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Blastozoa
Taxonomy
Blastozoa was named by Sprinkle (1973).
It was assigned to Echinodermata by Sprinkle (1973), Bockelie (1984), Parsley and Zhao (2006), Zuykov et al. (2008), Zhao et al. (2008), Noailles et al. (2014), Nohejlová (2017) and Lefebvre and Lerosey-Aubril (2018).
It was assigned to Echinodermata by Sprinkle (1973), Bockelie (1984), Parsley and Zhao (2006), Zuykov et al. (2008), Zhao et al. (2008), Noailles et al. (2014), Nohejlová (2017) and Lefebvre and Lerosey-Aubril (2018).
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1973 | Blastozoa Sprinkle p. 56 |
| 1984 | Blastozoa Bockelie |
| 2006 | Blastozoa Parsley and Zhao p. 1063 |
| 2008 | Blastozoa Zhao et al. p. 419 |
| 2008 | Blastozoa Zuykov et al. |
| 2014 | Blastozoa Noailles et al. p. 459 |
| 2017 | Blastozoa Nohejlová p. 156 |
| 2018 | Blastozoa Lefebvre and Lerosey-Aubril |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Subph. †Blastozoa Sprinkle 1973
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Superfm. †Asteroblastida Bather 1900
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Fm. †Asteroblastidae Bather 1900
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G. †Asteroblastus d'Eichwald 1862
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†Asteroblastus stellatus d'Eichwald 1862
+
Invalid names: Asteroblastus foveolatus d'Eichwald 1860 [synonym]
G. †Asterocystis
G. †Metasterocystis
Cl. †Blastoidea Say 1825 [blastoid]
+
Unr. †Coronoidea Brett et al. 1983
+
Or. †Coronata Jaekel 1918
+
Fm. †Stephanocrinidae Wachsmuth and Springer 1886
+
G. †Cupulocorona Donovan and Paul 1985
G. †Mespilocystites Barrande 1877
G. †Stephanoblastus
G. †Stephanocrinus Conrad 1842
Or. †Fissiculata Jaekel 1918
+
Fm. †Astrocrinidae Austin and Austin, Jr. 1843
+
G. †Astrocrinus Morris 1843
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†Astrocrinus benniei Etheridge 1878
†Astrocrinus tetragonus Austin and Austin, Jr. 1843
Invalid names: Astrocrinites Conrad 1840 [synonym]
Fm. †Brachyschismatidae Fay 1961
+
G. †Brachyschisma Reimann 1945
+
†Brachyschisma corrugatum Reimann 1935
†Brachyschisma oostheizeni Breimer and Macurda, Jr. 1972
Fm. †Codasteridae Etheridge, Jr. and Carpenter 1886
+
G. †Angioblastus Wanner 1931
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†Angioblastus boliviensis Breimer and Macurda, Jr. 1972
†Angioblastus dotti Moore and Strimple 1942
†Angioblastus ellesmerensis Breimer and Macurda, Jr. 1972
†Angioblastus miloradovitchi Breimer and Macurda, Jr. 1972
†Angioblastus variabilis Wanner 1931
†Angioblastus wanneri Yakovlev 1926
G. †Anthoblastus Wanner 1924
+
†Anthoblastus brouweri Wanner 1924
†Anthoblastus stellifomis Wanner 1924
G. †Codaster M'Coy 1849
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†Codaster acutus M'Coy 1849
†Codaster americanus Shumard 1858
†Codaster pyramidatus Shumard 1858
†Codaster robustus Rowley 1857
†Codaster whitei Hall 1861
G. †Nannoblastus Wanner 1924
+
†Nannoblastus cuspidatus Wanner 1924
†Nannoblastus pyramidatus Wanner 1924
G. †Notoblastus Brown 1941
+
†Notoblastus brevispinus Brown and Brown 1941
†Notoblastus cornutus Mc Kellar 1969
†Notoblastus oyensi Wanner 1940
†Notoblastus stellaris Breimer and Macurda, Jr. 1972
G. †Paracodaster Yakovlev 1940
G. †Peterotoblastus Wanner 1924
G. †Pterotoblastus Wanner 1924
+
†Pterotoblastus brevialatus Wanner 1931
†Pterotoblastus decemcostis Breimer and Macurda, Jr. 1972
†Pterotoblastus ferrugineus Breimer and Macurda 1972
†Pterotoblastus gracilis Wanner 1924
G. †Timoroblastus Wanner 1924
+
†Timoroblastus coronatus Wanner 1924
†Timoroblastus weiensis Wanner 1940
G. †Dolichoblastus Breimer and Macurda, Jr. 1972
+
†Dolichoblastus shirnanskii Breimer and Macurda 1972
G. †Kazachstanoblastus Arendt et al. 1968
Fm. †Neoschismatidae Wanner 1940
+
G. †Neoschisma Wanner 1924
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†Neoschisma cornutum McKellar 1969
†Neoschisma extensum Webster and Jell 1992
†Neoschisma timorense Wanner 1940
†Neoschisma verrucosum Wanner 1924
Fm. †Nymphaeoblastidae Wanner 1940
+
Fm. †Orophocrinidae Jaekel 1918
+
G. †Katoblastus Macurda, Jr. 1967
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†Katoblastus konincki Macurda, Jr. 1967
†Katoblastus puzos Von Munster 1843
G. †Orophocrinus von Seebach 1865
+
†Orophocrinus catactus Rowley 1900
†Orophocrinus celticus Macurda Jr. 1965
†Orophocrinus conicus Wachsmuth and Springer 1888
†Orophocrinus gracilis Meek and Worthern 1870
†Orophocrinus orbignyanus de Koninck 1842
†Orophocrinus pentangularis Sowerby 1834
†Orophocrinus praelongus Bailey 1886
†Orophocrinus saltensis Macurda Jr. 1965
†Orophocrinus stelliformis Owen and Shumard 1850
†Orophocrinus versus Cumberland 1826
†Orophocrinus verus Breimer and Macurda, Jr. 1972
G. †Pentephyllum
Fm. †Phaenoschismatidae Etheridge, Jr. and Carpenter 1886
+
G. †Caryoblastus Breimer et al. 1968
G. †Cryptoschisma Etheridge, Jr. and Carpenter 1886
+
†Cryptoschisma schultzii d'Archaic and Verneuil 1845
G. †Decaschisma Fay 1961
+
†Decaschisma lorae Dunbar 1920
†Decaschisma pulchellus Miller and Dyer 1878
G. †Deltoschisma Fay 1961
G. †Hadroblastus Fay 1962
+
†Hadroblastus benniei Etheridge, Jr. and Carpenter 1886
†Hadroblastus blain Miller and Gurley 1895
†Hadroblastus breimeri Ausich and Meyer 1988
†Hadroblastus convexus Fay 1962
†Hadroblastus hibernicus Macurda 1983
†Hadroblastus kerztuckyensis Shumard 1858
