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Acrotheloidea

Lingulata - Lingulida

Taxonomy
Acrotheloidea was named by Walcott (1908) [Walcott & Schuchert in Walcott 1908].

It was assigned to Lingulida by Williams et al. (2000), Skovsted and Holmer (2005) and Skovsted et al. (2017).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1908Acrotheloidea Walcott
2000Acrotheloidea Williams et al. p. 90
2005Acrotheloidea Skovsted and Holmer p. 334
2017Acrotheloidea Skovsted et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
—Lophophorata
RankNameAuthor
—PanbrachiopodaCarlson and Cohen 2020
phylumBrachiopodaCuvier 1805
subphylumLinguliformeaWilliams et al. 1996
classLingulataGorjansky and Popov 1985
orderLingulidaWaagen 1885
superfamilyAcrotheloidea
superfamilyAcrotheloidea

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Superfm. †Acrotheloidea Walcott 1908
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Fm. †Acrothelidae Schuchert 1893
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Subfm. †Acrothelinae Walcott and Schuchert 1908
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G. †Acrothele Linnarsson 1876
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Subg. †Acrothele (Redlichella) Walcott 1908
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†Acrothele affinis Resser 1939
†Acrothele artemis Walcott 1908
†Acrothele bellapunctata Walcott 1908
†Acrothele bellula Walcott 1897
†Acrothele bergeroni Walcott 1908
†Acrothele borgholmensis Walcott 1908
†Acrothele concava Cooper et al. 1952
†Acrothele coriacea Linnarsson 1876
†Acrothele decipiens Walcott 1897
†Acrothele dichotoma Walcott 1884
†Acrothele levisensis Walcott 1908
†Acrothele minuta Walcott 1905
†Acrothele primaeva de Verneuil and Barrande 1860
†Acrothele rarus Walcott 1905
†Acrothele sougyi Poulsen 1960
†Acrothele speciosa Resser 1938
†Acrothele spinulosa Poulsen 1960
†Acrothele subsidua White 1874
†Acrothele subsidua hera Walcott 1908
†Acrothele turneri Walcott 1908
†Acrothele woodworthi Walcott 1908
†Acrothele yorkensis Walcott 1908
Invalid names: Dearbornia Walcott 1908 [synonym], Glyptacrothele [synonym], Redlichella [synonym]
G. †Orbithele Sdzuy 1955
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†Orbithele undulosa Barrande 1879
G. †Schizopholis Waagen 1885
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†Schizopholis rugosa Waagen 1885
G. †Spinulothele Rowell 1977
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†Spinulothele dubia Walcott 1912
Subfm. †Conodiscinae Rowell 1965
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G. †Conodiscus Ulrich and Cooper 1936
G. †Discotreta Ulrich and Cooper 1936
G. †Eothele Rowell 1980
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†Eothele granulata Roberts and Jell 1990
†Eothele napuru Kruse 1990
†Eothele spurri Walcott 1908
†Eothele tubulus Ushatinskaya 1987
Fm. †Botsfordiidae Schindewolf 1955
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G. †Bomina Korovnik and Ushatinskaya 1994
G. †Botsfordia Matthew 1891
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†Botsfordia barrandei Walcott 1908
†Botsfordia caelata Hall 1847
†Botsfordia minuta Li and Holmer 2004
†Botsfordia paucigranulata Poulsen 1960
†Botsfordia pulcher Matthew 1889
G. †Curdus Gravestock et al. 2001
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†Curdus pararaensis Gravestock et al. 2001
G. †Diandongia Rong 1974
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†Diandongia pista Rong 1974
G. †Edreja Koneva 1979
G. †Glyptias Walcott 1901
G. †Karathele Koneva 1986
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†Karathele coronata Koneva 1986
†Karathele yorkensis Gravestock et al. 2001
G. †Minlatonia Gravestock et al. 2001
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†Minlatonia tuckeri Gravestock et al. 2001
G. †Neobolus Waagen 1885
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†Neobolus warthi Waagen 1885
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Invalid names: Davidsonella linguloides Waagen 1885 [synonym], Davidsonella squama Waagen 1885 [synonym], Neobolus wynnei Waagen 1885 [synonym]
Invalid names: Davidsonella Waagen 1885 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphatico
Environment: marineuc
Locomotion: stationaryo
Attached: yeso
Life habit: low-level epifaunalo
Diet: suspension feedero
Vision: blindc
Created: 2004-02-28 14:28:50
Modified: 2009-10-11 12:18:33
Source: o = order, c = class, uc = unranked clade
References: Nesnidal et al. 2013, Aberhan et al. 2004

Age range: base of the Atdabanian to the top of the Marshbrookian or 521.00000 to 454.00000 Ma

