Basic info Taxonomic history Classification Included Taxa
Morphology Ecology and taphonomy External Literature Search Age range and collections

Cyrtosymbolinae

Trilobita - Proetida - Phillipsiidae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1953Cyrtosymbolinae Hupé
1960Cyrtosymbolidae Chernyheva p. 136
1963Cyrtosymbolinae Campbell and Engel p. 107
2005Cyrtosymbolinae Lerosey-Aubril and Feist p. 451
2015Cyrtosymbolinae Gandl et al. p. 42
2020Cyrtosymbolinae Basse and Lemke p. 210

Is something missing? Join the Paleobiology Database and enter the data

RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Ecdysozoa
—Panarthropoda
phylumArthropodaLatreille 1829
RankNameAuthor
subphylumArtiopoda(Hou and Bergstrom)
classTrilobitaWalch 1771
orderProetidaFortey and Owens 1975
superfamilyProetoideaHawle and Corda 1847
familyPhillipsiidaeOehlert 1886
subfamilyCyrtosymbolinaeHupé 1953
subfamilyCyrtosymbolinaeHupé 1953

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subfm. †Cyrtosymbolinae Hupé 1953
show all | hide all
G. †Balvibole Basse and Lemke 2020
+
†Balvibole kaufmanni Basse and Lemke 2020
G. †Calybole Richter 1927
+
†Calybole daihuanensis Yuan 1988
†Calybole similis Yuan 1988
G. †Chaunoproetus Richter and Richter 1919
+
G. †Chlupacula Hahn and Wunn-Petry 1983
+
Subg. †Chlupacula (Avenconia) Gandl et al. 2015
+
Subg. †Chlupacula (Chlupacula) Hahn et al. 1994
+
†Chlupacula (Chlupacula) xesta Hahn et al. 1994
†Chlupacula kedahensis Kobayashi and Hamada 1973
G. †Cyrtosymbole Richter 1913
+
Subg. †Cyrtosymbole (Cyrtodechenella) Richter 1950
Subg. †Cyrtosymbole (Cyrtosymbole) Richter 1913
+
†Cyrtosymbole (Cyrtosymbole) playfordi Feist and Becker 1997
+
Invalid names: Cyrtosymbole (Cyrtosymbole) lagowensis Hahn and Hahn 1975 [synonym]
Subg. †Cyrtosymbole (Pusillabole) Alberti 1973
†Cyrtosymbole bordjensis Alberti 1973
†Cyrtosymbole rectifrons Lerosey-Aubril and Feist 2006
G. †Cyrtosymbolina Basse and Lemke 2011
+
†Cyrtosymbolina nieensis Basse and Lemke 2011
†Cyrtosymbolina varica Alberti 1976
G. †Dushania Yin 1978
G. †Elliptophillipsia Hessler 1963
+
†Elliptophillipsia ellipticus Meek and Worthen 1865
†Elliptophillipsia rotundus Brezinski 2000
G. †Franconicabole Alberti 1976
+
G. †Haasproetus Baase 2007
+
†Haasproetus antedistans Richter and Richter 1926
†Haasproetus aprickensis Feist et al. 2000
†Haasproetus wildungensis Richter 1913
Invalid names: Haasia Yuan 1988 [replaced], Yuanjia Özdikmen 2009 [objective synonym]
G. †Helioproetus Richter 1919
+
†Helioproetus carintiacus Drevermann 1901
†Helioproetus costifusus Richter and Richter 1928
†Helioproetus pusillus Münster 1840
Invalid names: Pusillabole Alberti 1973 [synonym]
