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Palasterinidae
Taxonomy
Palasterinidae was named by Gregory (1899). Its type is Palasterina. It was considered monophyletic by Dean Shackleton (2005).
It was assigned to Palasterinacea by Schuchert (1915); to Phanerozonia by Withers and Keble (1934); to Gnathasterina by Lehmann (1957) and Owen (1965); to Hemizonina by Spencer and Wright (1966); to Hemizonida by Blake (1989); to Eopentaroida by Dean Shackleton (2005); to Asteroidea by Herringshaw et al. (2007); and to Euaxosida by Blake (2018) and Blake et al. (2020).
It was assigned to Palasterinacea by Schuchert (1915); to Phanerozonia by Withers and Keble (1934); to Gnathasterina by Lehmann (1957) and Owen (1965); to Hemizonina by Spencer and Wright (1966); to Hemizonida by Blake (1989); to Eopentaroida by Dean Shackleton (2005); to Asteroidea by Herringshaw et al. (2007); and to Euaxosida by Blake (2018) and Blake et al. (2020).
Subtaxa
Aerliceaster, Estoniaster, Eukrinaster, Jugiaster, Kolataster, Palaeosolaster (syn. Echinasterias, Echinostella, Echinodiscus), Palasterina (syn. Pseudopalasterina, Lindstromaster, Hisingeraster) (type genus), Petraster (syn. Uranaster), Schuchertia (syn. Trentonaster), Siluraster (syn. Caractacaster), Stibaraster
Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
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1899 | Palasterinidae Gregory p. 348 |
1915 | Palasterinidae Schuchert pp. 53, 138 |
1934 | Palasterinidae Withers and Keble p. 227 |
1957 | Palasterinidae Lehmann p. 99 |
1965 | Palasterinidae Owen p. 562 |
1966 | Palasterinidae Spencer and Wright p. U45 |
1989 | Palasterinidae Blake p. 213 |
2005 | Palasterinidae Dean Shackleton p. 71 |
2007 | Palasterinidae Herringshaw et al. p. 1225 |
2018 | Palasterinidae Blake |
2020 | Palasterinidae Blake et al. p. 736 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. †Palasterinidae Gregory 1899
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G. †Jugiaster Blake 2007
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†Jugiaster speciosus Miller and Dyer 1878
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Invalid names: Palaeasterina approximata Miller and Dyer 1878 [synonym]
G. †Palaeosolaster Stürtz 1899
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†Palaeosolaster gregoryi Stürtz 1899
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Invalid names: Echinasterias spinosus Stürtz 1899 [synonym], Echinodiscus multidactylus Stürtz 1899 [synonym], Echinostella traquairi Stürtz 1899 [synonym], Helianthaster roemeri Clarke 1908 [synonym]
†Palaeosolaster gyalum Clarke 1908
Invalid names: Echinasterias Stürtz 1899 [synonym], Echinodiscus Stürtz 1899 [synonym], Echinostella Stürtz 1899 [synonym]
G. †Palasterina McCoy 1851
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†Palasterina antiqua Hisinger 1837
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Invalid names: Palasterina bonneyi Gregory 1899 [synonym], Palasterina primaeva Forbes 1848 [synonym]
†Palasterina flemingtonensis Withers and Keble 1934
†Palasterina follmanni Stürtz 1890
†Palasterina marginata Lehmann 1957
†Palasterina maucheri Lehmann 1957
†Palasterina orchilocalia Herringshaw et al. 2007
†Palasterina stachi Withers and Keble 1934
†Palasterina taenibrachiata Lehmann 1957
†Palasterina tilmanni Lehmann 1957
†Palasterina umbonata Withers and Keble 1934
Invalid names: Hisingeraster Stürtz 1899 [synonym], Lindstromaster Gregory 1899 [synonym], Pseudopalasterina Stürtz 1890 [synonym]
G. †Petraster Billings 1858
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†Petraster americanus d'Orbigny 1850
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Invalid names: Asterias anthonii Dana 1863 [synonym], Palasterina jamesi Dana 1863 [synonym]
†Petraster angustior Withers and Keble 1934
†Petraster crozonensis Blake et al. 2016
†Petraster kinahani Baily 1878
†Petraster richi Withers and Keble 1934
†Petraster rigidus Billings 1857
†Petraster smythi McCoy 1874
Invalid names: Uranaster Gregory 1899 [synonym]
G. †Schuchertia Gregory 1899
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†Schuchertia junori Withers and Keble 1934
†Schuchertia laxata Schuchert 1915
†Schuchertia macrarta Withers and Keble 1934
†Schuchertia ordinaria Schuchert 1915
†Schuchertia sprinklei Blake et al. 2016
†Schuchertia stellata Billings 1857
†Schuchertia wenlocki Spencer 1922
Invalid names: Trentonaster Stürtz 1899 [synonym]
G. †Siluraster Jaekel 1903
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†Siluraster caemorensis Botting et al. 2011
†Siluraster ketleyi Spencer 1916
†Siluraster perfectus Jaekel 1903
Invalid names: Caractacaster Spencer 1916 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available