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Candidae

Gymnolaemata - Cheilostomata - Candidae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1851Candidae D'Orbigny
1997Candidae Lee et al.
2003Candidae Schmidt
2006Candidae Berning p. 32
2006Candidae Bock
2014Candidae Di Martino and Taylor

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
—Lophophorata
RankNameAuthor
phylumBryozoaEhrenberg 1831
classGymnolaemataAllman 1856
orderCheilostomataBusk 1859
suborderFlustrina(Smitt 1868)
superfamilyBuguloideaGray 1848
familyCandidaeD'Orbigny 1851
familyCandidaeD'Orbigny 1851

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. †Candidae D'Orbigny 1851
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†Caberea grandis Hincks 1881
G. Canda Lamouroux 1816
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†Canda federicae Di Martino and Taylor 2014
†Canda fossilis Waters 1881
†Canda giorgioi Di Martino and Taylor 2014
G. Emma Gray 1843
G. Scrupocellaria van Beneden 1845
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: intermediate Mg calcitef
Environment: marineuc
Locomotion: stationaryo
Attached: yeso
Life habit: epifaunalo
Diet: suspension feedero
Vision: blindc
Reproduction: oviparouso
Brooding: yeso
Comments: mean weight-% MgCO3=4.9 based on 22 specimensf
Created: 2008-02-26 04:52:18
Modified: 2008-02-27 04:15:36
Source: f = family, o = order, c = class, uc = unranked clade
References: Smith et al. 2006, Nesnidal et al. 2013

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Bartonian to the top of the Castlecliffian or 41.30000 to 0.34000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 38.0 Ma

Collections (46 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Cenozoic66.0 - 0.0Australia (Victoria) Caberea grandis (174185)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0USA (Florida) Scrupocellaria gracilis (7322 7324 7327 7328 7332)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9Tonga (Eua) Canda fossilis (166842)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9New Zealand (North Otago) Caberea sp., Emma sp. (172815)
Rupelian33.9 - 28.1USA (Mississippi) Scrupocellaria cookei, Scrupocellaria williardi, Scrupocellaria clausa (90566)
Rupelian33.9 - 28.1USA (Alabama) Caberea boryi, Scrupocellaria triangulata, Scrupocellaria milneri, Scrupocellaria resneri, Scrupocellaria rathbuni, Scrupocellaria clausa (90562) Scrupocellaria cookei, Scrupocellaria milneri, Scrupocellaria vaughani (90548) Scrupocellaria cookei, Scrupocellaria williardi, Scrupocellaria clausa (90563) Scrupocellaria milneri, Scrupocellaria clausa (90561)
Oligocene - Miocene33.9 - 5.333Australia (Victoria) Caberea grandis (173512)
Miocene - Oligocene23.03 - 23.03Australia (Victoria) Caberea grandis (173520) Canda fossilis, Caberea grandis (173516)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97India (Gujarat) Bactrellaria cheropadiensis (46295)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97Germany Scrupocellaria sp. (188985)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97Egypt Caberea baryi (47007)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97Indonesia Caberea sp., Scrupocellaria sp., Canda giorgioi, Canda federicae (173651)
Langhian15.97 - 13.82Australia (Victoria) Caberea grandis (167299)
Langhian15.97 - 13.82Ukraine (Crimea) Scrupocellaria sp. (194975 194987)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608Australia (Victoria) Caberea grandis (166365)
Serravallian13.82 - 11.62Hungary Canda rectangulata (34739)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Panama (Colon) Canda simplex, Scrupocellaria n. sp. 1 (145580)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Spain Scrupocellaria sp. (178465)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333Spain Scrupocellaria sp. (56687)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333Morocco Canda rectangulata (34724)
Early/Lower Pliocene5.333 - 3.6Australia (Victoria) Caberea grandis (174189 174190)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6Portugal Caberea sp., Scrupocellaria sp. (152330)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Australia (South Australia) Caberea grandis (172911 172913)
Piacenzian3.6 - 2.588Panama (Bocas del Toro) Scrupocellaria regularis (79998)
Piacenzian3.6 - 2.588Panama (Bocas) Scrupocellaria regularis (79772) Scrupocellaria sp. (79794)
Gelasian2.588 - 1.806Greece Scrupocellaria scrupea (71243)
Nukumaruan2.4 - 1.63New Zealand Caberea zelandica (173829)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774Costa Rica (Limon) Caberea sp., Canda simplex, Scrupocellaria pusilla, Scrupocellaria regularis (79835) Canda simplex (79845) Canda simplex, Scrupocellaria regularis (79842) Canda simplex, Scrupocellaria sp. (79844)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774Greece Canda ligata, Scrupocellaria sp. (190371)
Castlecliffian1.63 - 0.34New Zealand Caberea zelandica (173732)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Greenland Caberea ellisii (75197)