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Taxonomy
Columnariina was named by Rominger (1876). It is not extant.
It was assigned to Stauriida by Hill (1981); and to Rugosa by Hill (1956) and Sando (1983).
It was assigned to Stauriida by Hill (1981); and to Rugosa by Hill (1956) and Sando (1983).
Synonymy list
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Subor. †Columnariina Rominger 1876
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Fm. †Acervulariidae Fromentel 1861
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G. †Acervularia Schweigger 1819
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†Acervularia pentagona Goldfuss 1826
†Acervularia profunda Hall 1858
Invalid names: Arachnium Keyserling 1846 [synonym], Cyathogonium Chapman 1893 [synonym], Favastrea Blainville 1834 [synonym], Floscularia Eichwald 1829 [synonym], Rhabdophyllum Wedekind 1927 [synonym]
G. †Diplophyllum Hall 1851
G. †Oliveria Sutherland 1965
G. †Rhapidophyllum Lindström 1882
Fm. †Acrocyathidae Sando 1983
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G. †Acrocyathus d'Orbigny 1849
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†Acrocyathus cystosus Zhizhina in Bul'vanker and others 1960
†Acrocyathus floriformis floriformis d'Orbigny 1849
†Acrocyathus girtyi Hayasaka 1936
†Acrocyathus grechovkae Degtyarev 1973
†Acrocyathus hsujiulingi Yoh 1961
†Acrocyathus lissitzini Zhizhina in Bul'vanker and others 1960
†Acrocyathus pennsylvanicus Shimer 1926
†Acrocyathus pilatus Sando 1983
†Acrocyathus proliferus Hall in Hall and Whitney 1858
†Acrocyathus rotai Zhizhina in Bul'vanker and others 1960
†Acrocyathus shimeri Crickmay 1955
†Acrocyathus unicus Yabe and Hayasaka 1915
†Acrocyathus utkae Degtyarev 1973
†Acrocyathus zhizhinae Vasilyuk 1960
Fm. †Columnariidae Nicholson 1879
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G. †Circumtextiphyllum Kaplan 1971
G. †Columnaria Goldfuss 1826
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†Columnaria alveolata Goldfuss 1826
†Columnaria kuallomatensis Tyazheva et al. 1976
†Columnaria parva Billings 1859
G. †Planetophyllum Crickmay 1960
G. †Spasskyella Tsyganko 1977
Fm. †Disphyllidae Hill 1939
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G. †Billingsastraea Grabau 1917
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†Billingsastraea billingsi Calvin 1893
†Billingsastraea nevadensis Stumm 1937
†Billingsastraea nevadensis arachne Merriam 1974
Invalid names: Asterocycles Van-Uxem 1842 [synonym]
G. †Cantabriastraea Schröder and Soto 2003
G. †Diffusolasma Wrzolek 1992
Subfm. †Disphyllinae Hill 1939
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G. †Aphraxonia Uensalaner 1951
G. †Chalcidophyllum Pedder 1965
G. †Disphyllum Fromentel 1861
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†Disphyllum caespitosum Goldfuss 1826
†Disphyllum conjugans Sorauf 1998
†Disphyllum hockingi Brownlaw and Jell 2008
†Disphyllum incomptum Hill and Jell 1970
†Disphyllum intermedium Kong 1978
†Disphyllum intertextum Hill 1954
†Disphyllum iowensis Sorauf 1998
†Disphyllum murum Brownlaw and Jell 2008
†Disphyllum nevadense Stumm 1937
†Disphyllum paracouvinense Zhen 1995
†Disphyllum patulum Brownlaw and Jell 2008
†Disphyllum virgatum Hinde 1890
Invalid names: Ceratinella Soshkina 1941 [synonym], Megaphyllum Soshkina 1939 [synonym], Pseudostringophyllum Soshkina 1939 [synonym]
G. †Dushanophrentis Yü et al. 1974
G. †Eoglossophyllum Yü 1974
G. †Hemiaulacophyllum Kravtsov 1975
G. †Hillastraea Brownlaw and Jell 1997
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†Hillastraea floriformis Hill 1954
†Hillastraea georgeae Brownlaw and Jell 1997
G. †Kunthia Schlüter 1885
G. †Minussiella Bulvanker 1952
G. †Pseudocampophyllum Ivanovskiy 1958
Subfm. †Hexagonariinae Bulvanker 1958
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G. †Hexagonaria Gürich 1896
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†Hexagonaria davidsoni Milne-Edwards and Haime 1851
