) | |
| Asselian - Sakmarian | Uruguay (Northern Uruguay) | Gondwanichthys maximus, Mesonichthys antipodeus (232871) | |
| Asselian - Sakmarian | France | Progyrolepis speciosus, Progyrolepis heyleri (34797) | |
| Wolfcampian | USA (New Mexico) | Progyrolepis sp. (180106 180383 180384) | |
| Autunian | USA (Texas) | Progyrolepis tricessimalaris (124982) | |
| Artinskian | Namibia | Acrolepis lotzi (131110) | |
| Artinskian | South Africa (Northern Cape) | Acrolepidae indet. (231837) Watsonichthys sp. (231841 231842) | |
| Artinskian - Roadian | South Africa (Eastern Cape) | Namaichthys digitata (228430) | |
| Ufimian - Late/Upper Kazanian | Russian Federation (Udmurtia) | Watsonichthys sp., Acropholis sp., Acropholis stensioei, Plegmolepis sp., Palaeostrugia rhombifera, Acropholis kamensis (187322) | |
| Kungurian | Russian Federation (Komi Republic) | Acropholis stensioei (232603) | |
| Kungurian | South Africa (Western Cape) | Namaichthys digitata (228434) | |
| Kungurian | Russian Federation (Perm) | Acropholis sp., Plegmolepis sp., Palaeostrugia rhombifera, Acropholis silantievi (232601) Plegmolepis sp., Palaeostrugia rhombifera (232570) | |
| Roadian | USA (Texas) | Acrolepidae indet. (132079) | |
| Roadian | Russian Federation (Perm) | Acropholis stensioei, Acropholis kamensis (210714) | |
| Roadian | Russian Federation (Kazan) | Kasanilepis chupaevensis (232591) | |
| Roadian | Russian Federation (Samara) | Acropholis sp., Acropholis stensioei (232602) | |
| Roadian | Russian Federation | Acropholis stensioi (197601) Acropholis stensoiei, Palaeostrugia rhombifera (109484) Watsonichthys sp., Acropholis sp., Acropholis stensoiei, Acropholis kamensis (198777) | |
| Roadian - Wordian | Brazil (Sao Paulo) | Tholonotus braziliensis (232536) | |
| Urzhumian | Russian Federation (Orenburg) | Palaeostrugia rhombifera (87039) | |
| Urzhumian | Russian Federation (Chuvasia Republic) | Acropholis sp. (232564) Palaeostrugia rhombifera (232563) | |
| Wordian | Russian Federation | Acrolepis rhombifera (197593) | |
| Wordian | Zimbabwe | Acrolepis molyneuxi (131109) | |
| Early/Lower Severodvinian | Russian Federation (Chuvasia Republic) | Acropholis sp., Acrolepis rhombifera (232565) | |
| Late/Upper Severodvinian - Vyatkian | Russian Federation (Orenburg) | Acropholis stensioei (93030) | |
| Wuchiapingian | United Kingdom | Reticulolepis exsculpta (131704) | |
| Wuchiapingian | South Africa (Eastern Cape) | Palaeoniscus sculptus (131108) | |
| Wuchiapingian | Greenland | Acropholis stensioei (121972) Plegmolepis groenlandica (121974 121975) Plegmolepis kochi (121973) | |
| Wuchiapingian | Germany | Acrolepis exsculptus (140944 149471 149472) Reticulolepis exsculpta (130038) | |
| Ladinian - Carnian | Argentina (Mendoza) | Challaia magna, Challaia multidentata (117878) | |
| Norian | Argentina (Mendoza) | Challaia cacheutensis (117890) Challaia striata (117884) |