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Cyclocystoidea

Cyclocystoidea

Taxonomy
Cyclocystoidea was named by Miller and Gurley (1895). It was considered monophyletic by Smith and Paul (1982).

It was assigned to Echinozoa by Parsley (1981); and to Echinodermata by Smith and Paul (1982) and Boczarowski (2001).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1895Cyclocystoidea Miller and Gurley
1981Cyclocystoidea Parsley
1982Cyclocystoidea Smith and Paul
2001Cyclocystoidea Boczarowski p. 53

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
RankNameAuthor
—Ambulacraria
phylumEchinodermata
classCyclocystoideaMiller and Gurley 1895
classCyclocystoideaMiller and Gurley 1895

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Cl. †Cyclocystoidea Miller and Gurley 1895
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Fm. †Apycnodiscidae Boczarowski 2001
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G. †Apparatocycloides Boczarowski 2001
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†Apparatocycloides satanus Boczarowski 2001
G. †Brutocycloides Boczarowski 2001
+
†Brutocycloides cerebrum Boczarowski 2001
G. †Chimaerocycloides Boczarowski 2001
+
†Chimaerocycloides chimaerus Boczarowski 2001
G. †Concavocycloides Boczarowski 2001
+
†Concavocycloides eifeliensis Boczarowski 2001
†Concavocycloides frasniensis Boczarowski 2001
†Concavocycloides givetiensis Boczarowski 2001
G. †Linguacycloides Boczarowski 2001
+
†Linguacycloides trapes Boczarowski 2001
G. †Neocyclocystoides Boczarowski 2001
+
G. †Paradoxocycloides Boczarowski 2001
+
†Paradoxocycloides planus Boczarowski 2001
G. †Platycycloides Boczarowski 2001
+
†Platycycloides foraminis Boczarowski 2001
G. †Smithocycloides Boczarowski 2001
+
†Smithocycloides paulii Boczarowski 2001
Fm. †Cyclocystoididae Miller 1882
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G. †Actinodiscus Smith and Paul 1982
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†Actinodiscus wrighti Begg 1939
G. †Apycnodiscus Smith and Paul 1982
+
†Apycnodiscus insularis Regnell 1945
†Apycnodiscus salteri Hall 1866
+
Invalid names: Cyclocystoides anteceptus Hall 1872 [synonym]
G. †Cyclocystoides Salter and Billings 1858
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†Cyclocystoides halli Billings 1858
†Cyclocystoides latus Smith and Paul 1982
†Cyclocystoides scammaphoris Smith and Paul 1982
†Cyclocystoides tholicos Smith and Paul 1982
G. †Diastocycloides Smith and Paul 1982
+
†Diastocycloides stauromorphus Smith and Paul 1982
G. †Monocycloides Berg-Madsen 1987
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†Monocycloides oelandicus Berg-Madsen 1987
G. †Narrawayella Smith and Paul 1982
+
†Narrawayella cincinnatiensis Miller and Faber 1892
G. †Nicholsodiscus Glass et al. 2003
+
†Nicholsodiscus anticostiensis Glass et al. 2003
G. †Perforocycloides Ewin et al. 2019
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†Perforocycloides nathalieae Ewin et al. 2019
G. †Polytryphocycloides Smith and Paul 1982
+
†Polytryphocycloides grandis Smith and Paul 1982
G. †Sievertsia Smith and Paul 1982
+
†Sievertsia concava Smith and Paul 1982
†Sievertsia devonica Sieverts-Doreck 1951
†Sievertsia gotus Prokop 1980
†Sievertsia tartas Prokop 1980
G. †Zygocycloides Smith and Paul 1982
+
†Zygocycloides magnus Miller and Dyer 1878
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Invalid names: Cyclocystoides bellulus Miller and Dyer 1878 [synonym], Cyclocystoides minus Miller and Dyer 1878 [synonym]
†Zygocycloides marstoni Salter 1865
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Invalid names: Cyclocystoides caractaci Etheridge 1939 [synonym]
†Zygocycloides raymondi Foerste 1920
†Zygocycloides variabilis Smith and Paul 1982
Fm. †Moroccodiscidae Reich et al. 2017
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G. †Moroccodiscus Reich et al. 2017
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: high Mg calcitec
Ontogeny: accretion, addition of partsp
Environment: marinec
Locomotion: stationaryc
Life habit: low-level epifaunalc
Dispersal: waterp
Dispersal 2: planktonicp
Comments: LIFE HISTORY: Feeding mode unknown (? ref); suspension feeding excluded by Glass et al. (2003, J. Paleont. 77, 949); c
Created: 2009-05-17 02:20:57
Modified: 2009-10-06 09:19:17
Source: c = class, p = phylum
References: Aberhan 1992, Kiessling 2004