G. †Langgonbole Kobayashi and Hamada 1973
+
†Langgonbole vulgaris Kobayashi and Hamada 1973
G. †Osmolskabole Lerosey-Aubril and Feist 2005
+
†Osmolskabole neptis Chlupáč 1961
+
Invalid names: Osmolskabole prima Osmólska 1962 [synonym]
†Osmolskabole secunda Osmólska 1962
G. †Parachaunoproetus Yuan 1988
+
G. †Parangustibole Yuan and Xiang 1998
+
†Parangustibole glacensis Richter 1913
†Parangustibole sinensis Yuan and Xiang 1998
G. †Semiproetus Reed 1943
+
Subg. †Semiproetus (Anglibole) Archinal 1991
+
†Anglibole anglicus Richter 1913
†Anglibole archinalae Feist et al. 2000
Subg. †Semiproetus (Macrobole) Richter and Richter 1951
+
†Macrobole drewerensis longisuta Richter and Richter 1951
†Macrobole duodecimae Richter and Richter 1951
†Macrobole hercules Richter and Richter 1951
†Macrobole latipalpebrata Osmólska 1973
†Macrobole latipalpebrata sinensis Yuan and Xiang 1998
†Macrobole magna Yuan and Xiang 1998
†Macrobole orientalis Xiang 1989
†Macrobole orientalis longa Yuan and Xiang 1998
†Semiproetus (Macrobole) drewerensis Richter and Richter 1951
G. †Sinosymbole Yuan and Xiang 1998
+
†Sinosymbole janae Chlupáč 1966
†Sinosymbole mephisto Chlupáč 1966
G. †Skemmatocare Richter 1927
+
†Skemmatocare elegans Munster 1842
G. †Skemmatopyge Richter and Richter 1919
+
†Skemmatopyge tietzei Richter and Richter 1919
G. †Typhloproetus Richter 1913
+
Subg. †Typhloproetus (Silesiops) Chlupác 1966
+
†Typhloproetus (Silesiops) schindewolfi Richter and Richter 1919
†Typhloproetus laevis Xiang 1981
G. †Vittaella Alberti 1976
+
†Vittaella vitta Alberti 1976
G. †Waribole Richter and Richter 1926
+
Subg. †Waribole (Latibole) Hahn and Hahn 1969
+
†Waribole (Latibole) paprothae Hahn and Hahn 1969
†Waribole (Latibole) yishanensis Yuan and Xiang 1998
Subg. †Waribole (Waribole) Richter and Richter 1926
+
†Waribole (Waribole) qiannanensis Yuan and Xiang 1998
†Waribole (Waribole) warsteinensis Richter and Richter 1926
†Waribole granulata Osmólska 1962
†Waribole idyia Hahn et al. 1996
G. †Weyeraspis Hahn et al. 1995
+
Subg. †Weyeraspis (Canovesia) Gandl et al. 2015
†Weyeraspis bartzschi Hahn et al. 1995
†Weyeraspis weyeri Hahn et al. 1995
G. †Yishanaspis Yuan and Xiang 1998
+
†Yishanaspis xiakouensis Yuan and Xiang 1998
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: low Mg calcitec
Composition 2: chitinc
Ontogeny: molting, addition of partsc
Environment: marinec
Locomotion: fast-movingc
Life habit: low-level epifaunalc
Diet: deposit feedero
Vision: well-developedf
Created: 2009-12-19 02:34:58
Modified: 2009-12-19 04:34:58
Source: f = family, o = order, c = class
References: Aberhan et al. 2004, Whittington et al. 1997, Fortey and Owens 1999

