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Taxonomy
Ziphius was named by Cuvier (1824) [Sepkoski's age data: T Plio-l]. It is extant. It was considered monophyletic by Uhen et al. (2008) and Lambert et al. (2009).
It was assigned to Hyperoodontina by Gray (1846); to Delphinidae by Gray (1850) and Gray (1863); to Physeteridae by Palmer (1904); to Xiphii by Winge (1921); to Ziphiina by Moore (1968); to Ziphiini by Muizon (1990) and Bianucci et al. (1994); to Hyperoodontidae by McKenna and Bell (1997); to Cetacea by Pictet (1853) and Sepkoski (2002); to Ziphiina by Gray (1865) and Mead and Brownell (2005); to Ziphiidae by Gray (1866), Gray (1868), Ameghino (1889), Simpson (1945), Ellerman and Morrisson-Scott (1951), Sherman (1952), Scheffer and Rice (1963), Barnes (1977), Vidal (1991), Geisler and Sanders (2003), Lambert (2005), Agnarsson and May-Collado (2008), Whitmore and Kaltenbach (2008) and Uhen et al. (2008); and to Ziphiinae by Gill (1871), Gill (1872), Trouessart (1898), Trouessart (1904), Turner (1912), Zittel (1925), Weber (1928), Fraser and Purves (1960), Kasuya (1973), Rice (1998), Fordyce and de Muizon (2001), Bianucci et al. (2007), Lambert et al. (2009), Bianucci et al. (2010), Lambert et al. (2013), Ramassamy (2016), Marx et al. (2016), Lambert and Louwye (2016) and Lambert et al. (2018).
It was assigned to Hyperoodontina by Gray (1846); to Delphinidae by Gray (1850) and Gray (1863); to Physeteridae by Palmer (1904); to Xiphii by Winge (1921); to Ziphiina by Moore (1968); to Ziphiini by Muizon (1990) and Bianucci et al. (1994); to Hyperoodontidae by McKenna and Bell (1997); to Cetacea by Pictet (1853) and Sepkoski (2002); to Ziphiina by Gray (1865) and Mead and Brownell (2005); to Ziphiidae by Gray (1866), Gray (1868), Ameghino (1889), Simpson (1945), Ellerman and Morrisson-Scott (1951), Sherman (1952), Scheffer and Rice (1963), Barnes (1977), Vidal (1991), Geisler and Sanders (2003), Lambert (2005), Agnarsson and May-Collado (2008), Whitmore and Kaltenbach (2008) and Uhen et al. (2008); and to Ziphiinae by Gill (1871), Gill (1872), Trouessart (1898), Trouessart (1904), Turner (1912), Zittel (1925), Weber (1928), Fraser and Purves (1960), Kasuya (1973), Rice (1998), Fordyce and de Muizon (2001), Bianucci et al. (2007), Lambert et al. (2009), Bianucci et al. (2010), Lambert et al. (2013), Ramassamy (2016), Marx et al. (2016), Lambert and Louwye (2016) and Lambert et al. (2018).