†Hadroblastus whitei Hall 1861
G. †Heteroschisma Wachsmuth 1883
+
†Heteroschisma alternatum Lyon 1857
†Heteroschisma alternatus Lyon 1857
†Heteroschisma canadense Billings 1869
†Heteroschisma subtruncatus Hall 1858
G. †Junggaroblastus
G. †Koryschisma
G. †Microblastus Eykeren 1942
G. †Pentremitidea d'Orbigny 1950
+
†Pentremitidea archiaci Etheridge, Jr. and Carpenter 1882
†Pentremitidea lusitanica Etheridge, Jr. and Carpenter 1882
†Pentremitidea pailleti De Verneuil 1844
†Pentremitidea paillettei De Verneuil 1844
G. †Phaenoblastus Fay 1961
+
†Phaenoblastus caryophyllatus de Koninck and Le Hon 1854
†Phaenoblastus caryophyllus de Konnick and Le Hon 1854
†Phaenoblastus pecki Breimer and Macurda, Jr. 1972
G. †Phaenoschisma Etheridge and Carpenter 1882
+
†Phaenoschisma acutum Sowerby 1836
†Phaenoschisma caryophyllatus de Koninck and Le Hon 1854
†Phaenoschisma chouteaui Macurda 1964
†Phaenoschisma conicum Fay 1962
†Phaenoschisma gracillimum Rowley and Hare 1891
†Phaenoschisma laeviculum Rowley 1900
†Phaenoschisma parvum Macurda 1983
†Phaenoschisma pecki Macurda 1964
†Phaenoschisma saharae Briemer and Macurda, Jr. 1972
G. †Pleuroschisma Reimann 1945
+
†Pleuroschisma lycorias Hall 1862
+
Invalid names: Pleuroschisma hibbardi Reimann 1945 [synonym], Pleuroschisma ontario Reimann 1945 [synonym]
†Pleuroschisma verneuili Etheridge, Jr. and Carpenter 1882
G. †Polydeltoideus Reimann and Fay 1961
+
†Polydeltoideus enodatus Riemann and Fay 1961
†Polydeltoideus plasovae Prokop 1962
G. †Sundablastus Wanner 1924
Or. †Granatocrinida Bather 1900
+
Fm. †Granatocrinidae Fay 1961
+
G. †Carpenteroblastus Rowley 1901
G. †Cryptoblastus Etherridge, Jr. and Carpender 1886
+
†Cryptoblastus granulosus Meek and Worthen 1865
†Cryptoblastus melo Owen and Shand 1850
†Cryptoblastus pisum Cline 1937
†Cryptoblastus rowleyi Cline 1937
†Cryptoblastus shumardi Meek and Worthern 1866
G. †Decemoblastus Macurda 1977
+
†Cribroblastus melonoides Meek and Worthen 1869
†Decemoblastus melonoides Meek and Worthen 1869
G. †Dentiblastus Macurda, Jr 1964
+
†Dentiblastus macurdai Ausich and Meyer 1988
†Dentiblastus sirius Macurda, Jr 1964
G. †Gongyloblastus Macurda, Jr and Racheboeuf 1975
+
†Gongyloblastus armoricanus Macurda, Jr and Racheboeuf 1975
G. †Granatocrinus Hall 1862
+
†Granatocrinus cornutus Meek and Worthen 1861
†Granatocrinus glaaber Meek and Worthen 1869
†Granatocrinus granulatus Romer 1851
+
Invalid names: Granatocrinus cidariformis Troost 1849 [synonym], Orbitremites oppelti Rowley 1902 [synonym]
†Granatocrinus lotoblastus White 1874
†Granatocrinus pisum Meek and Worthen 1869
Invalid names: Granatocrinites Troost 1849 [synonym]
G. †Heteroblastus Etheridge, Jr. and Carperter 1886
G. †Mesoblastus Etheridge Jr and Carpenter 1886
+
†Mesoblastus angulatus Sowerby 1828
†Mesoblastus crenulatus Roemer 1851
†Mesoblastus elongatus Cumberland 1826
G. †Ptychoblastus Fay 1960
Fm. †Schizoblastidae Etheridge, Jr. and Carpenter 1886
+
G. †Acentrotremites Etheridge, Jr. and Carpenter 1883
+
†Acentrotremites ellipticus Breimer and Macurda, Jr. 1972
G. †Lysocystites
Superor. †Spiraculata Jaekel 1918
+
G. †Kadiskoblastus
G. †Malchiblastus
G. †Monoblastus
Or. †Nucleocrinida Waters and Horowitz 1993
+
Fm. †Nucleocrinidae Bather 1899
+
G. †Elaeacrinus Roemer 1851
G. †Nucleocrinus Conrad 1842
G. †Placoblastus Fay 1961
Or. †Pentremitida Matsumoto 1929
+
Fm. †Conuloblastidae Bohatý et al. 2024
+
G. †Conuloblastus Breimer and Dop 1975
G. †Hreggoblastus Bohatý et al. 2024
Fm. †Hyperoblastidae Fay 1964
+
G. †Absensoblastus Bohatý et al. 2024
G. †Altusoblastus Bohatý et al. 2024
G. †Calycoblastus Wanner 1924
Subfm. †Eleutherocrininae Bather 1899
Subfm. †Hyperoblastinae Fay 1964
G. †Hyperoblastus Fay 1961
G. †Pentahedronoblastus Bohatý et al. 2024
Fm. †Orbitremitidae Bather 1899
+
G. †Doryblastus Fay 1961
G. †Ellipticoblastus Fay 1960
G. †Globoblastus Hambach 1903
G. †Houiblastus Lane 1997
G. †Monoschizoblastus Cline 1936
G. †Nodoblastus Fay 1963
G. †Orbitremites Austin and Austin 1842
Fm. †Pentremitidae d'Orbigny 1851
+
G. †Cordyloblastus Fay 1961
G. †Montanablastus Sprinkle and Gutschick 1990
G. †Pentremites Say 1820
G. †Pentremoblastus Fay and Koenig 1963
G. †Rhopaloblastus Wanner 1924
G. †Strongyloblastus Fay 1962
G. †Tanablastus
Or. †Troosticrinida Bather 1900
+
Fm. †Troosticrinidae Bather 1899
+
Subfm. †Belocrininae Horowitz et al. 1986
G. †Diploblastus Fay 1961
Subfm. †Ropaloblastinae Fay 1964
Subfm. †Troosticrininae Bather 1899
Invalid names: Calycoblastinae Fay 1964 [empty]
Invalid names: Diploblastidae Fay 1964 [empty]
G. †Uyguroblastus
G. †Xinjiangoblastus
G. †Zygocrinus Bronn 1848
Invalid names: Eublastoidea Bather 1899 [empty]
Cl. Crinoidea Miller 1821 [Sea lily]
+
Fm. †Asperocrinidae Stukalina 1975
+
G. †Aspidocrinus Hall 1858
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†Aspidocrinus digitatus Hall 1858
†Aspidocrinus scutelliformis Hall 1858
G. †Balearocrinus Bourrouilh and Termier 1974
Subcl. †Camerata Wachsmuth and Springer 1885
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G. †Becharocrinus Termier and Termier 1956
G. †Coronocrinus Hall 1858
G. †Craspedocrinus Dahmer 1922
G. †Eknomocrinus Guensburg and Sprinkle 2003
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†Eknomocrinus wahwahensis Guensburg and Sprinkle 2003
Infracl. †Eucamerata Cole 2017
+
Or. †Diplobathrida Moore and Laudon 1943
+
G. †Ampurocrinus
G. †Apurocrinus McIntosh 1981
G. †Cadisocrinus