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Invalid names: Acervularia bassleri Webster and Fenton 1924 [synonym]
†Hexagonaria hexagona Goldfuss 1826
†Hexagonaria reedi Schroeder and Leleshus 2002
Invalid names: Hexagoniophyllum Gürich 1909 [synonym], Polyphyllum Fromentel 1861 [synonym]
G. †Marisastrum Rozkowska 1965
G. †Pantophyllum Lakhov 1982
Subfm. †Paradisphyllinae Jell 1969
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G. †Exilifrons Crickmay 1968
G. †Gurievskiella Zheltonogova 1961
G. †Ivdelephyllum Spasskiy 1971
G. †Martinophyllum Jell and Pedder 1969
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†Martinophyllum miriamae May and Rodríguez 2012
†Martinophyllum ornatum Jell and Pedder 1969
G. †Paradisphyllum Strusz 1965
G. †Xystrigona Yü 1974
G. †Xystriphylloides Yü 1974
Subfm. †Spongonariinae Crickmay 1962
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G. †Breviseptophyllum Ermakova 1960
G. †Disphyllia He 1978
G. †Spongonaria Crickmay 1962
G. †Tropidophyllum Pedder 1971
G. †Utaratuia Crickmay 1960
G. †Variseptophyllum Kong 1978
G. †Zelolasma Pedder 1964
Fm. †Durhaminidae Minato and Kato 1965
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G. †Cordillerastraea Fedorowski et al. 2007
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†Cordillerastraea complexa Fedorowski et al. 2007
†Cordillerastraea inyoensis Stevens and Stone 2009
†Cordillerastraea nevadaensis Stevens 1967
G. †Durhamina Wilson and Langenheim, Jr. 1962
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†Durhamina alaskaensis Rowett 1969
†Durhamina chocalensis Rowett and Walper 1972
†Durhamina cordillerensis Easton 1960
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Invalid names: Dibunophyllum hessensis Ross and Ross 1962 [synonym]
†Durhamina fletcheri Wilson 1982
†Durhamina moormanensis Stevens 1967
†Durhamina pandolfi Wilson 1990
†Durhamina primitiva Stevens 2008
†Durhamina richi Wilson 1991
†Durhamina snyderi Stevens 2008
†Durhamina sublaeve Meek 1864
†Durhamina suzukensis Yamagiwa and Isobe 1991
G. †Iskutella Fedorowski et al. 2007
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†Iskutella fergusoni Wilson 1982
†Iskutella gunningi Fedorowski et al. 2007
†Iskutella stikinensis Fedorowski et al. 2007
†Iskutella sulensis Kossovaya 1997
G. †Minatoa Flügel 1974
G. †Pamirophyllum Pyzhyanov 1971
G. †Pararachnastraea Stevens and Rycerski 1989
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†Pararachnastraea amsburyi Stevens 1995
†Pararachnastraea bellula Stevens and Stone 2009
†Pararachnastraea delicata Stevens and Stone 2009
†Pararachnastraea dyeri Stevens 1995
†Pararachnastraea gracilis Dobrolyubova 1941
†Pararachnastraea illipahensis Easton 1960
†Pararachnastraea integrata Kossovaya 1997
†Pararachnastraea kabyaiensis Kawamura and Stevens 2012
†Pararachnastraea klamathensis Kawamura and Stevens 2012
†Pararachnastraea lewisi Stevens and Rycerski 1989
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Invalid names: Kleopatrina stikinensis Stevens and Rycerski 1989 [synonym]
†Pararachnastraea lyallensis Fedorowski et al. 2007
†Pararachnastraea mckibbinae Wilson 1982
†Pararachnastraea moormanensis Stevens 2010
†Pararachnastraea owensensis Stevens and Stone 2009
†Pararachnastraea peggyae Wilson 1982
†Pararachnastraea stylidophylloides Dobrolyubova 1941
†Pararachnastraea tschernyschewi Minato 1960
†Pararachnastraea watkinsi Kawamura and Stevens 2012
†Pararachnastraea wilsoni Fedorowski et al. 2007
Invalid names: Pararachnastraea Stevens and Rycerski 1989 [objective synonym]
G. †Protodurhamina Kozyreva 1978
G. †Pseudocystophora Kossovaya 1997
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†Pseudocystophora complexa Dobrolyubova 1936
†Pseudocystophora delicata Dobrolyubova 1941
†Pseudocystophora dobrolyubovae Minato and Kato 1965
†Pseudocystophora fryi Wilson 1982
†Pseudocystophora pseudowischeriana Porfiriev 1941