Age range: base of the Famennian to the top of the Asbian or 372.20000 to 336.00000 Ma

Collections (118 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Early/Lower Famennian376.1 - 370.6Germany (Nordrhein-Westfalen) Cyrtosymbolina nieensis (229232)
Early/Lower Famennian376.1 - 370.6Germany Proetus dillensis (223449)
Early/Lower Famennian376.1 - 370.6Morocco Cyrtosymbole sp., Cyrtosymbole rectifrons (174648) Cyrtosymbole varica (229233)
Early/Lower Famennian376.1 - 370.6Czech Republic (Moravia) Osmolskabole neptis (223422)
Famennian372.2 - 358.9Malaysia (Langkawi Islands) Macrobole kedahensis, Langgonbole vulgaris (218988)
Famennian372.2 - 358.9China (Guangxi) Sinosymbole guangxiensis (229268)
Famennian372.2 - 358.9Poland Cyrtosymbole radiata, Cyrtosymbole warsteinensis (217139) Cyrtosymbole sp. b, Cyrtosymbole radiata, Cyrtosymbole warsteinensis, Cyrtosymbole granulata (217138)
Middle Famennian370.6 - 364.7Australia (Western Australia) Cyrtosymbole playfordi (223580)
Middle Famennian - Late/Upper Famennian370.6 - 360.7Iran Cyrtosymbole pusilla, Cyrtosymbole iranica (223440)
Middle Famennian - Late/Upper Famennian370.6 - 360.7Poland (Swietokrzyskie) Cyrtosymbole sp. a, Cyrtosymbole pusilla (223444)
Late/Upper Famennian364.7 - 360.7Germany Balvibole kaufmanni, Helioproetus costifusus (229492) Balvibole kaufmanni, Helioproetus subcarintiacus (172510) Chaunoproetus palensis, Helioproetus subcarintiacus, Semiproetus anglicus (181336) Chaunoproetus sp., Chaunoproetus tietzei, Haasia antedistans, Waribole warsteinensis, Helioproetus subcarintiacus (218983 218984) Chaunoproetus sp., Haasia antedistans, Waribole warsteinensis (218982) Chaunoproetus sp., Typhloproetus n. sp., Haasia wildungensis, Chaunoproetus tietzei, Haasia antedistans, Waribole warsteinensis, Silesiops schindewolfi (218985) Haasia antedistans (218981) Haasproetus aprickensis, Anglibole archinalae (229402) Haasproetus sp., Helioproetus costifusus, Chaunoproetus sp. (229399) Haasproetus sp., Helioproetus subcarintiacus (229400) Otarion elegans (181333) Skemmatopyge tietzei, Chaunoproetus palensis, Helioproetus subcarintiacus (229401) Skemmatopyge tietzei, Haasproetus aprickensis, Helioproetus subcarintiacus (229396) Waribole warsteinensis (229263)
Late/Upper Famennian364.7 - 360.7Iran Cyrtosymbole niazensis (223428)
Late/Upper Famennian364.7 - 360.7Czech Republic Cyrtosymbole mephisto, Drevermannia asperula, Perliproetus janae (218975)
Late/Upper Famennian364.7 - 360.7Poland (Swietokrzyskie) Cyrtosymbole prima (223415) Cyrtosymbole secunda (223416)
Late/Upper Famennian364.7 - 360.7Morocco Archegonus prima (223413) Osmolskabole prima (223414)
Late/Upper Famennian364.7 - 360.7China (Guizhou) Chaunoproetus sp. (218956) Sinosymbole sp. (218959 218960 218961 218962 218963 218964 218965 218966) Typhloproetus laevis, Chaunoproetus daihuaensis (3954)
Late/Upper Famennian364.7 - 360.7Germany (Sauerland) Chaunoproetus tietzei, Typhloproetus schindewolfi, Haasia aprickensis, Helioproetus costifusus, Chaunoproetus palensis, Anglibole archinalae, Helioproetus carintiacus, Typhloproetus korni (172534)
Late/Upper Famennian364.7 - 360.7China (Guangxi) Parangustibole sinensis, Yishanaspis xiakouensis, Waribole yishanensis (222336 222337) Sinosymbole guangxiensis, Parangustibole sinensis, Yishanaspis xiakouensis, Waribole yishanensis (222338)
Late/Upper Famennian364.7 - 360.7France Helioproetus subcarintiacus (38641)
Late/Upper Famennian364.7 - 360.7Germany (Nordrhein-Westfalen) Chaunoproetus palensis, Helioproetus subcarintiacus (219039 219040) Chaunoproetus palensis, Helioproetus subcarintiacus, Semiproetus anglicus (219036) Chaunoproetus stockumensis (229358) Chaunoproetus tietzei, Chaunoproetus palensis, Helioproetus subcarintiacus (219038) Chaunoproetus tietzei, Chaunoproetus palensis, Helioproetus subcarintiacus, Semiproetus anglicus (219037) Cyrtosymbole drewerensis, Semiproetus sp. (229359) Haasia wildungensis, Chaunoproetus tietzei, Chaunoproetus palensis, Helioproetus subcarintiacus, Semiproetus anglicus (38645)