Age range: base of the Volkhov to the top of the Middle Frasnian or 471.10000 to 379.50000 Ma

Collections (79 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Floian477.7 - 470.0China (Hunan) Cyclocystoidea indet. (226639)
Volkhov471.1 - 469.2Sweden (Kalmar) Monocycloides oelandicus (99481)
Darriwilian467.3 - 458.4Morocco (Anti-Atlas) Moroccodiscus smithi (186253)
Early/Lower Llandeilo466.0 - 460.9Russian Federation (Siberia) Cyclocystoides sp. (9295)
Blackriveran457.3 - 449.6USA (illinois) Cyclocystoides halli (195626)
Blackriveran457.3 - 449.6USA (Illinois, Iowa) Cyclocystoides sp., Cyclocystoides halli (23431 23434)
Blackriveran457.3 - 449.6USA (Minnesota) Cyclocystoides sp., Cyclocystoides halli (23399)
Blackriveran457.3 - 449.6USA (Oklahoma) Cyclocystoides sp. (24101 24102)
Blackriveran - Rocklandian457.3 - 449.6USA (Illinois, Iowa) Cyclocystoides sp. (23454)
Blackriveran - Rocklandian457.3 - 449.6USA (Minnesota) Cyclocystoides sp., Cyclocystoides halli (23400)
Kirkfieldian457.3 - 449.6USA (Illinois, Iowa) Cyclocystoides sp. (23460)
Rocklandian - Kirkfieldian457.3 - 449.6USA (Illinois, Iowa) Cyclocystoides sp. (23457)
Rocklandian - Shermanian457.3 - 449.6USA (Minnesota) Cyclocystoides sp. (23402)
Shermanian457.3 - 449.6USA (Illinois) Cyclocystoides sp. (195615)
Shermanian457.3 - 449.6USA (Illinois, Iowa) Cyclocystoides halli (23477 23481 23486)
Shermanian457.3 - 449.6USA (Minnesota) Cyclocystoides halli (23092 23404)
Trentonian457.3 - 449.6USA (Missouri) Polytryphocycloides sp. (13157)
Chatfieldian453.8 - 451.0USA (Kentucky) Cyclocystoides sp. (99334)
Chatfieldian453.8 - 451.0Canada (Ontario) Cyclocystoides halli (26263)
Edenian451.0 - 450.2USA (Illinois, Iowa) Cyclocystoides sp. (23490) Cyclocystoides sp., Actinodiscus sp. (23494) Cyclocystoides spp., Actinodiscus sp. (23492)
Edenian451.0 - 450.2USA (Minnesota) Cyclocystoides sp., Actinodiscus sp. (23408) Cyclocystoides spp., Actinodiscus sp. (23405)
Edenian - Maysvillian451.0 - 449.6USA (Minnesota) Apycnodiscus sp. (23409)
Edenian - Maysvillian451.0 - 449.6USA (Illinois, Iowa) Apycnodiscus sp. (23521)
Maysvillian450.2 - 449.6USA (Iowa) Apycnodiscus sp. (13261) Cyclocystoides sp., Sievertsia sp. (13156)
Maysvillian450.2 - 449.6USA (Minnesota) Apycnodiscus sp. (23410)
Maysvillian450.2 - 449.6USA (Ohio) Cyclocystoides sp. (388 391)
Maysvillian450.2 - 449.6USA (Kentucky) Cyclocystoides sp. (76970)
Maysvillian450.2 - 449.6USA (Illinois, Iowa) Apycnodiscus sp. (23522) Cyclocystoides sp. (23524)