†Pseudocystophora sakmarensis Kossovaya 1997
†Pseudocystophora wilsoni Stevens 2009
G. †Sandolasma Fedorowski et al. 2007
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†Sandolasma buttense Stevens 1967
†Sandolasma cooperi Fedorowski et al. 2007
†Sandolasma elegans Fedorowski et al. 2007
†Sandolasma hillae Wilson and Langenheim, Jr. 1962
†Sandolasma mckassoni Wilson 1994
†Sandolasma perplexa Stevens 2008
†Sandolasma rossi Minato and Kato 1965
†Sandolasma stonei Fedorowski et al. 2007
G. †Tanbaella Minato and Kato 1965
G. †Yabeiphyllum Minato and Kato 1965
Fm. †Lithostrotionidae d'Orbigny 1851
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Subfm. †Acrocyathinae Hill 1981
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G. †Chonaxis Milne-Edwards and Haime 1851
G. †Eastonoides Wilson and Langenheim, Jr. 1962
G. †Cionodendrom Benson and Smith 1923
Subfm. †Diphyphyllinae Dybowski 1873
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G. †Diphyphyllum Lonsdale 1845
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†Diphyphyllum archiaci Billings 1873
†Diphyphyllum bellis Davis 1885
†Diphyphyllum fasciculatum Fleming 1828
†Diphyphyllum fasciculum Meek 1877
†Diphyphyllum maximum Poty 1981
†Diphyphyllum simcoense Billings 1859
†Diphyphyllum stramineum Billings 1860
G. †Kwangsiphyllum Grabau and Yoh 1931
G. †Nemistium Smith 1928
G. †Opiphyllum Kozyreva 1973
G. †Tschussovskenia Dobrolyubova 1936
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†Tschussovskenia captiosa Dobrolyubova 1936
†Tschussovskenia connorsensis Easton 1960
†Tschussovskenia dilata Fedorowski et al. 2007
†Tschussovskenia jiangxiensis Yu and Zhu 1988
†Tschussovskenia minor Fedorowski 1965
†Tschussovskenia sinensis Wu 1962
G. †Heterostrotion Poty and Xu 1996
Subfm. †Lithostrotioninae d'Orbigny 1852
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G. †Akiyosiphyllum Yabe and Sugiyama 1942
G. †Cionodendron Benson and Smith 1923
G. †Lithostrotion Fleming 1828
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†Lithostrotion araneum McCoy 1844
†Lithostrotion decipiens McCoy 1849
†Lithostrotion junceum Fabre 1955
†Lithostrotion mamillaris Castlenau 1843
†Lithostrotion mutabile Kelly 1942
†Lithostrotion pictoense Billings 1868
†Lithostrotion sinuosum Kelly 1942
†Lithostrotion vorticale Parkinson 1808
†Lithostrotion warreni Nelson 1960
Invalid names: Cystidendron Schindewolf 1927 [synonym], Cystistrotion Schindewolf 1927 [synonym], Lasmocyathus d'Orbigny 1849 [synonym], Lithostrotium Agassiz 1846 [synonym], Nemaphyllum M'Coy 1849 [synonym], Nematophyllum Milne-Edwards and Haime 1850 [synonym], Stylaxis M'Coy 1849 [synonym], Stylostrotion Chi 1935 [synonym]
G. †Orionastraea Smith 1917
G. †Schoenophyllum Simpson 1900
G. †Siphonodendron McCoy 1849
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†Siphonodendron irregulare Phillips 1836
†Siphonodendron junceum Fleming 1828
†Siphonodendron martini Milne-Edwards and Haime 1851
†Siphonodendron ouarkzizense Rodriguez et al. 2013
†Siphonodendron pauciradiale McCoy 1844
†Siphonodendron scaleberense Nudds and Somerville 1987
†Siphonodendron tindoufense Rodriguez et al. 2013
G. †Stelechophyllum Tolmachev 1933
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†Stelechophyllum ascendens Tolmachev 1924
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†Stelechophyllum ascendens simplex Dobrolyubova in Dobrolyubova and Kabakovich 1966
†Stelechophyllum ascendens ascendens Dobrolyubova and Kabakovich 1966
†Stelechophyllum banffense Warren 1927
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Invalid names: Lithostrotionella floriformis Hayasaka 1936 [synonym], Lithostrotionella vesicularis Hayasaka 1936 [synonym]
†Stelechophyllum birdi Armstrong 1970
†Stelechophyllum circinatum Easton and Gutschick 1953
†Stelechophyllum ergunjaicum Onoprienko 1976
†Stelechophyllum grande Tolmachev 1924
†Stelechophyllum lochmanae Armstrong 1962
†Stelechophyllum longiseptatum Lisitsyn 1925