Superfm. †Dimerocrinitacea von Zittel 1879
+
Invalid names: Nyctocrinacea Moore and Laudon 1943 [synonym]
G. †Lemennocrinus Pidel 1984
G. †Moniellocrinus Pidal 1984
G. †Pelidocrinus Frest and Strimple 1981
G. †Perunocrinus Prokop 1986
G. †Pidelocrinus Frest and Strimple 1981
G. †Rhachkicrinus Ausich 1986
G. †Zygodiplobathrina Ubaghs 1953
Invalid names: Eudiplobathrida Ubaghs 1953 [empty], Eudiplobathrina Ubaghs 1953 [empty], Reteocrinicae Ubaghs 1952 [empty]
Or. †Monobathrida Moore and Laudon 1943
+
Fm. †Acrocrinitidae Austin and Austin 1842
G. †Adelphicrinus Guensburg and Sprinkle 2003
G. †Amarsupiocrinus Frest 1975
G. †Amblacrinus Orbigny 1850
G. †Bolicrinus Witzke and Strimple 1981
Fm. †Carpocrinidae De Koninck and Le Hon 1854
G. †Cerasmocrinus Strimple and Levorson 1973
G. †Closterocrinus Hall 1852
Subor. †Compsocrinina Ubaghs 1978
Fm. †Delgadocrinidae Ausich et al. 2007
G. †Eocamptocrinus Gluchowski 1980
Fm. †Eucalyptocrinitidae Roemer 1855
G. †Exsulacrinus Bowsher and Strimple 1986
G. †Glaphyocrinus
Subor. †Glyptocrinina Moore 1952
Fm. †Habrotecrinidae Guensburg and Sprinkle 2003
G. †Harrelicrinus
G. †Hyrtanecrinus Broadhead and Strimple 1980
G. †Ilmocrinus Solojeva 1984
G. †Ivanovaecrinus Arendt 1983
G. †Lobomelocrinus Frest and Strimple 1977
G. †Marhoumacrinus Prokop and Petr 1987
Fm. †Marsupiocrinidae Bronn 1855
G. †Nanicrinus Frest and Strimple 1980
G. †Neocamtocrinus
G. †Pandanocrinus Jell et al. 1988
G. †Paracrocrinus Arendt and Stupachenko 1983
G. †Paramegaliocrinus Arendt 1983
G. †Paratalarocrinus Strimple and Coney 1978
Fm. †Patelliocrinidae Angelin 1878
G. †Phrygilocrinus Ausich 1985
G. †Praedicticrinus Frest and Strimple 1980
G. †Prokopicrinus Frest and Strimple 1977
G. †Shimantocrinus Jell et al. 1988
G. †Struszocrinus Jell et al. 1988
Subor. †Tanaocrinina Moore 1952
Fm. †Xenocrinidae Miller 1890
Invalid names: Dolatocrinicae Ubaghs 1953 [empty], Eknomocrinidae Guensburg and Sprinkle 2003 [empty], Hexacriniticae Ubaghs 1952 [empty]
G. †Helicocrinus
G. †Katarocrinus
G. †Laubeocrinus
G. †Mitrocrinus
G. †Phillipsocrinus
Fm. †Reteocrinidae Wachsmuth and Springer 1885
+
G. †Reteocrinus Billings 1859
+
†Reteocrinus alveolatus Miller and Gurley 1894
†Reteocrinus elongatus Raymond 1931
†Reteocrinus fimbriatus Billings 1859
†Reteocrinus stellaris Billings 1859
Invalid names: Traskocrinus Kolata 1975 [synonym]
Invalid names: Hexacrinidae Wachsmuth and Springer 1885 [empty], Melocrinidae Wachsmuth and Springer [empty], Rhodocrinidae Roemer 1855 [empty]
G. †Communicrinus
G. †Cyclocaudex Moore and Jeffords 1968
G. †Cyclocrista Moore and Jeffords 1968
G. †Cyclocyclicus Yeltysheva 1955
G. †Cycloscapus Moore and Jeffords 1968
G. †Dazhucrinus Mu and Wu 1974
G. †Dulanocrinus Stukalina and Tuyutyan 1970
G. †Dwortsowaecrinus Stukalina 1967
G. †Flexicrinus Stukalina and Tuyutyan 1970
G. †Floripila Moore and Jeffords 1968
Fm. †Flucticharacidae Moore and Jeffords 1968
+
G. †Flucticharax Moore and Jeffords 1968
G. †Gemmacrinus Prokop and Petr 1989
G. †Glyphidocrinus Dubatolova 1971
Subcl. †Hemistreptocrinoidea Arendt 1976
+
Or. †Hemistreptocrinida Arendt 1976
+
Fm. †Hemistreptocrinidae Arendt 1976
+
G. †Hemistreptocrinus Arendt 1976
G. †Nonparactocrinus Arendt 1976
G. †Heterostelechus Moore and Jeffords 1968
G. †Lamprosterigma Moore and Jeffords 1968
Fm. †Leptocarphiidae Moore and Jeffords 1968
+
G. †Lichenocrinus Hall 1866
+
†Lichenocrinus crateriformis Hall 1872
†Lichenocrinus obliquus Ulrich 1925
†Lichenocrinus subaequalis Foerste 1914
G. †Malovicrinus Stukalina 1968
G. †Mastocrinus Wanner 1956
G. †Mooreanteris Moore 1968
G. †Multifidocrinus
G. †Ordinacrinus
G. †Pandocrinus Stukalina 1965
Subcl. Pentacrinoidea Jaekel 1918
+
Infracl. Inadunata Wachsmuth and Springer 1897
+
Unr. Cladida Moore and Laudon 1943
+
G. †Aaglacrinus
G. †Aithriocrinus Donov and Veltka 1993
Or. †Ampelocrinida Webster and Jell 1999
G. †Bicidiocrinus Strimple 1975
G. †Briseocrinus Prokop and Petr 1991
G. †Cathetocrinus Knapp 1969
G. †Contignatindocrinus Arendt 1981
Superfm. †Cromyocrinacea Bather 1890
Subor. †Dendrocrinina Bather 1899
G. †Eopilidiocrinus Arendt 1981
Unr. Eucladida Wright 2017
Superor. †Flexibilia Zittel 1895
G. †Goniocrinus Miller and Gurley 1890
G. †Harmostocrinus Strimple 1975
G. †Idaeumocrinus le Menn 1987
G. †Kanabinocrinus Ausich 1986
G. †Kansacrinus Pabian and Strimple 1985
G. †Kooptoonocrinus Jell and Holloway 1983
G. †Lanecrinus Kamm and Ausi 1993
G. †Lekocrinus Kamm and Ausi 1994
Superfm. †Lophocrinacea Bather 1899
G. †Manicrinus Frest and Strimple 1978
G. †Mathericrinus Webster 1981
G. †Menniscocrinus
G. †Nacocrinus Webster and Olson 1998
G. †Nuxocrinus Mclntosh 1983
G. †Parascytalocrinus Kamm and Ausi 1993
Superor. †Porocrinoidea Wright et al. 2017
Subor. †Poteriocrinitina Jaekel 1918
G. †Premanicrinus Frest and Strimple 1982
G. †Pskovicrinus
G. †Pulaskicrinus Chesnut and Ettensohn 1988
G. †Pumilindocrinus Arendt 1981
G. †Pyrenocrinus Mclntosh 1983
G. †Rimosidocrinus Arendt 1981
G. †Saccosompsis
G. †Sardinocrinus Pabian and Strimple 1985
G. †Scammatocrinus Burdick and Strimple 1982
Superfm. †Texacrinacea Strimple 1961
G. †Treocrinus Prokop and Petr 1991
G. †Wetherbyocrinus Chesnut and Ettensohn 1988
G. †Worthenocrinus Kamm and Ausi 1994
Invalid names: Apektocrinidae Guensburg and Sprinkle 2009 [empty], Cyathocrinacea Roemer 1854 [empty], Dimerocrinites anticostiensis Ausich and Copper 2010 [nomen nudum]
G. †Dicirrocrinus Schmidt 1934