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
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1814 | Epiodon Rafinesque |
1824 | Ziphius Cuvier p. 350 |
1841 | Hypodon Haldemann p. 127 |
1846 | Ziphius Gray p. 27 |
1850 | Ziphius Gray p. 70 |
1853 | Ziphius Pictet p. 384 |
1863 | Ziphius Gray p. 200 |
1864 | Aliama Gray p. 242 |
1865 | Petrorhynchus Gray p. 524 figs. 2 plates |
1865 | Aliama Gray p. 528 |
1865 | Epiodon Gray p. 528 |
1865 | Petrorhynchus Gray p. 528 |
1865 | Ziphius Gray p. 529 |
1866 | Ziphiorrhynchus Burmeister p. 94 figs. Plate III |
1866 | Epiodon Gray p. 339 |
1866 | Petrorhynchus Gray p. 341 |
1866 | Ziphius Gray p. 348 |
1868 | Epiodon Gray p. 9 |
1868 | Petrorhynchus Gray p. 9 |
1868 | Ziphius Gray p. 10 |
1871 | Ziphius Gill p. 126 |
1872 | Ziphius Gill p. 96 |
1889 | Ziphius Ameghino p. 887 |
1898 | Ziphius Trouessart p. 1061 |
1904 | Epiodon Palmer p. 267 |
1904 | Ziphiorrhynchus Palmer p. 715 |
1904 | Ziphius Palmer p. 716 |
1904 | Ziphius Trouessart p. 776 |
1912 | Ziphius Turner p. 77 |
1921 | Xiphius Winge p. 44 |
1925 | Ziphius Zittel p. 86 |
1928 | Ziphius Weber p. 389 |
1945 | Ziphius Simpson p. 102 |
1951 | Ziphius Ellerman and Morrisson-Scott p. 723 |
1952 | Ziphius Sherman p. 99 |
1960 | Ziphius Fraser and Purves p. 112 figs. Figure 26 |
1963 | Ziphius Scheffer and Rice p. 8 |
1968 | Ziphius Moore p. 276 |
1973 | Ziphius Kasuya p. 61 |
1977 | Ziphius Barnes p. 323 figs. Table 1 |
1990 | Ziphius Muizon p. 296 |
1991 | Ziphius Vidal p. 5 |
1994 | Ziphius Bianucci et al. p. 238 |
1997 | Ziphius McKenna and Bell p. 382 |
1998 | Ziphius Rice p. 86 |
2001 | Ziphius Fordyce and de Muizon p. 179 |
2002 | Ziphius Sepkoski |
2003 | Ziphius Geisler and Sanders p. 29 |
2005 | Ziphius Lambert p. 445 |
2005 | Ziphius Mead and Brownell p. 743 |
2007 | Ziphius Bianucci et al. p. 570 |
2008 | Ziphius Agnarsson and May-Collado p. 981 figs. Fig. 5 |
2008 | Ziphius Uhen et al. p. 580 |
2008 | Ziphius Whitmore and Kaltenbach p. 215 |
2009 | Ziphius Lambert et al. p. 919 figs. Fig. 10 |
2010 | Ziphius Bianucci et al. p. 1093 figs. Figure 14 |
2013 | Ziphius Lambert et al. p. 588 figs. FIgure 14 |
2016 | Ziphius Lambert and Louwye figs. Figure 3 |
2016 | Ziphius Marx et al. p. 130 |
2016 | Ziphius Ramassamy p. 398 figs. Figure 17 |
2018 | Ziphius Lambert et al. p. 151 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Ziphius Cuvier 1824
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Ziphius cavirostris Cuvier 1824 [Cuvier's beaked whale]
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Invalid names: Delphinorhynchus australis Burmeister 1865 [synonym], Delphinus desmarestii Risso 1826 [synonym], Epiodon chathamensis Hector 1873 [synonym], Epiodon cryptodon Gray 1868 [synonym], Hyperoodon capensis Gray 1865 [synonym], Hyperoodon doumetii Gray 1846 [synonym], Hyperoodon gervaisii Duvernoy 1851 [synonym], Hyperoodon semijunctus Cope 1865 [synonym], Ziphiorrhynchus cryptodon Burmeister 1866 [synonym], Ziphius australis Trouessart 1904 [synonym], Ziphius grebnitzkii Stejneger 1883 [synonym], Ziphius indicus Van Beneden 1863 [synonym]
†Ziphius compressus Owen 1870
Invalid names: Aliama Gray 1864 [synonym], Diodon Lesson [synonym], Epiodon Rafinesque 1814 [synonym], Hypodon Haldemann 1841 [synonym], Petrorhynchus Gray 1865 [synonym], Ziphiorrhynchus Burmeister 1866 [synonym]
Diagnosis
Reference | Diagnosis | |
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M. D. Uhen et al. 2008 | Broad deep cranium with high vertex; broad-based and relatively short toothless rostrum narrowing rapidly forward in posterior half; rostrum densely ossified, with deep prenarial basin, in adult males but not in females; large nasals overhang nares; single apical pair of mandibular teeth (based on True, 1910a, 1913; Heyning 1989b). |