Basic info Taxonomic history Classification Included Taxa
Morphology Ecology and taphonomy External Literature Search Age range and collections

Flustridae

Gymnolaemata - Cheilostomata - Flustridae

Taxonomy
Flustridae was named by Fleming (1828). Its type is Flustra.

It was assigned to Malacostega by Bassler (1953); to Cheilostomata by Bock (2006); and to Flustroidea by Berning (2006) and Di Martino and Taylor (2014).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1828Flustridae Fleming
1953Flustridae Bassler p. G157
2006Flustridae Berning p. 31
2006Flustridae Bock
2014Flustridae Di Martino and Taylor

Is something missing? Join the Paleobiology Database and enter the data

RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
—Lophophorata
RankNameAuthor
phylumBryozoaEhrenberg 1831
classGymnolaemataAllman 1856
orderCheilostomataBusk 1859
suborderFlustrina(Smitt 1868)
superfamilyFlustroideaFleming 1828
familyFlustridaeFleming 1828
familyFlustridaeFleming 1828

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. †Flustridae Fleming 1828
show all | hide all
G. Carbasea Gray 1848
G. Chartella Gray 1848
G. †Flustra
hide
†Flustra elegans Münster 1841
G. Gontarella Grischenko et al. 2002
hide
†Gontarella sendinoae Di Martino and Taylor 2014
G. Hincksina Norman 1903
hide
†Hincksina geminata Waters 1881
†Hincksina loxopora Reuss 1848
Hincksina ocalensis Canu and Bassler 1920
†Hincksina uniserialis Canu and Bassler 1935
G. Retiflustra Levinsen 1909
G. Sarsiflustra Jullien 1903
G. Spiralaria Busk 1861
G. Terminoflustra Silen 1942
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: intermediate Mg calcitef
Environment: marineuc
Locomotion: stationaryo
Attached: yeso
Life habit: epifaunalo
Diet: suspension feedero
Vision: blindc
Reproduction: oviparouso
Brooding: yeso
Comments: mean weight-% MgCO3=5.2 (range 6%) based on 50 measurementsf
Created: 2008-02-26 05:17:20
Modified: 2008-02-27 04:36:31
Source: f = family, o = order, c = class, uc = unranked clade
References: Nesnidal et al. 2013, Smith et al. 2006

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Julian to the top of the Lujanian or 235.00000 to 0.01200 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 232.0 Ma

Collections (27 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Julian235.0 - 232.0Italy Flustra elegans (137429)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0USA (Florida) Hincksina bilaminaria (7330) Hincksina ocalensis (7322 7324)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0USA (Alabama) Hincksina jacksonica (7331)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0United Kingdom (England) Flustra sp. (40512)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9USA (Georgia) Hincksina ocalensis (90479)
Rupelian33.9 - 28.1USA (Mississippi) Hincksina ocalensis (90565)
Rupelian33.9 - 28.1USA (Alabama) Hincksina elegans, Hincksina costulifera (90528)
Oligocene - Miocene33.9 - 5.333Australia (Victoria) Hincksina geminata (173512 173526 173527)
Chattian28.1 - 23.03Australia (Victoria) Hincksina uniserialis (174145)
Miocene - Oligocene23.03 - 23.03Australia (Victoria) Hincksina geminata (173504 173506 173511)
Langhian15.97 - 13.82Australia (Victoria) Hincksina geminata (167299)
Serravallian13.82 - 11.62Indonesia Gontarella sendinoae (173653)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Spain Hincksina flustroides (177486) Hincksina loxopora (177481 177482) Hincksina sp. (178465)
Tortonian - Messinian11.62 - 5.333Ukraine (Crimea) Hincksina sp. (194986)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6Portugal Hincksina sp. (152330)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Spain Hincksina flustroides (177490) Hincksina flustroides, Hincksina loxopora (177489)
Lujanian0.781 - 0.012Argentina Flustra sp. (204208)