Superor. †Disparida Moore and Laudon 1943
+
Superfm. †Allagecrinacea Carpenter and Etheridge 1881
Superfm. †Allagecrinoidea Carpenter and Etheridge 1881
Fm. †Alphacrinidae Guensburg 2010
Fm. †Athenacrinidae Guensburg et al. 2020
G. †Aureocrinus Prokop 1982
Superfm. †Belemnocrinoidea Miller 1883
G. †Brutopisocrinus Prokop and Petr 1989
Or. †Calceocrinida Ausich 1998
G. †Changninocrinus Chen Yao and Yu 1985
G. †Claviculacrinus Donovan 1989
G. †Eocicerocrinus Donovan 1989
Or. †Eustenocrinida Ausich 1998
G. †Gongrocrinus Burdick and Strimple 1982
G. †Heracrinus Prokop 1977
Fm. †Heterocrinidae Zittel 1879
Or. †Homocrinida Ausich 1998
G. †Junocrinus Prokop 1977
G. †Macnamaratylus
Or. †Maennilicrinida Ausich 1998
Or. †Myelodactylida Ausich 1998
Fm. †Paradoxocrinidae Moore and Laudon 1943
G. †Pariocrinus Eckert 1984
Unr. †Pentameri Moore and Jeffords 1968
G. †Perittocrinus Jaekel
Or. †Pisocrinida Ausich and Copper 2010
G. †Regnellicrinus Rozhnov 1981
G. †Resetocrinus Prokop and Petr 1991
Or. †Tetragonocrinida Ausich 1998
Fm. †Tornatilicrinidae Guensberg 1984
G. †Westheadocrinus Donovan 1989
G. †Xisoallogecrinus
Invalid names: Anomalocrinacea Wachsmuth and Springer 1886 [empty], Calceocrinacea Meek and Worthen 1869 [empty], Cincinnaticrinacea Warn and Strimple 1977 [empty], Heterocrinacea Zittel 1879 [empty], Heterocrinoidea Zittel 1879 [empty], Homocrinacea Kirk 1914 [empty], Myelodactylacea Miller 1883 [empty], Perittocrinacea Ubaghs 1971 [empty], Pisocrinacea Angelin 1878 [empty], Pisocrinoidea Angelin 1878 [empty]
Fm. †Merocrinidae Miller 1890
+
G. †Merocrinus Walcott 1884
G. †Polycrinus Jaekel 1918
G. †Praecupulocrinus Brower 1992
Fm. †Metabolocrinidae Jaekel 1918
+
G. †Cyliocrinus Jaekel 1918
G. †Eopinnacrinus Brower and Veinus 1982
G. †Konieckicrinus Wright et al. 2019
G. †Metabolocrinus Jaekel 1902
G. †Pagecrinus Kirk 1929
G. †Passalocrinus
Fm. †Poteriocrinidae Roemer 1851
+
G. †Logocrinus Goldring 1923
Invalid names: Poteriocrininae Springer 1911 [empty]
G. †Thuringocrinus
Invalid names: Disparata Moore and Laudon 1943 [empty], Fistulata Wachsmuth and Springer 1885 [empty], Larviformia Wachsmuth and Springer 1885 [empty]
G. †Pentagonocyclicus Yeltysheva and Shevchenko 1960
+
†Pentagonocyclicus lamonti Donovan et al. 2011
G. †Pentagonopterix
G. †Pentaridica Moore and Jeffords 1968
G. †Phialocrinus Eichwald 1856
G. †Preptopremnum Moore and Jeffords 1968
Unr. †Protocrinoidea Guensburg and Sprinkle 2003
+
Fm. †Titanocrinidae Guensburg and Sprinkle 2003
+
Invalid names: Titanocrinidae Guensburg and Sprinkle 2003 [valid]
Fm. †Salairocrinidae Dubatolova 1971
+
G. †Salairocrinus Dubatolova 1971
Fm. †Schyschcatocrinidae Dubatolova 1971
+
G. †Schyschcatocrinus Dubatolova 1971
+
†Schyschcatocrinus delicatus Gluchowski 1993
†Schyschcatocrinus levis Gluchowski 2002
†Schyschcatocrinus multiformis Gluchowski 1993
Fm. †Stenocrinidae Dubatolova 1971
+
G. †Calleocrinus Dubatolova 1971
+
†Calleocrinus bicostatus Gluchowski 1993
†Calleocrinus kielcensis Gluchowski 1993
G. †Stenocrinus Dubatolova 1971
+
†Stenocrinus altus Sisova 1988
†Stenocrinus raricostatus Gluchowski 1993
Fm. †Stukaliniidae Doweld 2012
+
Invalid names: Lobocrinidae Stukalina 1982 [replaced]
Fm. †Tantalocrinidae Le Menn 1985
+
Fm. †Taranshicrinidae Sisova 1988
+
G. †Tatjanicrinus
G. †Tetragonocyclicus Dubatolova 1964
G. †Tetralobocrinus Dubatolova 1971
G. †Torrocrinus
G. †Webericrinus
G. †Zeravschanocrinus Schewtschenko 1966
Invalid names: Acariaeocrinus Biese 1935 [nomen dubium], Carpenterocrinus Clark 1908 [nomen dubium], Cyclomischidae Moore and Jeffords 1968 [empty], Dentiferocrinidae Stukalina 1977 [empty], Echmatocrinida [empty], Entrochus rotiformis Koken 1900 [nomen dubium], Gasterometra Gislen 1925 [invalid subgroup], Picteticrinus Etallon 1857 [nomen nudum], Protocrinoidea Guensburg and Sprinkle 2003 [empty], Waikaripites Eagle 2005 [nomen nudum]
Cl. †Diploporita Müller 1854
+
G. †Batalleria
G. †Brightonicystis
G. †Codiacystis
+
†Codiacystis bohemica Barrande 1887
+
Invalid names: Aristocystites grandiscutum Barrande 1887 [synonym], Craterina consobrina Barrande 1887 [synonym], Craterina excavata Barrande 1877 [synonym], Craterina infundibulum Barrande 1887 [synonym], Craterina intermedia excavata Barrande 1887 [synonym], Craterina obscens Barrande 1887 [synonym]
†Codiacystis moneta Barrande 1887
+
Invalid names: Alveolites advena Barrande 1887 [synonym], Aristocystites idealis Barrande 1887 [synonym], Craterina applanata Barrande 1887 [synonym], Craterina modica Barrande 1887 [synonym], Craterina simulans Barrande 1877 [synonym], Craterina surgens Barrande 1887 [synonym]
Codiacystis potens Barrande 1887
Invalid names: Craterina Barrande 1887 [synonym], Cystidea porosa Barrande 1887 [nomen dubium]
G. †Destombesia
Fm. †Parasphaeronitiidae Bockelie 1984
+
G. †Parasphaeronites Bockelie 1984
+
†Parasphaeronites socialis Bockelie 1984
†Parasphaeronites socialis Bockelie 1984
G. †Pemphocystis
G. †Proteocystites Barrande 1887
+
†Proteocystites hispanica Meléndez 1944
Invalid names: Proteocystites hispanica Meléndez 1944 [valid]
Invalid names: Aristocystitoida Neumayr 1889 [empty], Glyptosphaeritidacea Bernard 1895 [empty], Seriolata Jaekel 1918 [empty]
Cl. †Eocrinoidea Jaekel 1918
+
G. †Acanthocystites Barrande 1887
Or. †Ascocystitida
+
Fm. †Rhopalocystidae Ubaghs 1967
+
G. †Rhopalocystis Ubaghs 1963
+
†Rhopalocystis destombesi Ubaghs 1963
+
