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Trophon
Taxonomy
Trophon was named by Montfort (1810) [Sepkoski's age data: T Plio R Sepkoski's reference number: 614]. It is extant.
It was reranked as Murex (Trophon) by Toula (1911).
It was assigned to Murex by Toula (1911); to Muricinae by Gazdzicki and Pugaczewska (1984); to Neogastropoda by Sepkoski (2002); to Trophoninae by Chiesa et al. (1995) and DeVries (2005); and to Muricidae by White (1889), Martin (1904), Addicott (1970), Gordillo (1991), Frassinetti and Covacevich (1995), Frassinetti and Covacevich (1999) and Nielson and Valdovinos (2008).
It was reranked as Murex (Trophon) by Toula (1911).
It was assigned to Murex by Toula (1911); to Muricinae by Gazdzicki and Pugaczewska (1984); to Neogastropoda by Sepkoski (2002); to Trophoninae by Chiesa et al. (1995) and DeVries (2005); and to Muricidae by White (1889), Martin (1904), Addicott (1970), Gordillo (1991), Frassinetti and Covacevich (1995), Frassinetti and Covacevich (1999) and Nielson and Valdovinos (2008).
Species
T. (Sipho), T. (Trophon), T. alta, T. alveolatum, T. anceps, T. calamitus (syn. Murex vaughani), T. carringtoni, T. consociale, T. daviesi, T. dickersoni, T. disparoides, T. elegans, T. geversianum, T. gracilius, T. hypsellus, T. icosiphyllus, T. imperspicuum, T. isthmicus, T. kroteri, T. lawsoni, T. macharei, T. magister, T. mangelioides, T. monotropis, T. muricatus, T. muriciformis, T. pallidus, T. patagonicus, T. paululum, T. perelegans, T. progne, T. pseudoturtoni, T. santacrucensis, T. torquatus, T. truncatus
Species lacking formal opinion data
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1810 | Trophon Montfort |
| 1889 | Trophon White p. 451 |
| 1904 | Trophon Martin p. 202 |
| 1911 | Murex (Trophon) Toula p. 479 |
| 1970 | Trophon Addicott p. 81 |
| 1984 | Trophon Gazdzicki and Pugaczewska p. 110 |
| 1991 | Trophon Gordillo p. 129 |
| 1995 | Trophon Chiesa et al. p. 56 |
| 1995 | Trophon Frassinetti and Covacevich p. 59 |
| 1999 | Trophon Frassinetti and Covacevich p. 50 |
| 2002 | Trophon Sepkoski |
| 2005 | Trophon DeVries p. 287 |
| 2008 | Trophon Nielson and Valdovinos p. 209 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Trophon Montfort 1810
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Subg. Trophon (Sipho)
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Subg. †Sipho (Parvisipho) Cossmann 1889
Trophon (Sipho) tortuosus Reeve 1855
Subg. †Trophon (Trophon) Montfort 1810
†Trophon alta Wood 1842
†Trophon alveolatum Sowerby 1826
†Trophon anceps Tate 1888
†Trophon carringtoni Kensley and Pether 1986
†Trophon consociale Wood 1848
†Trophon daviesi Trask 1922
†Trophon dickersoni Clark 1915
†Trophon disparoides Wilckens 1912
†Trophon elegans Charlesworth 1837
†Trophon geversianum Pallas 1774
†Trophon gracilius Wood 1842
†Trophon hypsellus Tate 1888
†Trophon icosiphyllus Tate 1888
†Trophon imperspicuum Wood 1848
†Trophon isthmicus Bose 1906
Trophon kroteri Möller 1842
†Trophon lawsoni Clark 1915
†Trophon macharei DeVries 2005
†Trophon magister Nomland 1916
†Trophon mangelioides Tate 1888
†Trophon monotropis Tate 1888
Trophon muricatus Montagu 1803
Trophon muriciformis König 1831
Trophon pallidus Broderip and Sowerby 1833
†Trophon patagonicus Sowerby 1846
†Trophon paululum Wood 1841
†Trophon perelegans Nomland 1917
†Trophon progne White 1887
†Trophon pseudoturtoni Wood 1879
†Trophon santacrucensis Ihering 1897
†Trophon torquatus Tate 1888
Trophon truncatus Ström 1768
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: f = family, c = class | |||||
| References: Hendy et al. 2009, Kiessling 2004 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Early/Lower Albian to the top of the Holocene or 112.03000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 109.0 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 109.0 Ma
Collections (125 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aptian - Albian | Germany | Sipho schrammeni (67184) | |
| Early/Lower Albian | United Kingdom (England) | Sipho gaultinus (1864) | |
| Santonian | South Africa (Eastern Cape) | T. umzambiensis (47109) | |
| Danian | USA (Alabama) | T. sp. (83297) | |
| Thanetian | USA (Alabama) | T. sp. (90141) | |
| Thanetian | Trinidad and Tobago | T. progne (80170) | |
| Ypresian | USA (Alabama) | T. caudatoides (98390) | |
| Middle Eocene | Mexico (Baja California Sur) | T. sp. (43753) | |
| Priabonian | USA (Washington) | T. calamitus (40733) | |
| Late/Upper Eocene | USA (Washington) | Murex vaughani (4900) | |
| Early/Lower Oligocene | Argentina | T. lacinatus (71595) T. santacrucensis (71402) T. sp. (66146) | |
| Oligocene | Argentina (Santa Curz) | T. santacruzensis (48067) | |
| Oligocene - Pliocene | Argentina (Santa Cruz) | T. patagonicus (50076) | |
| Late/Upper Oligocene - Early/Lower Miocene | Argentina (Santa Cruz) | T. santacruzensis (48068) | |