Collections (232 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Caerfai538.8 - 509.0India (Jammu and Kashmir) Botsfordia granulata, Neobolus sp. (46443)
Caerfai538.8 - 509.0Canada (Nunavut) Acrothele sp. (184)
Caerfai538.8 - 509.0USA (Nevada) Eothele sp. (190)
Early/Lower Cambrian538.8 - 509.0Mauritania Botsfordia paucigranulata (209266) Neobolus warthi, Acrothele sougyi, Acrothele spinulosa (209265)
Early/Lower Cambrian538.8 - 509.0Spain (Aragon) Redlichella bohemica (120552)
Atdabanian521.0 - 516.0Australia (South Australia) Botsfordia sp. (97748 97778 97779 97781 97783 97784 97785 97786 97787 97789)
Atdabanian521.0 - 516.0China (Yunnan) Diandongia pista (68083 86845 86846 86847 86851 90126 90128 90129 90138 90152) Diandongia sp. (86929 86930 86931)
Atdabanian521.0 - 516.0China (Hubei) Diandongia pista (68086)
Atdabanian521.0 - 516.0Kazakhstan Botsfordia caelata (99357)
Atdabanian521.0 - 516.0Antarctica Schizopholis york (199526)
Atdabanian521.0 - 516.0China (Shaanxi) Botsfordia minuta (57691)
Atdabanian521.0 - 516.0India (Tehri Garhwal) Diandongia pista (139522)
Nangaoian521.0 - 514.0China (Yunnan) Diandongia pista (132328 132329 132330 194141 194153 194155 194160 194161 194162 194163)
Nangaoian521.0 - 514.0China (Hubai) Diandongia sp. (219687)
Atdabanian - Botomian521.0 - 512.9Australia (Northern Territory) Edreja distincta (80920 80921)
Botomian516.0 - 512.9China (Yunnan) Acrothele rara, Diandongia pista (90353 90356 90357 90361 90363 90371) Acrothele sp., Diandongia pista (90369) Diandongia pista (90355 90365 90368)
Botomian516.0 - 512.9Russian Federation (Yakutia) Botsfordia sp. (90438)
Botomian516.0 - 512.9Australia (South Australia) Curdus pararaensis (96958 97730) Diandongia sp., Botsfordiidae indet. (187498)
Botomian516.0 - 512.9Pakistan Neobolus warthi (127609) Neobolus warthi, Neobolus wynnei, Davidsonella linguloides, Davidsonella squama (127608) Schizopholis rugosa, Neobolus warthi, Neobolus wynnei, Davidsonella linguloides (127607)
Botomian516.0 - 512.9Norway (Mjosen) Acrothele bellapunctata (42220)
Botomian516.0 - 512.9Australia (New South Wales) Neobolus sp. indet., Botsfordia caelata (225136)
Lenian516.0 - 510.2Antarctica (South Shetland Islands) Karathele napuru (49692)
Lenian516.0 - 510.2Spain Acrothele primaeva (123849) Acrothele sp., Acrothele primaeva (123838)
Lenian516.0 - 510.2Kyrgyzstan Acrothele rara (81268)
Lenian516.0 - 510.2USA (Nevada) Eothele sp. (9821 9822)
Lenian516.0 - 510.2Sweden Acrothele granulata (87124 87184) Botsfordia sp. (87213)
Dyeran515.3 - 511.2USA (Nevada) Eothele sp. (9820 10571) Eothele spurri (10568 96417) Siphonotreta dubia (203345)
Dyeran515.3 - 511.2Canada (Newfoundland) Botsfordia caelata (195904 196282 196283 196284 196285 196286) Eothele tubulus (196324 196327 196329 196330 196331 196332 196333 196335 196337 196338 196339 196340 196341 196343 196346 196348 196349 196351 196352 196353)
Dyeran515.3 - 511.2Greenland Botsfordia caelata (49456 49457 49458 49459 49461 49462 49463 49464 49465 49471 49473 67779 67781)
Dyeran515.3 - 511.2Canada (Newfoundland and Labrador) Eothele sp. (78747)
Dyeran515.3 - 511.2USA (New York) Acrothele sp., Botsfordia sp. (182) Botsfordia caelata (78763 78764 78765 78766 78767 171821)
Dyeran515.3 - 511.2USA (Pennsylvania) Acrothele decipiens, Acrothele yorkensis (11116) Eothele tubulus (97879)
Dyeran515.3 - 511.2Canada (Labrador) Botsfordia caelata (196252 196254 196255 196257 196259 196260 196261)
Dyeran515.3 - 511.2Greenland (Peary Land) Botsfordia sp. (210618)
Duyunian514.0 - 509.0China (Guizhou) Glyptacrothele bohemica (88777)
Toyonian512.9 - 510.2Kazakhstan Botsfordia caelata (123061 123064 123065 123066)
Toyonian512.9 - 510.2Australia (South Australia) Eothele napuru (64460 64461 64462) Karathele sp. (96929)
Ordian511.2 - 508.0Australia (Northern Territory) Acrothele sp. (203)
Delamaran511.2 - 506.5USA (Montana) Acrothele colleni (68907) Acrothele colleni, Acrothele panderi (225273)