Invalid names: Rhopalocystis dehirensis Chauvel and Régnault 1986 [synonym]
†Rhopalocystis fraga Chauvel 1971
†Rhopalocystis grandis Chauvel 1971
†Rhopalocystis havliceki Chauvel 1978
†Rhopalocystis mesonesensis Clausen 2004
†Rhopalocystis zagoraensis Chauvel 1971
+
Invalid names: Rhopalocystis lehmani Chauvel 1978 [synonym]
Fm. †Ascocystitidae Ubaghs 1967
+
G. †Ascocystites Barrande 1887
+
†Ascocystites drabowensis Barrande 1887
†Ascocystites micraster Barrande 1887
G. †Balantiocystis Chauvel 1966
G. †Bolboporites Pander 1830
+
†Bolboporites americanus Billings 1859
†Bolboporites uncinata Pander 1830
Invalid names: Bolboporites Pander 1830 [objective synonym]
G. †Cigara
Or. †Gogiida Broadhead 1982
+
Fm. †Eocrinidae Jaekel 1918
+
G. †Globoeocrinus Zhao et al. 2008
+
G. †Gogia Walcott 1917
+
†Gogia granulosa Robison 1965
†Gogia guntheri Sprinkle 1973
†Gogia hobbsi Sprinkle 1973
†Gogia kitchnerensis Sprinkle 1973
†Gogia longidactylus Walcott 1886
†Gogia multibrachiatus Kirk 1945
†Gogia ojenai Durham 1978
†Gogia palmeri Sprinkle 1973
†Gogia parsleyi Zamora et al. 2009
†Gogia prolifica Walcott 1917
†Gogia spiralis Robison 1965
†Gogia stephenensis Sprinkle and Collins 2006
Invalid names: Eocrinus Jaekel 1918 [synonym]
G. †Sinoeocrinus
+
†Sinoeocrinus lui Zhao et al. 1994
+
Invalid names: Curtoeocrinus guizhouensis Zhao et al. 1994 [synonym], Paragogia globosa Zhao et al. 1994 [synonym], Sinoeocrinus curtobrachiolus Zhao et al. 1994 [synonym], Sinoeocrinus longus Zhao et al. 1994 [synonym], Sinoeocrinus minus Zhao et al. 1994 [synonym]
Invalid names: Curtoeocrinus Zhao et al. 1994 [synonym], Paragogia [synonym]
Fm. †Lyracystidae Sprinkle and Collins 2006
+
G. †Lyracystis Sprinkle and Collins 2006
+
†Lyracystis radiata Sprinkle and Collins 2006
†Lyracystis reesei Sprinkle and Collins 2006
G. †Hexedriocystis Sumrall and Zamora 2011
+
†Hexedriocystis inexpectans Sumrall and Zamora 2011
†Hexedriocystis mimus Sumrall and Zamora 2011
G. †Lapillocystites
Fm. †Lichenoididae Jaekel 1918
+
G. †Lichenoides Barrande 1846
+
†Lichenoides priscus Barrande 1846
†Lichenoides vadosus Parsley and Prokop 2004
Fm. †Lingulocystidae Ubaghs 1960
+
G. †Lingulocystis Thoral 1935
+
†Lingulocystis boliviensis Sprinkle 1973
†Lingulocystis deani Ubaghs 1994
†Lingulocystis elongata Thoral 1935
G. †Paracryptocrinites Rozhnov and Federov 2001
G. †Pilocystites
G. †Polyptychella
Fm. †Ridersiidae Jell et al. 1985
+
Or. †Trachelocrinida Sumrall 1997
+
Fm. †Heckerocrinidae Doweld 2012
+
G. †Heckerocrinus Doweld 2012
+
†Heckerocrinus elpasoensis Doweld 2012
+
Invalid names: Bockia elpasoensis Sprinkle and Wahlman 1994 [replaced]
Invalid names: Bockia Hecker 1938 [replaced]
Invalid names: Bockiidae Ubaghs 1972 [replaced]
Fm. †Trachelocrinidae Sprinkle 1973
+
Invalid names: Imbricata Sprinkle 1973 [empty]
Or. †Glyptosphaeritida Bernard 1895
+
Fm. †Dactylocystidae Jaekel 1899
+
Fm. †Eumorphocystidae Branson and Peck 1940
+
G. †Eumorphocystis
+
†Eumorphocystis multiporata Branson and Peck 1940
+
Invalid names: Eumorphocystis oklahomensis Bassler 1950 [synonym], Eumorphocystis typicalis Bassler 1950 [synonym]
Invalid names: Regnellicystis [synonym], Strimplecystis Bassler 1950 [synonym]
Fm. †Glyptosphaeritidae Bernard 1895
+
G. †Glyptosphaerites Müller 1854
+
†Glyptosphaerites ferrigena Barrande 1887
†Glyptosphaerites suecicus Angelin 1878
Fm. †Gomphocystitidae Bassler 1938
+
G. †Celticystis Bockelie 1979
G. †Gomphocystites Hall 1864
+
†Gomphocystites californicus Stauffer 1930
†Gomphocystites glans Hall 1864
†Gomphocystites gotlandicus Angelin 1878
†Gomphocystites indianensis Miller 1889
Fm. †Protocrinitidae Bather 1899
+
G. †Fungocystites Barrande 1887
+
Fungocystites rarissimus Barrande 1887
Fungocystites solitarius Barrande 1887
G. †Protocrinites Eichwald 1840
+
†Protocrinites oviformis Eichwald 1840
†Protocrinites rugatus Bockelie 1984
G. †Tristomiocystis Sumrall et al. 2009
+
†Tristomiocystis globosus Sumrall et al. 2009
†Tristomiocystis globosus Sumrall et al. 2009
Cl. †Lepidocystoidea Durham 1967
+
Fm. †Felbabkacystidae Nardin et al. 2017
+
Fm. †Lepidocystidae Durham 1967
+
G. †Vyscystis Fatka and Kordule 1990
+
†Vyscystis spinosa Wang et al. 2024
†Vyscystis ubaghsi Fatka and Kordule 1990
Or. †Parablastoidea Hudson 1907
+
Fm. †Blastocystidae Jaekel 1918
+
G. †Blastocystis
G. †Blastoidocrinus Billings 1859
+
†Blastoidocrinus carchariaedens Billings 1859
†Blastoidocrinus nevadensis Sprinkle 1973
G. †Eurekablastus Sprinkle and Sumrall 2008
+
†Eurekablastus ninemilensis Sprinkle and Sumrall 2008
†Eurekablastus rozhnovi Sprinkle and Sumrall 2008
G. †Meristoschisma
Cl. †Paracrinoidea Regnell 1945
+
Or. †Comarocystitida Parsley and Mintz 1975
+
Fm. †Achradocystitidae Stukalina and Hintz 1989
+
G. †Achradocystites Volborth 1870
+
†Achradocystites grewingkii Rozhnov 2017
†Achradocystites schmidti Hecker 1958
Fm. †Amygdalocystitidae Jaekel 1900
+
G. †Amygdalocystites Billings 1854
+
†Amygdalocystites florealis Billings 1854
+
Invalid names: Amygdalocystites laevis Billings 1883 [synonym]
†Amygdalocystites radiatus Billings 1854
+
Invalid names: Amygdalocystites invaginata Bassler 1950 [synonym]
Invalid names: Billingsocystis Bassler 1950 [synonym]
G. †Oklahomacystis
+
†Oklahomacystis bibrachiatus Parsley 1982
†Oklahomacystis spissus Frest et al. 1980
†Oklahomacystis tribrachiatus Bassler 1943
†Oklahomacystis trigonis Guensburg 1984
Fm. †Comarocystitidae Bather 1899
+
G. †Comarocystites Billings 1854
+
