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Eumetopias jubatus (Steller sea lion)

Mammalia - Carnivora - Otariidae

Taxonomy
Phoca jubata was named by Schreber (1776). It is extant.

It was recombined as Otaria jubata by Gray (1844), Gray (1865), Gill (1866), Gray (1871), Ameghino (1889), Trouessart (1898), True (1909), Turner (1912) and Oliver Schneider (1926); it was recombined as Eumetopias jubata by Allen (1902), Kellogg (1922), Hay (1930), Scheffer and Rice (1963), Kurten and Anderson (1980), Deméré et al. (2003) and Wilson and Reeder (2005); it was recombined as Eumetopias (Eumetopias) jubata by Trouessart (1904); it was recombined as Eumetopias jubatus by Riedman (1990), Rice (1998), Cullen et al. (2014), Berta et al. (2018) and Tsuzuku and Kohno (2020).

Sister species lacking formal opinion data
E. ojiyaensis

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1776Phoca jubata Schreber
1844Otaria jubata Gray p. 9
1865Otaria jubata Gray
1866Otaria jubata Gill p. 7
1871Otaria jubata Gray p. 12
1889Otaria jubata Ameghino p. 343
1898Otaria jubata Trouessart p. 369
1902Eumetopias jubata Allen
1904Eumetopias (Eumetopias) jubata Trouessart p. 279
1909Otaria jubata True p. 148
1912Otaria jubata Turner p. 168
1922Eumetopias jubata Kellogg p. 106
1926Otaria jubata Oliver Schneider p. 145
1930Eumetopias jubata Hay p. 558
1963Eumetopias jubata Scheffer and Rice p. 2
1980Eumetopias jubata Kurten and Anderson p. 203
1990Eumetopias jubatus Riedman p. 58 figs. Table 2
1998Eumetopias jubatus Rice p. 30
2003Eumetopias jubata Deméré et al. p. 49 figs. Fig. 3.3
2005Eumetopias jubata Wilson and Reeder p. 592
2014Eumetopias jubatus Cullen et al. p. 1471 figs. Figure 1
2018Eumetopias jubatus Berta et al. p. 215 figs. Fig. 5
2020Eumetopias jubatus Tsuzuku and Kohno p. 7

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
—Theriamorpha(Rowe 1993)
—Theriiformes()
RankNameAuthor
—Trechnotheria
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Ferae()
—CarnivoramorphaWyss and Flynn 1993
—CarnivoraformesFlynn et al.
orderCarnivora
suborderCaniformiaKretzoi 1943
infraorderCanoidea(Simpson 1931)
superfamilyArctoideaFlower 1869
—PanpinnipediaWolsan et al. 2020
—Pinnipedimorpha
—Pinnipedia()
superfamilyOtarioidea
familyOtariidae()
genusEumetopias
speciesjubatus(Schreber 1776)

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Eumetopias jubatus Schreber 1776 [Steller sea lion]
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Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
N. Tsuzuku and N. Kohno 2020Eumetopias jubatus is the largest species in body size (about 3.3 m in males) among the family Otariidae. The upper and lower canines are large in males, particularly at the apical ends of roots that are almost evergrowing (less so in females). The mandible is long and the angle between the horizontal and ascending rami is large (about 130–140 degree) in contrast to the smaller angle of less than 130 degree in other genera and species. The masseteric fossa is deep and long, especially in older individuals. Postcanines are unicuspid with well-developed labial and lingual cusples at the base (modified from Brunner, 2004).