Late/Upper Famennian364.7 - 360.7Austria Chaunoproetus palensis, Helioproetus carintiacus, Typhloproetus korni (42406) Chaunoproetus palensis, Typhloproetus korni (38608) Haasia antedistans, Chaunoproetus carnicus (38602 42403) Haasia antedistans, Helioproetus carintiacus, Typhloproetus korni, Chaunoproetus carnicus (38600 42402) Helioproetus carintiacus (38599) Helioproetus subcarintiacus (42401) Helioproetus subcarintiacus, Helioproetus carintiacus, Typhloproetus korni (42405) Helioproetus subcarintiacus, Typhloproetus korni, Chaunoproetus carnicus (38603) Typhloproetus sp., Helioproetus ebersdorfensis, Haasia antedistans, Helioproetus subcarintiacus, Helioproetus carintiacus, Chaunoproetus carnicus (38596) Typhloproetus sp., Helioproetus ebersdorfensis, Haasia antedistans, Helioproetus subcarintiacus, Helioproetus carintiacus, Typhloproetus korni, Chaunoproetus carnicus (42404)
Hastarian358.9 - 353.8Germany (Thuringia) Weyeraspis bartzschi (37225) Weyeraspis bartzschi, Weyeraspis weyeri (37226)
Hastarian358.9 - 353.8China (Guangxi) Macrobole nanbiancunensis (222340 222342) Macrobole nanbiancunensis, Macrobole magna (222341)
Hastarian358.9 - 353.8Poland Phillibole drewerensis (218771) Waribole sp. 2, Phillibole drewerensis (218770)
Hastarian358.9 - 353.8Germany Semiproetus drewerensis, Semiproetus duodecimae (38648) Weyeraspis bartzschi, Weyeraspis weyeri (42857)
Hastarian358.9 - 353.8Germany (Nordrhein-Westfalen) Semiproetus drewerensis (38646 229363) Semiproetus sp. (229361)
Hastarian358.9 - 353.8China (Guizhou) Dushania sp. (218953 218976) Macrobole drewerensis, Macrobole latipalpebrata, Macrobole orientalis, Macrobole longisuta, Macrobole longa (218974) Macrobole drewerensis, Macrobole orientalis, Macrobole longisuta, Macrobole longa, Macrobole latipalpebrata (218977) Macrobole latipalpebrata (218950) Waribole qiannanensis (218945 218946)
Hastarian358.9 - 353.8France Semiproetus crispus, Semiproetus drewerensis (38642)
Hastarian358.9 - 353.8Austria Chlupacula assnitzensis, Chlupacula xesta (37220) Semiproetus brevis (38614 38616 42414 42416) Semiproetus drewerensis (38612 42415) Semiproetus drewerensis, Semiproetus brevis (38615)
Hastarian358.9 - 353.8United Kingdom (England) Phillibole duodecimae, Phillibole hercules (229584 229586)
Kinderhookian358.9 - 352.0USA (Missouri) Elliptophillipsia ellipticus (7389) Elliptophillipsia rotundus (64792)
Tournaisian358.9 - 346.7Germany (Nordrhein-Westfalen) Semiproetus drewerensis (38644)
Mississippian358.9 - 323.2USA (California) Proetus ellipticus (214521)
Ivorian353.8 - 346.7Poland Typhloproetus angustigenalis, Cyrtosymbole laticampa (216570)
Ivorian353.8 - 346.7Germany Archegonus paprothae (37133) Chlupacula morator (37189) Waribole granulifera (37187) Waribole idyia, Chlupacula atela (37190)
Ivorian353.8 - 346.7Spain (Léon) Cyrtosymbole morata, Cyrtosymbole sp. (67110)
Ivorian353.8 - 346.7Spain (León) Cyrtosymbole sp. (67111)
Ivorian353.8 - 346.7Czech Republic Cyrtosymbole vigilax, Cyrtosymbole sp., Cyrtosymbole granifera (67220) Semiproetus drewerensis (138585)
Ivorian - Chadian353.8 - 340.0Ireland Cyrtosymbole sp. (76515)
Arundian - Holkerian346.7 - 340.0Ireland Cyrtosymbole colei (76517)
Chadian346.7 - 340.0Germany Waribole oxylophata, Waribole steedenensis (37185)
Visean346.7 - 330.9Japan (Okayama-ken) Waribole sp. indet. (79495)
Asbian340.0 - 336.0Spain (Catalonia) Chlupacula avenconis, Chlupacula greilingi, Chlupacula canpuigensis (229173) Chlupacula canpuigensis (229168) Weyeraspis canovesensis, Chlupacula avenconis, Chlupacula canpuigensis (229178)