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Ceratotherium simum (white rhinoceros)

Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae

Taxonomy
Rhinoceros simus was named by Burchell (1821) [also said to be 1817]. It is extant.

It was recombined as Ceratotherium simum by Gray (1867), Antoine and Saraç (2005), Groves et al. (2010) and Deng et al. (2011).

Sister species lacking formal opinion data
C. praecox, C. praecox

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1817Rhinoceros simus Burchell
1821Rhinoceros simus Burchell
1867Ceratotherium simum Gray p. 1027
2005Ceratotherium simum Antoine and Saraç p. 603
2010Ceratotherium simum Groves et al. p. 12
2011Ceratotherium simum Deng et al. p. 1287

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
—Mammaliaformes
RankNameAuthor
classMammalia
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Euungulata
—Panperissodactyla
superorderPerissodactylamorpha
orderPerissodactyla()
—Tapiromorpha(Haeckel 1873)
—Ceratomorpha(Wood 1937)
superfamilyRhinocerotoidea
familyRhinocerotidae
subfamilyRhinocerotinae
tribeRhinocerotini
genusCeratotheriumGray 1868
speciessimum(Burchell 1821)

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Ceratotherium simum Burchell 1821 [white rhinoceros]
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Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
partNmean

Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialsubc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingg
Diet: grazerg
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Created: 2005-08-31 15:11:36
Modified: 2005-08-31 17:11:36
Source: g = genus, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Ji et al. 2002, Lillegraven 1979, Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009, Nowak 1991, Nowak 1999

Age range: base of the Late/Upper Pliocene to the top of the Holocene or 3.60000 to 0.00000 Ma

Collections (131 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Miocene - Pleistocene23.03 - 0.0117Ethiopia Ceratotherium simum (22128)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Ethiopia Ceratotherium simum (21616) Rhinocerotidae indet. (21754 21755)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Malawi Ceratotherium simum (22271)
Zanclean - Piacenzian5.333 - 2.588Tanzania Ceratotherium simum (21830)
Zanclean - Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Kenya Ceratotherium simum (22267 22280)
Pliocene - Calabrian5.333 - 0.774Ethiopia Ceratotherium simum (22027)
Pliocene - Pleistocene5.333 - 0.0117Malawi Ceratotherium simum (22323)
Zanclean - Pleistocene5.333 - 0.0117Ethiopia Ceratotherium simum (22197)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588South Africa Ceratotherium simum (22340)
Piacenzian3.6 - 2.588Tanzania Ceratotherium simum (21787 21789 21790 21793 21794 21795 21796 21798 21799 21800 21801 21802 21806 21810 21813 21831 21832)
Piacenzian3.6 - 2.588Ethiopia Ceratotherium simum (21608 21637 21640 21762 21785 22032 22035)
Late/Upper Pliocene - Early/Lower Pleistocene3.6 - 0.781Kenya (Rift Valley) Ceratotherium simum (21288 21289 21292)
Gelasian2.588 - 1.806Kenya (Rift Valley) Ceratotherium simum (21282 21283 21353 21355)
Gelasian2.588 - 1.806Kenya Ceratotherium simum (21398 21457 21471 21474 21503)
Gelasian2.588 - 1.806Ethiopia Ceratotherium simum (21551 21554 21555 21609 21610 21618 21621 21625 21642 21657 21660 21665 21666 21668 21673 21683 21741 21742 21999 22025 22039)
Gelasian2.588 - 1.806Tanzania Ceratotherium simum (22596)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781Eritrea (Buia) Ceratotherium simum (193126)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781Ethiopia Ceratotherium simum (28993)
Gelasian - Calabrian2.588 - 0.774Kenya Ceratotherium simum (21367 21378 21396 21402 21454 21462 21502 21515 21532)
Gelasian - Calabrian2.588 - 0.774Ethiopia (Ethiopian Rift) Ceratotherium simum (22491 22492 22494 22498)
Gelasian - Calabrian2.588 - 0.774Kenya (Rift Valley) Ceratotherium simum (21350)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117South Africa Ceratotherium simum (21695 21929 21931 21953)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Kenya Ceratotherium simum (38039)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Egypt Ceratotherium simum (21875 21876)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Eritrea (Afar Depression) Ceratotherium simum (22488)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Morocco Ceratotherium simum (34329)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Libya Ceratotherium simum (21864)
Pleistocene - Holocene2.588 - 0.0Libya Ceratotherium simum (21884)
Pleistocene - Holocene2.588 - 0.0South Africa Ceratotherium simum (21711)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774Kenya Ceratotherium simum (32077 32085)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774Kenya (Rift Valley) Ceratotherium simum (21347 21361)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774South Africa Ceratotherium simum (21923 21928)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774Algeria Ceratotherium simum (22584)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774Tanzania Ceratotherium simum (21970 21972 22041 22064 22337 22621 22626 22627)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774Tanzania (Lake Natron Basin) Ceratotherium simum (22552 22553 22554 22558 22577 22578 22579 22583)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Morocco Ceratotherium simum (34287 34330)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Tunisia (Kef) Ceratotherium simum (196971)
Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene0.774 - 0.0117Kenya Ceratotherium simum (22272 22276)
Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene0.774 - 0.0117Tanzania Ceratotherium simum (21893)
Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene0.774 - 0.0117Ethiopia Ceratotherium simum (22169 22177)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Kenya Ceratotherium simum (21936)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Sudan Ceratotherium simum (208787)