| Chattian | Argentina (Santa Cruz) | T. sp. (205658) | |
| Chattian | USA (California) | T. sp. (52417 52418) | |
| Aquitanian | Argentina | Fusus patagonicus (45887) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | Argentina | T. santacrucensis (71403 71428 71429 71430 71539 71540 71542 185967) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | India | Sipho sp. (72150 72151 72152) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | Chile | T. patagonicus (78429) T. sp., T. patagonicus (78425) | |
| Burdigalian | Italy | T. bredai (178108) | |
| Burdigalian | Argentina | T. patagonicus (65179 65185) T. sp. (65178) | |
| Barstovian | USA (California) | T. gillulyi (59074) | |
| Middle Miocene | Argentina | T. santacrucensis (71426) | |
| Tortonian | Denmark (Jutland) | Sipho distinctus (34521) | |
| Tortonian | Argentina | T. geversianus (41478) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | USA (California) | T. perelegans (216208) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Argentina (Chubut) | T. harringtoni, T. piramidensis (42146) T. leanzai, T. plicatus, T. cortatus, T. retrorsum, T. vokesae, T. broggii (42149) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Mexico (Veracruz) | T. isthmicus (59282) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Australia (South Australia) | T. goldsteini, T. metungensis (63432) | |
| Early/Lower Pliocene | Ecuador (Manabi) | T. ecuadorius (60772) | |
| Early/Lower Pliocene | Peru | T. carlosmartini (89174) T. macharei (80527) | |
| Early/Lower Pliocene | USA (California) | T. belcheri, T. magister (220190) T. magister (206369 206372 220187) | |
| Early/Lower Pliocene | Chile | T. sp. (78555) | |
| Zanclean | United Kingdom (England) | T. altum (84762) T. alveolatum (84763) T. imperspicuum (84992) T. muricatum, T. gracilius, T. paululum (84755) | |
| Pliocene | Antarctica | T. disparoides (41576) | |
| Pliocene | USA (California) | T. belcheri (216902) T. magister (216867 216872 216901 216953) | |
| Pliocene | Mexico (Baja California Sur) | T. belcheri (43687) | |
| Pliocene - Pleistocene | USA (Florida) | T. lepidota (41749) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | South Africa (Western Cape) | T. carringtoni (118318) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | United Kingdom (England) | T. altum (84761) T. alveolatum (84759 84797) T. consocialis, T. muricatum (84764) T. costifer, T. olavii, T. muricatus, T. elegans (84819) T. kroteri (84758) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | Chile | T. covacevichi (79211) T. covacevichi, T. huilliche (79207) T. covacevichi, T. vetulus (79209) T. huilliche, T. covacevichi (79204) T. parcus (79201) T. vetulus (79206 79213) T. vetulus, T. covacevichi (79208) | |
| Piacenzian | Belgium | T. muricatus, Atractodon elegans (179048 179079) | |
| Gelasian | United Kingdom (England) | T. tortuosus, T. pseudoturtoni (84757) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Antarctica | T. sp. (48434) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | USA (Florida) | T. lepidota (41497 41501 79331) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Chile | T. geversianus (89241) | |
| Pleistocene | India | Sipho sp. (72159) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (Oregon) | Sipho halibrectus (71142) | |
| Pleistocene | Iceland | Sipho olavii (79897 79977) | |
| Ionian | Argentina | T. geversianus (71612) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | Argentina | T. varians, T. geversianus (71606) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | Ireland | Sipho latericeus, Sipho curtus, Sipho exiguus, Sipho feneslratus, Sipho gracilis, Sipho howsei, Sipho jeffreysianus, Sipho latriceus, Sipho togatus (178118) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | Greenland | T. truncatus (75179 75200) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | USA (California) | T. macouni (222979) T. pacificus (96894 222998) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Peru | T. peruvianus (76643) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Greenland | Sipho sp. (227032) Sipho togatus (227040) Sipho togatus, T. truncatus (227031) T. truncatus (227028 227030) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Peru (Moquegua) | T. peruvianus (43708) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Argentina | T. varians (71607 71610) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Greenland (Disko Island) | Sipho togatus, T. truncatus (227046) T. truncatus (227045) | |
| Holocene | Argentina | Fuegotrophon pallidus (71603) Fuegotrophon pallidus, T. geversianus (71602) T. geversianus (65818 65819 65820 65821) T. muriciformis, T. geversianus (65823) T. sp. (162173) T. varians, T. geversianus (71674 71675) | |
| Holocene | Greenland | T. truncatus (75212 75217 75220) |