Maysvillian - Ashgill450.2 - 443.7USA (Ohio) Cyclocystoides sp. (389 390)
Richmondian449.6 - 445.5Canada (Ontario) Cyclocystoides huronensis (173169)
Richmondian449.6 - 445.5USA (Illinois, Iowa) Cyclocystoides sp. (23534)
Richmondian449.6 - 445.5USA (Ohio) Cyclocystoidea indet. (72851) Cyclocystoides magnus, Cyclocystoides minus (5326)
Richmondian449.6 - 445.5USA (Iowa) Cyclocystoides sp. (13200)
Rawtheyan448.8 - 445.2United Kingdom (Scotland) Actinodiscus wrighti (73134)
Rawtheyan448.8 - 445.2Canada (Quebec) Nicholsodiscus anticostiensis (34618)
Rhuddanian443.4 - 440.8USA (Illinois) Sievertsia sp. (26692)
Rhuddanian - Aeronian443.4 - 438.5USA (Iowa) Polytryphocycloides sp., Sievertsia sp. (26691)
Llandovery443.4 - 433.4USA (Indiana) Sievertsia sp. (13291)
Llandovery443.4 - 433.4USA (Iowa) Cyclocystoidea indet. (25041)
Telychian438.5 - 433.4Canada (Québec) Perforocycloides nathalieae (208790)
Sheinwoodian433.4 - 430.5USA (Indiana) Sievertsia sp. (26805)
Sheinwoodian433.4 - 430.5Sweden (Gotland) Cyclocystoides lindstroemi (162435)
Wenlock433.4 - 427.4USA (Indiana) Polytryphocycloides sp., Sievertsia sp. (26700 26778 26811) Sievertsia sp. (26787 26789 26792 26794)
Wenlock433.4 - 427.4Sweden Cyclocystoides insularis (162441) Cyclocystoides lindstroemi (162440)
Wenlock433.4 - 427.4USA (Tennessee) Sievertsia sp. (26788 26802)
Wenlock - Ludlow433.4 - 423.0USA (Tennessee) Sievertsia sp. (26817)
Ludfordian - Pridoli425.6 - 419.2USA (Oklahoma) Sievertsia sp. (26824)
Lochkovian419.2 - 410.8USA (Tennessee) Sievertsia sp. (26786)
Lochkovian419.2 - 410.8Czech Republic Sievertsia tartas (94439 94441)
Emsian407.6 - 393.3Poland (Kielecki) Linguacycloides trapes, Concavocycloides givetiensis (94468) Linguacycloides trapes, Neocyclocystoides neocyclocystoides, Paradoxocycloides planus, Concavocycloides givetiensis (94469)
Eifelian393.3 - 387.7Poland (Swietokrzyskie) Concavocycloides eifeliensis (94477)
Givetian387.7 - 382.7USA (Ohio) Sievertsia devonica (232692)
Middle Frasnian382.4 - 379.5Poland (Swietokrzyskie Voivodship) Platycycloides foraminis, Brutocycloides cerebrum (99450)
Middle Frasnian382.4 - 379.5Poland Smithocycloides paulii, Platycycloides foraminis, Apparatocycloides satanus, Concavocycloides frasniensis, Brutocycloides cerebrum, Chimaerocycloides chimaerus (99445)
Late/Upper Givetian380.2 - 382.7Poland Linguacycloides trapes, Concavocycloides givetiensis (83086) Linguacycloides trapes, Neocyclocystoides neocyclocystoides, Concavocycloides givetiensis (82739)