†Comarocystites punctatus Billings 1854
†Comarocystites tribrachius Parsley and Mintz 1975
G. †Implicaticystis Frest and Strimple 1982
+
†Implicaticystis shumardi Meek and Worthen 1865
†Implicaticystis symmetricus Frest and Strimple 1982
G. †Sinclairocystis Bassler 1950
+
†Sinclairocystis praedicta Bassler 1950
+
Invalid names: Sinclairocystis angulatus Strimple 1952 [synonym], Sinclairocystis sulphurensis Strimple 1952 [synonym]
G. †Ovulocystites
Fm. †Heckeritidae Rozhnov 1987
+
Or. †Platycystitida
+
Fm. †Bistomiacystitidae Sprinkle and Parsley 1982
+
G. †Bistomiacystis
+
†Bistomiacystis globosa Sprinkle and Parsley 1982
†Bistomiacystis schrantzi Sumrall and Deline 2009
Fm. †Malocystitidae Bather 1899
+
Fm. †Platycystitidae Parsley and Mintz 1975
+
G. †Canadocystis Jaekel 1900
+
†Canadocystis barrandei Billings 1858
†Canadocystis emmonsi Hudson 1905
†Canadocystis tennesseensis Parsley and Mintz 1975
Invalid names: Sigmacystis Hudson 1911 [synonym]
Subfm. †Platycystitinae Parsley and Mintz 1975
+
G. †Globulocystites Frest et al. 1979
G. †Platycystites Miller 1889
Fm. †Springerocystidae Bassler 1950
+
G. †Columbocystis Bassler 1950
+
†Columbocystis ovata Parsley 1975
†Columbocystis typica Bassler 1950
G. †Foerstecystis Bassler 1950
Or. †Rhombifera Zittel 1879
+
G. †Acantholepis McCoy 1846
+
†Acantholepis interruptus Jaekel 1899
†Acantholepis jamesii McCoy 1846
Superfm. †Caryocystitida Jaekel 1918
+
Fm. †Caryocystitidae Jaekel 1918
+
G. †Caryocystites Buch 1844
+
†Caryocystites dubius Angelin 1878
+
Invalid names: Caryocystites angelini Haeckel 1896 [synonym], Caryocystites dubia Paul 1972 [synonym]
†Caryocystites lagenalis Regnell 1945
†Caryocystites rugosus Bockelie 1982
†Caryocystites testudinarius Hisinger and Buch 1846
†Caryocystites thorslundi Bockelie 1982
†Caryocystites valdari Bockelie 1982
†Caryocystites variabilis Regnell 1945
+
Invalid names: Heliocrinites variabilis Regnell 1945 [synonym]
G. †Heliocrinites Eichwald 1840
+
†Heliocrinites angustiporus Regnell 1945
†Heliocrinites balticus Eichwald 1829
†Heliocrinites granatum Wahlenberg 1821
†Heliocrinites guttaeformis Regnell 1945
†Heliocrinites helmhackeri Barrande 1887
†Heliocrinites malaisei Regnell 1951
†Heliocrinites minutus Chauvel and Le Menn 1973
†Heliocrinites ovalis Angelin 1878
†Heliocrinites prominens Angelin 1878
†Heliocrinites rouvillei von Koenen 1886
†Heliocrinites stellatus Regnell 1945
G. †Orocystites
G. †Stichocystis Jaekel 1918
+
†Stichocystis alutacea Jaekel 1899
†Stichocystis geometrica Angelin 1878
G. †Ulrichocystis
Invalid names: Ulrichocystidae Paul 1972 [empty]
Superfm. †Caryocystitidacea Jaekel 1918
+
Fm. †Echinosphaeritidae Neumayr 1889
+
G. †Echinosphaerites Wahlenberg 1818
+
Subg. †Echinosphaerites (Echinosphaerites) Wahlenberg 1821
Subg. †Echinosphaerites (Larites) de Gregorio 1930
†Echinosphaerites aurantium Gyllenhaal 1772
†Echinosphaerites barrandei Jaekel 1899
†Echinosphaerites concomitans Barrande 1887
†Echinosphaerites difformis Jaekel 1899
†Echinosphaerites grandis Jaekel 1899
†Echinosphaerites granulatus Botting 2003
Fm. †Dibrachicystidae Zamora and Smith 2011
+
G. †Vizcainoia Zamora and Smith 2011
+
†Vizcainoia languedocianus Ubaghs 1987
†Vizcainoia moncaiensis Zamora and Smith 2011
Or. †Glyptocystitida Bather 1899
+
Fm. †Barroubiocystidae Ubaghs 1999
+
G. †Lemoneites Flower 1969
+
†Lemoneites mirabilis Flower 1969
+
Invalid names: Lemoneites ambiguus Flower 1969 [synonym], Lemoneites gomphocaudatus Flower 1969 [synonym], Lemoneites simplex Flower 1969 [synonym]
Superfm. †Glyptocystitoida Bather 1899
+
Fm. †Callocystitidae Bernard 1895
+
G. †Adocetocystis Koch and Strimple 1968
G. †Apiocystites Forbes 1848
G. †Callocystites Hall 1852
G. †Coelocystis Schuchert 1903
G. †Hallicystis Jaekel 1899
G. †Jaekelocystis Schuchert 1903
G. †Lipsanocystis Ehlers and Leighley 1922
G. †Novacystis Paul and Bolton 1991
G. †Prunocystites Forbes 1848
G. †Pseudocrinites Pearce 1843
G. †Salirocystis Paul 2014
G. †Sphaerocystites Hall 1859
G. †Staurocystis Haeckel 1896
G. †Strobilocystites White 1876
G. †Tetracystis Schuchert 1904
G. †Troosticystis Paul and Donovan 2011
Invalid names: Apiocystinae Jaekel 1899 [empty], Apiocystitinae Jaekel 1899 [empty], Callocystitinae Bernard 1895 [empty], Staurocystinae Jaekel 1899 [empty]
Fm. †Cheirocrinidae Jaekel 1899
+
G. †Acanthalepis McCoy 1846
G. †Cheirocrinus Eichwald 1856
+
†Cheirocrinus chrysalis Hall 1860
†Cheirocrinus constrictus Bather 1913
†Cheirocrinus dilatatus Regnell 1951
†Cheirocrinus holmi Regnéll 1945
†Cheirocrinus leuchtenbergi Angelin 1899
†Cheirocrinus logani Billings 1857
†Cheirocrinus nodosus Jaekel 1899
†Cheirocrinus penniger Eichwald 1842
G. †Cheirocystella Paul 1972
+
†Cheirocystella antiqua Paul 1972
†Cheirocystella languedociunus Thoral 1935
G. †Cheirocystis Paul 1972
+
†Cheirocystis anatiformis Hall 1847
†Cheirocystis ardmorensis Bassler 1943
†Cheirocystis fultonensis Sumrall and Schumacher 2002
†Cheirocystis liexiensis Liu et al. 2024
†Cheirocystis radiatus Jaekel 1899
G. †Coronocystis Paul 1972
+
†Coronocystis angulatus Wood 1909
†Coronocystis durandensis Kolata 1975
G. †Hadrocystis Sprinkle 1974
G. †Leptocystis
G. †Sprinkleocystis Broadhead and Sumrall 2003
+
†Sprinkleocystis ektopios Broadhead and Sumrall 2003
Fm. †Cuniculocystidae Sprinkle and Wahlman 1994
+
Fm. †Echinoencrinitidae Bather 1899
+
G. †Echinoencrinites von Meyer 1826
+
†Echinoencrinites laevigatus Jaekel 1899
†Echinoencrinites reticulatus Jaekel 1899