†Stelechophyllum macouni Lambe 1899
†Stelechophyllum mclareni Sutherland 1958
†Stelechophyllum megalum Tolmachev 1924
†Stelechophyllum microstylum White 1880
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Invalid names: Lithostrotionella confluens Easton et al. 1958 [synonym], Lithostrotionella jasperensis Kelly 1942 [synonym], Lithostrotionella multiradiata Hayasaka 1936 [synonym]
†Stelechophyllum micrum Kelly 1942
†Stelechophyllum niakensis Armstrong 1972
†Stelechophyllum venukoffi venukoffi Tolmachev 1924
Invalid names: Eolithostrotionella Zhizhina 1956 [synonym]
Subfm. †Thysanophyllinae Hill 1981
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G. †Dorlodotia Salee 1920
G. †Pseudodorlodotia Minato 1955
G. †Sciophyllum Harker and McLaren 1950
G. †Stylastraea Lonsdale 1845
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Invalid names: Borealephyllum Kossovaya 1997 [synonym], Diphystrotion Smith and Lang 1930 [synonym]
G. †Yatsengia Huang 1932
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†Yatsengia asiatica Huang 1932
†Yatsengia cambodgiense Mansuy 1914
†Yatsengia crassitheca Wu and Zhao 1982
†Yatsengia dayongensis Xu 1977
†Yatsengia elegans Wang 1978
†Yatsengia gigantea Yu et al. 1981
†Yatsengia hangchowensis Huang 1932
†Yatsengia hupeiensis Yabe and Hayasaka 1934
†Yatsengia ibukiensis Minato 1955
†Yatsengia kabayamensis Minato 1955
†Yatsengia kuzuensis Yabe 1951
†Yatsengia nondissepimenta Yan and Chen 1982
†Yatsengia retiformis Yu et al. 1981
†Yatsengia simplex Zhao and Chen 1963
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Invalid names: Yatsengia tenuis Wang and Zhao 1998 [synonym]
†Yatsengia singularis Yu et al. 1981
†Yatsengia sisophonensis Fontaine 1961
†Yatsengia suzukii Igo and Adachi 2001
†Yatsengia tuanshanensis Chen and Yan 1982
Invalid names: Pseudoyatsengia Yabe 1951 [synonym]
Fm. †Lonsdaleiidae Chapman 1893
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G. †Lonsdaleia McCoy 1849
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Subg. †Lonsdaleia (Actinocyathus) d'Orbigny 1849
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†Lonsdaleia (Actinocyathus) peratrovichensis Armstrong 1970
Subg. †Lonsdaleia (Waagenella) Yabe and Hayasaka 1915
†Lonsdaleia duplicata Martin 1809
†Lonsdaleia fennemai Volz 1904
Subfm. †Lonsdaleiinae Chapman 1893
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Fm. †Phillipsastreidae Hill 1954
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G. †Bensonastraea Pedder 1966
G. †Chuanbeiphyllum He 1978
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†Chuanbeiphyllum impensum McLean 1994
†Chuanbeiphyllum mikkwaense McLean 1994
G. †Farabophyllum Lavrusevich 1971
G. †Frechastraea Scrutton 1968
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†Frechastraea borealis McLean 1994
†Frechastraea coeni Coen-Aubert 2012
†Frechastraea delicatula Hill 1936
†Frechastraea glabra Coen-Aubert 2012
†Frechastraea phillipsastraeiformis Moenke 1954
†Frechastraea pollicaris McLean 1994
†Frechastraea schafferi Penecke 1903
†Frechastraea scruttoni McLean 1994
G. †Keriophylloides Soshkina 1951
G. †Macgeea Webster 1889
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†Macgeea camplanulata Sorauf 1998
†Macgeea concinnula Sorauf 1998
†Macgeea desioi Schouppé 1965
†Macgeea ponderosa Stumm 1960
†Macgeea pustulosa McLean 2005
†Macgeea soraufi McLean 2005
Invalid names: Debnikiella Rozkowska 1980 [synonym]
G. †Pachyphyllum Milne-Edwards and Haime 1850
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†Pachyphyllum dumonti Sorauf 1998
†Pachyphyllum woodmani Hall and Whitfield 1864
Invalid names: Medusaephyllum Roemer 1855 [synonym]
G. †Peneckiella Soshkina 1939
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†Peneckiella capitanea Brownlaw and Jell 2008
†Peneckiella gracilis McLean 2005
†Peneckiella haultainensis McLean 2005
†Peneckiella minor Roemer 1855
†Peneckiella moniliforme Brownlaw and Jell 2008