Delamaran511.2 - 506.5Mexico Acrothele sp. (10688)
Delamaran511.2 - 506.5Canada (British Columbia) Acrothele colleni (68908) Acrothele sp. (187 197 225262)
Delamaran511.2 - 506.5Mexico (Sonora) Acrothele sp. (90558)
Delamaran511.2 - 506.5USA (Idaho) Acrothele affinis (76096) Acrothele sp. (207)
Delamaran511.2 - 506.5USA (Nevada) Acrothele sp. 2 (232726)
Delamaran - Menevian511.2 - 499.5Mexico Acrothele sp., Acrothele concava (10687)
Amgan510.2 - 504.5Czech Republic (Bohemia) Glyptacrothele bohemica (67708)
Amgan510.2 - 504.5Norway (Rogaland) Acrothele granulata (76545)
Solvan510.2 - 504.5Kazakhstan Acrothele sp. (56536) Schizopholis sp. (219910)
Solvan510.2 - 504.5Australia (New South Wales) Eothele granulata (56531)
Solvan510.2 - 504.5Sweden (Norrbotten) Acrothele granulata (9782)
Arcadian509.0 - 498.4Canada (Newfoundland and Labrador) Orbithele sp. (10768)
Middle Cambrian509.0 - 497.0Czech Republic (Central Boemian) Acrothele sp., Glyptacrothele sp. (76456)
Middle Cambrian509.0 - 497.0Australia (Northern Territory) Eothele napuru (59991 59994 59998 59999 60000 60014 60015 60016 60019 60026 60028 60034 60045 60046 60074)
Middle Cambrian509.0 - 497.0USA (Idaho) Acrothele speciosa (127486)
Middle Cambrian509.0 - 497.0Czech Republic (Litavka) Acrothele sp., Glyptacrothele sp. (76453 76454)
Middle Cambrian509.0 - 497.0Czech Republic Acrothele quadrilineata (199039)
Middle Cambrian509.0 - 497.0Norway (Rogaland) Acrothele granulata (190113)
Middle Cambrian509.0 - 497.0USA (Montana) Acrothele pentagonensis (155652)
Middle Cambrian509.0 - 497.0USA (Utah) Acrothele subsidua (77267)
St Davids509.0 - 497.0USA (Utah) Acrothele sp. (216)
Templetonian508.0 - 504.5Australia (Northern Territory) A. gen. et sp. indet., Eothele granulata (232933) Eothele granulata (232934 232935 232936)
Mayan504.5 - 499.5Kazakhstan (Balkhash) Acrothele sp. (118101)
Mayan504.5 - 499.5Kazakhstan Acrothele sp. (10030)
Menevian504.5 - 499.5Denmark (Bornholm) Acrothele sp. (50768 75946) Acrothelidae indet. (75947)
Menevian504.5 - 499.5Greenland (Peary Land) Orbithele sp. (49452 49488)
Menevian504.5 - 499.5USA (Idaho) Acrothele parilis, Acrothele artemis (50208)
Menevian504.5 - 499.5Kazakhstan Acrothele sp. (56538)
Marjumian504.5 - 497.0USA (Texas) Acrothele sp. (78735)
Marjumian504.5 - 497.0USA (Utah) Acrothele subsidua (56144 230679 230682)
Zhanaarykian503.0 - 500.5Kazakhstan Acrothele sp., Karathele coronata (9959)
Boomerangian500.5 - 499.0New Zealand (Nelson) Acrothele sp. (49850)
Boomerangian500.5 - 499.0Australia (Queenslandd) Acrothele sp. A (225252)
Mindyallan - Idamean499.0 - 494.0Australia (Victoria) Acrothele sp., Orbithele sp. (64043)
Dresbachian497.0 - 485.4USA (Alaska) Acrothele sp. (64797)
Dresbachian497.0 - 485.4France Acrothele sp., Orbithele courtessolei (56191)
Merioneth497.0 - 485.4Canada (British Columbia) Acrothele sp. (199)
Merioneth497.0 - 485.4USA (Utah) Acrothele sp. (206)
Merioneth497.0 - 485.4USA (Idaho) Acrothele sp. (198)
Trempealeauan492.5 - 485.4USA (Nevada) Conodiscus burlingi (233789)
Tremadoc486.5 - 477.7Iran Orbithele sp. (116238)
Tremadoc486.5 - 477.7Poland Orbithele ceratopygarum (66196)
Tremadoc486.5 - 477.7Czech Republic Orbithele discontinua (192830) Orbithele maior (3837) Orbithele sp. (3782)
Tremadoc486.5 - 477.7Norway Orbithele sp. (3106)
Varangu485.4 - 484.5Sweden (Öland) Acrothele coriacea (191671)
Varangu485.4 - 484.5Sweden (Dalarna) Orbithele sp. (191676)
Hunneberg481.1 - 474.8Sweden (Dalarna) Orbithele sp. (191677)
Arenig478.6 - 466.0China (Hunan) Acrothele sp. (7700)
Klabava478.6 - 466.0Czech Republic Orbiculoidea sodalis (3838)
Floian477.7 - 470.0China (Hubei) Conodiscus sp. (186121)
Dapingian470.0 - 467.3China (Hubei) Conodiscus sp. (186122)
Soudleyan - Marshbrookian458.4 - 454.0China (JiangSu) Acrothele sp. (7943)
Caradoc458.4 - 449.5Sweden Acrothele sp. (380)