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Littorina
Taxonomy
Littorina was named by Ferussac (1821) [Sepkoski's age data: T Than-l R Sepkoski's reference number: 876]. It is extant.
It was reranked as Turbo (Littorina) by Munster (1841).
It was assigned to Turbo by Munster (1841); to Littorininae by Wilson (1993) and Marquet (1997); to Littorinidae by Holmes (1859), Martin (1904), Clark and Arnold (1923), Gardner (1948), Weisbord (1962), Olsson (1967), Ladd (1972), Kensley (1972), Ward and Blackwelder (1987) and Todd (2001); and to Neotaenioglossa by Sepkoski (2002).
It was reranked as Turbo (Littorina) by Munster (1841).
It was assigned to Turbo by Munster (1841); to Littorininae by Wilson (1993) and Marquet (1997); to Littorinidae by Holmes (1859), Martin (1904), Clark and Arnold (1923), Gardner (1948), Weisbord (1962), Olsson (1967), Ladd (1972), Kensley (1972), Ward and Blackwelder (1987) and Todd (2001); and to Neotaenioglossa by Sepkoski (2002).
Species
L. (Littorina), L. (Melaraphe), L. alta, L. aspera, L. coccinea, L. kneri, L. mariana, L. neritoides, L. obtusata (syn. L. lineolata), L. pittsburgensis, L. remondii, L. saxatilis (syn. L. rudis), L. scabra, L. schuttei, L. sheaferi, L. sookensis, L. subobesa, L. tuberculostriata, L. undulata, L. unifasciata (syn. L. diemenensis)
Species lacking formal opinion data
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1821 | Littorina Ferussac |
| 1841 | Turbo (Littorina) Munster |
| 1859 | Littorina Holmes p. 91 |
| 1904 | Littorina Martin p. 239 |
| 1923 | Littorina Clark and Arnold p. 165 |
| 1948 | Littorina Gardner p. 191 |
| 1962 | Littorina Weisbord p. 117 |
| 1967 | Littorina Olsson p. 39 |
| 1972 | Littorina Kensley p. 178 |
| 1972 | Littorina Ladd p. 14 |
| 1987 | Littorina Ward and Blackwelder p. 131 |
| 1993 | Littorina Wilson p. 146 |
| 1997 | Littorina Marquet p. 12 |
| 2001 | Littorina Todd |
| 2002 | Littorina Sepkoski |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Littorina Ferussac 1821
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Subg. Littorina (Melaraphe) Mühlfeld 1828
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†Littorina (Melaraphe) gibbosa Etheridge and Bell 1923
†Littorina alta Giebel 1856
Littorina aspera Philippi 1846
†Littorina coccinea Gmelin 1791
†Littorina kneri Giebel 1856
†Littorina mariana Arnold 1909
†Littorina mariana alta Arnold 1909
Littorina neritoides Linnaeus 1758
Littorina obtusata Linnaeus 1758
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Invalid names: Littorina lineolata Dautzenberg and Fischer 1915 [synonym]
Littorina pittsburgensis Clark 1915
†Littorina remondii Gabb 1866
†Littorina scabra Linnaeus 1758
†Littorina schuttei Giebel 1856
†Littorina sheaferi Olsson 1967
†Littorina sookensis Clark and Arnold 1923
†Littorina subobesa Cooper 1896
†Littorina tuberculostriata Clarke 1885
†Littorina undulata Gray 1839
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available