†Peneckiella naniforme Brownlaw and Jell 2008
†Peneckiella teicherti Hill 1954
G. †Phacellophyllum Gürich 1909
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Invalid names: Fascicularia Dybowski 1873 [synonym], Phacelophyllum Lang et al. 1940 [synonym]
G. †Phillipsastrea d'Orbigny 1849
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†Phillipsastrea disrupta McLean 1994
†Phillipsastrea givetica Ivania 1960
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Invalid names: Medusaephyllum pradoanum Haime 1855 [synonym], Phillipsastrea pradoana Haime 1855 [synonym], Phillipsastrea torreana Milne-Edwards and Haime 1851 [synonym], Pseudoacervularia pradoana Haime 1855 [synonym]
†Phillipsastrea hollardi Coen-Aubert 2013
†Phillipsastrea irregularis Webster and Fenton 1924
†Phillipsastrea kergarvanensis Coen-Aubert and Plusquellec 2007
†Phillipsastrea maculosa Hill 1942
†Phillipsastrea morzadeci CoenAubert and Plusquellec 2007
†Phillipsastrea sobolewi Rozkowska 1956
†Phillipsastrea sparkensis Brownlaw and Jell 1997
Invalid names: Phillipsastraea d'Orbigny 1850 [synonym], Pseudoacervularia Schlüter 1881 [synonym], Smithia Milne-Edwards and Haime 1851 [synonym], Streptastraea Lang et al. 1940 [synonym], Streptastrea Sandberger and Sandberger 1856 [synonym]
G. †Pterorrhiza Ehrenberg 1834
G. †Scruttonia Cherepnina 1974
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†Scruttonia fedorowskii Berkowski 2002
†Scruttonia kunthi Frech 1885
†Scruttonia sotoi Coen-Aubert 2013
†Scruttonia sudetica Berkowski 2002
G. †Smithicyathus
G. †Stellatophyllum Spasskiy 1968
G. †Sudetia Rozkowska 1960
G. †Sulcorphyllum Pedder 1964
G. †Thamnophyllum Penecke 1894
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†Thamnophyllum cordense McLean 2005
†Thamnophyllum julli McLean 2005
†Thamnophyllum kimberleyense Hill and Jell 1970
†Thamnophyllum ossalense Joseph and Tsien 1975
†Thamnophyllum pedderi McLean 2005
G. †Trapezophyllum Etheridge 1899
G. †Vestigiphyllum Sytova 1970
Invalid names: Phillipsastraeidae Roemer 1883 [replaced]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: o = order, c = class | |||||
| Reference: Kiessling 2004 | |||||
Age range: base of the Turinian to the top of the Capitanian or 457.30000 to 259.51000 Ma
Collections (1394 total)
Oldest occurrences | |||
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ordovician | USA (New York) | Columnaria sp. (332) | |
| Caradoc | USA (Georgia) | Columnaria halli (32779 32783 32787 32791 32798) | |
| Caradoc | USA (Virginia) | Columnaria halli (34224 34235 34237 34241 34243 34244 34245 34246) | |
| Late/Upper Ordovician | USA (California) | Columnaria alveolata (226247) | |
| Turinian | Canada (Quebec) | Columnaria halli (174157) Columnaria minima (185481) Columnaria minima, Columnaria stokesi (185483) | |
| Turinian | USA (Tennessee) | Columnaria alveolata (5347) | |
| Turinian | Canada (Ontario) | Columnaria minima (184970) Columnaria stokesi (185480) | |
| Mohawkian | USA (Tennessee) | Columnaria sp. (86201) | |
| Franklinian - Edenian | USA (Tennessee) | Columnaria alveolata (5370) | |
| Kirkfieldian | Canada (Ontario) | Columnaria magnifica (26192) | |
Youngest occurrences |
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| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | PBDB collection number |
| Wordian | Iran | Yatsengia hangchowensis (112897) | |
| Wordian | Pakistan | Yatsengia hangchowensis (108490) | |
| Wordian | Indonesia (Sumatra) | Lonsdaleia fennemai (119515) | |
| Wordian - Capitanian | Japan | Yatsengia sp. (24126) | |
| Wordian - Capitanian | Cambodia | Cyathophyllum cambodgiense (125030) | |
| Capitanian | Cambodia | Yatsengia sisophonensis (125032) | |
| Capitanian | Iran | Yatsengia asiatica (108455) | |
| Capitanian | Malaysia | Yatsengia sp. A (110301) | |
| Capitanian | China (Nei Mongol) | Yatsengia hupeiensis (109605) | |
| Wuchiapingian | Indonesia | Clisiophyllum wichmanni (132787) | |