†Echinoencrinites senckenbergii von Meyer 1826
†Echinoencrinites striatus Jaekel 1899
G. †Erinocystis Jaekel 1899
G. †Eutretocystis
G. †Glansicystis Paul 1967
G. †Glaphyrocystis Jaekel 1899
G. †Gonocrinites Eichwald 1840
+
†Gonocrinites angulosus Pander 1830
†Gonocrinites lahuseni Jaekel 1899
G. †Osculocystis Paul 1967
G. †Schizocystis Jaekel 1895
G. †Scoliocystis Jaekel 1899
+
†Scoliocystis pumila Eichwald 1860
†Scoliocystis thersites Jaekel 1899
G. †Tyrridiocystis Broadhead and Strimple 1978
Invalid names: Scoliocystidae Jaekel 1899 [synonym], Scoliocystinae Jaekel 1899 [empty]
Fm. †Glyptocystitidae Bather 1899
+
G. †Glyptocystella Paul 1972
+
†Glyptocystella loeblichi Bassler 1943
+
Invalid names: Glyptocystella ornatus Bassler 1943 [synonym]
G. †Glyptocystites Billings 1854
+
†Glyptocystites batheri Sinclair 1948
†Glyptocystites grandis Sinclair 1945
†Glyptocystites groenlandicus Paul 1976
†Glyptocystites multipora Billings 1854
†Glyptocystites regnelli Sinclair 1948
Invalid names: Glyptocystis Angelin 1878 [synonym]
Fm. †Macrocystellidae Bather 1899
+
G. †Macrocystella Callaway 1877
+
†Macrocystella azaisi Thoral 1935
†Macrocystella bavarica Barrande 1867
†Macrocystella bohemicus Barrande 1867
+
Invalid names: Macrocystella obscondita Barrande 1887 [synonym]
†Macrocystella durandi Aceñolaza 1999
†Macrocystella greylingi Hammann and Sdzuy 2001
†Macrocystella mariae Callaway 1877
†Macrocystella pauli Gil Cid et al. 1996
†Macrocystella tasseftensis Chauvel 1969
Invalid names: Cystidea Barrande 1887 [synonym], Mimocystites Barrande 1867 [synonym]
Fm. †Pleurocystitidae Neumayr 1889
+
Subfm. †Deltacystinae Sumrall and Sprinkle 1995
+
G. †Deltacystis Sprinkle 1974
G. †Plethoschisma Sprinkle 1974
Subfm. †Henicocystinae Jell 1983
+
G. †Coopericystis Parsley 1970
G. †Henicocystis Jell 1983
G. †Regulaecystis Dehm 1932
Subfm. †Pleurocystitinae Ulrich and Kirk 1911
+
G. †Amecystis Ulrich and Kirk 1921
G. †Praepleurocystis Paul 1967
G. †Pygecystis Paul 1984
G. †Turgidacystis Parsley and Sumrall 2007
G. †Pirocystella
Superfm. †Polycosmitida Jaekel 1918
+
Invalid names: Polycosmitidae Jaekel 1918 [empty], Stichocystidae Jaekel 1918 [empty]
G. †Thomacystis
Invalid names: Glyptocystitidacea Bather 1899 [empty], Pleurocystitida Jell 1983 [empty]
Cl. †Rhombifera Zittel 1879
+
Superfm. †Hemicosmitoida Jaekel 1918
+
Fm. †Caryocrinitidae Bassler 1938
+
G. †Caryocrinites Say 1825
+
†Caryocrinites cryptoporus Paul 1984
†Caryocrinites ornatus Say 1825
†Caryocrinites rugatus Forbes 1848
†Caryocrinites septentrionalis Regnell 1945
G. †Juglandocrinus von Koenen 1886
+
†Juglandocrinus crassus von Koenen 1886
†Juglandocrinus elongatus Jaekel 1899
+
Invalid names: Juglandocrinus vulgaris Dreyfus 1939 [synonym]
†Juglandocrinus europaeus Quenstedt 1874
†Juglandocrinus sdzuyi Chauvel and Le Menn 1979
†Juglandocrinus turbo Bather 1906
Invalid names: Oocystis Dreyfus 1939 [synonym]
G. †Ptychocosmites
G. †Stribalocystites
Fm. †Hemicosmitidae Jaekel 1918
+
G. †Corylocrinus
G. †Hemicosmites Buch 1840
+
†Hemicosmites extraneus Eichwald 1840
†Hemicosmites grandis Jaeckel 1899
†Hemicosmites oelandicus Regnell 1945
†Hemicosmites papaveris Bockelie 1979
†Hemicosmites pyriformis Buch 1840
†Hemicosmites sculptus Bockelie 1979
†Hemicosmites sphaericus Bockelie 1979
†Hemicosmites variabilis Bockelie 1979
Invalid names: Hexalacystis Haeckel 1896 [synonym]
G. †Tricosmites
Cl. †Soluta Jaekel 1900
+
G. †Coleicarpus Daley 1996
+
†Coleicarpus sprinklei Daley 1996
+
Invalid names: Castericystis sprinklei Ubaghs and Robison 1988 [objective synonym]
Or. †Dendrocystitida Noailles et al. 2014
+
Fm. †Dendrocystitidae Bassler 1938
+
G. †Dehmicystis
G. †Dendrocystites Barrande 1887
+
†Dendrocystites barrandei Bather 1913
†Dendrocystites sedgwicki Barrande 1887
G. †Dendrocystoides
G. †Girvanicystis
G. †Heckericystis
G. †Maennilia Rozhnov and Jefferies 1996
G. †Rutroclypeus
Invalid names: Girvanicystidae [empty], Maennilidae [empty], Rutroclypeidae [empty]
Or. †Syringocrinida Parsley and Caster 1965
+
G. †Drepanocystis Sumrall et al. 1997
Fm. †Iowacystidae Gill and Caster 1960
+
G. †Belemnocystites
G. †Iowacystis
G. †Myeinocystites
G. †Scalenocystites
Invalid names: Belemnocystitidae Caster 1967 [synonym]
Fm. †Minervaecystidae Ubaghs and Caster 1967
+
G. †Minervaecystis
G. †Pahvanticystis Lefebvre and Lerosey-Aubril 2018
+
†Pahvanticystis utahensis Lefebvre and Lerosey-Aubril 2018
G. †Syringocrinus
Invalid names: Plasiacystidae Prokop and Petr 2004 [empty]
Superfm. †Sphaeronitida Neumayr 1889
+
Fm. †Aristocystitidae Bassler 1938
+
G. †Amphoracystis
Subfm. †Aristocystitinae Neumayr 1894
+
G. †Aristocystites Barrande 1887
+
†Aristocystites bohemicus Barrande 1887
†Aristocystites docens Barrande 1887
†Aristocystites metroi Parsley 1990
†Aristocystites tecta Barrande 1887
G. †Baculocystites
G. †Campylostoma Dreyfuss 1939
G. †Pachycalix
G. †Prokopius Paul 2018
+
G. †Triamara Tillman 1967
+
†Triamara ventricosa Miller 1879
+
Invalid names: Triamara ampla Miller 1892 [synonym], Triamara cutleri Tillman 1967 [synonym], Triamara gyrina Miller and Gurley 1894 [synonym]
Fm. †Holocystitidae Miller 1889
+
G. †Holocystites Hall 1864
+
Subg. †Holocystites (Megacystites) Frest et al. 2011
+
†Holocystites (Megacystites) abnormis Hall 1864
†Holocystites (Megacystites) greenvillensis Foerste 1917
Subg. †Holocystites (Sepulticystis) Frest et al. 2011
+
†Holocystites (Sepulticystis) spangleri Miller 1891
