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Monodon (narwhal)
Mammalia - Artiodactyla - Monodontidae
Taxonomy
Monodon was named by Linnaeus (1758) [Sepkoski's age data: Q Plei]. It is extant. It was considered monophyletic by Weber (1928).
It was assigned to Cete by Linnaeus (1758); to Monoceratina by Gray (1846); to Phocaenina by Gray (1825) and Gray (1864); to Belugidae by Gray (1868) and Gray (1870); to Leucodelphini by Brandt (1873); to Delphinapterinae by Hay (1902) and Trouessart (1904); to Beluginae by Flower (1867), Abel (1905) and Zittel (1925); to Delphinidae by Gray (1846), Gray (1850), Gray (1866), Scammon and Cope (1869), Lydekker (1887), Cope (1890), Newton (1891), Palmer (1904), Turner (1912) and Kellogg (1928); to Monodontinae by Miller (1923), Hay (1930), Ellerman and Morrisson-Scott (1951), Fraser and Purves (1960), Scheffer and Rice (1963), Kasuya (1973), de Muizon (1988), McKenna and Bell (1997) and Fordyce and de Muizon (2001); to Cetacea by Sepkoski (2002); to Delphinapteridae by Weber (1928) and Buchholtz and Schur (2004); and to Monodontidae by Gray (1821), Pictet (1853), Simpson (1945), Reeves and Tracey (1980), Carroll (1988), Stewart and Stewart (1989), Rice (1998), Geisler and Sanders (2003), Mead and Brownell (2005), Agnarsson and May-Collado (2008), Murakami et al. (2014), Marx et al. (2016) and Berta (2017).
It was assigned to Cete by Linnaeus (1758); to Monoceratina by Gray (1846); to Phocaenina by Gray (1825) and Gray (1864); to Belugidae by Gray (1868) and Gray (1870); to Leucodelphini by Brandt (1873); to Delphinapterinae by Hay (1902) and Trouessart (1904); to Beluginae by Flower (1867), Abel (1905) and Zittel (1925); to Delphinidae by Gray (1846), Gray (1850), Gray (1866), Scammon and Cope (1869), Lydekker (1887), Cope (1890), Newton (1891), Palmer (1904), Turner (1912) and Kellogg (1928); to Monodontinae by Miller (1923), Hay (1930), Ellerman and Morrisson-Scott (1951), Fraser and Purves (1960), Scheffer and Rice (1963), Kasuya (1973), de Muizon (1988), McKenna and Bell (1997) and Fordyce and de Muizon (2001); to Cetacea by Sepkoski (2002); to Delphinapteridae by Weber (1928) and Buchholtz and Schur (2004); and to Monodontidae by Gray (1821), Pictet (1853), Simpson (1945), Reeves and Tracey (1980), Carroll (1988), Stewart and Stewart (1989), Rice (1998), Geisler and Sanders (2003), Mead and Brownell (2005), Agnarsson and May-Collado (2008), Murakami et al. (2014), Marx et al. (2016) and Berta (2017).
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1758 | Monodon Linnaeus p. 75 |
| 1762 | Ceratodon Brisson p. 218 |
| 1762 | Ceratodontis Brisson p. 218 |
| 1780 | Diodon Storr |
| 1804 | Narwalus Lacépède p. 142 |
| 1806 | Narwhalus Dumeril p. 28 |
| 1811 | Ceratodon Illiger p. 142 |
| 1814 | Narvalus Fischer |
| 1821 | Monodon Gray p. 310 |
| 1825 | Monodon Gray p. 340 |
| 1828 | Tachynices Brookes p. 44 |
| 1846 | Monodon Gray p. 29 |
| 1850 | Monodon Gray p. 74 |
| 1853 | Monodon Pictet p. 384 |
| 1864 | Monodon Gray p. 246 |
| 1866 | Monodon Gray p. 310 |
| 1867 | Monodon Flower p. 115 |
| 1868 | Monodon Gray p. 9 |
| 1869 | Monodon Scammon and Cope p. 21 |
| 1870 | Monodon Gray p. 773 |
| 1873 | Monodon Brandt p. 231 |
| 1887 | Monodon Lydekker p. 75 |
| 1890 | Monodon Cope p. 609 |
| 1891 | Monodon Newton p. 78 |
| 1902 | Monodon Hay p. 594 |
| 1904 | Monodon Palmer p. 431 |
| 1904 | Narwalus Palmer p. 448 |
| 1904 | Monodon Trouessart p. 772 |
| 1905 | Monodon Abel p. 129 |
| 1912 | Monodon Turner p. 96 |
| 1923 | Monodon Miller p. 40 |
| 1925 | Monodon Zittel p. 87 |
| 1928 | Monodon Kellogg p. 33 figs. Table 1 |
| 1928 | Monodon Weber p. 389 |
| 1930 | Monodon Hay p. 595 |
| 1945 | Monodon Simpson p. 102 |
| 1951 | Monodon Ellerman and Morrisson-Scott p. 729 |
| 1960 | Monodon Fraser and Purves p. 112 figs. Figure 26 |
| 1963 | Monodon Scheffer and Rice p. 5 |
| 1973 | Monodon Kasuya p. 61 |
| 1980 | Monodon Reeves and Tracey p. 1 |
| 1988 | Monodon Carroll |
| 1988 | Monodon de Muizon p. 162 |
| 1989 | Monodon Stewart and Stewart p. 1 |
| 1997 | Monodon McKenna and Bell p. 389 |
| 1998 | Monodon Rice p. 97 |
| 2001 | Monodon Fordyce and de Muizon p. 179 |
| 2002 | Monodon Sepkoski, Jr. |
| 2003 | Monodon Geisler and Sanders p. 28 |
| 2004 | Monodon Buchholtz and Schur p. 384 figs. Figure 1 |
| 2005 | Monodon Mead and Brownell p. 735 |
| 2008 | Monodon Agnarsson and May-Collado p. 981 figs. Fig. 5 |
| 2014 | Monodon Murakami et al. p. 502 figs. Figure 7 |
| 2016 | Monodon Marx et al. p. 136 |
| 2017 | Monodon Berta p. 164 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available