†Holocystites cylindricus Hall 1861
†Holocystites salmoensis Sheffield et al. 2018
G. †Paulicystis Frest et al. 2011
+
†Paulicystis densus Frest et al. 2011
†Paulicystis sparsus Frest et al. 2011
G. †Pustulocystis Paul 1971
+
†Pustulocystis ornatissimus Miller 1891
†Pustulocystis pentax Paul 1971
Invalid names: Trematocystinae Frest and Strimple 2011 [empty]
Fm. †Sphaeronitidae Neumayr 1889
+
G. †Allocystites
G. †Archegocystis Jaekel 1899
+
†Archegocystis desideratus Barrande 1887
+
Invalid names: Pyrocystites patulus Barrande 1887 [synonym], Pyrocystites pirum Barrande 1887 [synonym]
†Archegocystis granulata Paul 1973
Invalid names: Archegocystis desideratus Barrande 1887 [valid], Archegocystis granulata Paul 1973 [valid]
G. †Archegocystis Jaekel 1899
+
†Archegocystis desideratus Barrande 1887
+
Invalid names: Pyrocystites patulus Barrande 1887 [synonym], Pyrocystites pirum Barrande 1887 [synonym]
†Archegocystis granulata Paul 1973
Invalid names: Archegocystis desideratus Barrande 1887 [valid], Archegocystis granulata Paul 1973 [valid]
G. †Barbieria
G. †Calix Rouault 1851
+
†Calix dorecki Sdzuy 1955
†Calix lebescontei Chauvel 1935
†Calix purkynei buchoti Chauvel 1953
†Calix sedgwicki Rouault 1851
Invalid names: Dorycystites Kloucek 1917 [synonym]
G. †Diplosphaeronis Paul 1973
G. †Eucystis Angelin 1878
+
†Eucystis acuminata Regnell 1945
†Eucystis angelini Regnell 1945
†Eucystis barrandena Haeckel 1896
†Eucystis branagani Brown 1963
†Eucystis chlupaci Prokop 1964
†Eucystis flava Barrande 1887
†Eucystis hercynica Jaekel 1899
†Eucystis hibernica Paul 1973
†Eucystis langoeyensis Bockelie 1984
†Eucystis pentax Paul 1973
†Eucystis quadrangularis Regnell 1945
†Eucystis raripunctata Angelin 1878
†Eucystis robusta Prokop 1964
Invalid names: Austrocystites Brown 1963 [synonym], Carpocystites [synonym], Palmacystis Haeckel 1896 [synonym], Proteocystites Barrande 1887 [synonym]
G. †Haplosphaeronis Jaekel 1926
+
†Haplosphaeronis bratterudensis Bockelie 1984
†Haplosphaeronis kiaeri Jaekel 1926
†Haplosphaeronis oblonga Angelin 1899
†Haplosphaeronis proiciens Regnell 1951
G. †Paleosphaeronites Prokop 1964
+
†Paleosphaeronites crateriformis Růžička 1927
†Paleosphaeronites grossularia Mergl and Prokop 2006
G. †Sphaeronites Hisinger 1828
+
Subg. †Sphaeronites (Ataphros) Paul and Bockelie 1983
+
†Sphaeronites (Ataphros) insuliporus Paul and Bockelie 1983
Subg. †Sphaeronites (Peritaphros) Paul 1973
+
†Sphaeronites (Peritaphros) globulus Angelin 1878
†Sphaeronites (Peritaphros) litchi Forbes 1848
†Sphaeronites (Peritaphros) pauciscleritatus Paul and Bockelie 1983
†Sphaeronites (Peritaphros) pyriformis Forbes 1848
†Sphaeronites (Peritaphros) variabilis Paul and Bockelie 1983
Subg. †Sphaeronites (Sphaeronites) Hisinger 1828
+
†Sphaeronites (Sphaeronites) minor Paul and Bockelie 1983
†Sphaeronites (Sphaeronites) pomum Gyllenhaal 1772
†Sphaeronites crateriformis Růžička 1927
†Sphaeronites globulus Angelin 1896
†Sphaeronites leuchtenbergi Volborth 1846
G. †Tetreucystis Bockelie 1984
+
†Tetreucystis elongata Bockelie 1984
†Tetreucystis kalvoeyensis Bockelie 1984
†Tetreucystis quadrangularis Regnell 1945
†Tetreucystis tetrabrachiolata Bockelie 1984
G. †Tholocystis
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| J. Sprinkle 1973 | Extinct Paleozoic "pelmatozoan" echinoderms having a globular multi- plated calyx bearing erect food-gathering appendages called brachioles and attached to the sea bottom by a stem or holdfast attachment appendage. The characteristic brachioles are relatively small but long, erect, bierially plated, nonpinnulate, food-gathering appendages usually attached to specialized recumbent ambulacra! areas for support. Brachioles (and ambulacra) in all blastozoans may have completely lacked tube feet, and the water vascular system may have been considerably reduced. The calyx is usually more or less globular (sometimes flattened), has numerous adjacent tightly sutured plates (except for a few early eocrinoids with imbricate plates), and often shows well-developed pentameral symmetry in the ambulacral system, calyx plating, and other structures. Calyx respiratory structures are present in most forms and consist either of sutural pores (epispires) connecting to the interior, or thin internal calcified folds located suturally and opening to the exterior through the overlying plates. The calyx plates grow by primary holoperipheral growth on the sutured margins, with secondary deposits covering the interior and scattered parts of the exgterior where primary growth lines are located. Attachment appendage usually consists of a columnal-bearing stem nearly identical to that in crinoids, but many early eocrinoids have a more primitive, irregularly multi- plated, cylindrical or globular holdfast for attachment. In a few mobile, bottom-living blastozoans, the stem has been modified, reduced, or completely lost and the calyx has a flattened shape and bilateral symmetry. The subphylum contains at least 4 classes—Eocrinoidea ( +Lepidocystoidea), Rhombifera, Parablastoidea, and Blastoidea—with a total of approximately 160 genera; a fifth class ( Diploporita ) may possibly belong here also. Blastozoans range from the early Cambrian to the late Permian, have a nearly world-wide distribution, and were common, attached, filter-feeders in a wide variety of shallow water marine environments. There are no known living blastozoan echinoderms. |