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Brachyopoidea
Taxonomy
Brachyopoidea was named by Lydekker (1885). Its type is Brachyops. It was considered paraphyletic by Schoch (2013).
It was assigned to Temnospondyli by Olson and Lammers (1976) and Carroll (1988); to Brachyopomorpha by Warren and Marsicano (2000); to Trematosauria by Yates and Warren (2000); and to Stereospondyli by Warren and Damiani (1999), Schoch (2013) and Hart et al. (2023).
It was assigned to Temnospondyli by Olson and Lammers (1976) and Carroll (1988); to Brachyopomorpha by Warren and Marsicano (2000); to Trematosauria by Yates and Warren (2000); and to Stereospondyli by Warren and Damiani (1999), Schoch (2013) and Hart et al. (2023).
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1885 | Brachyopoidea Lydekker |
| 1941 | Austropelor Longman |
| 1941 | Austropelor wadleyi Longman p. 29 fig. 1,2 |
| 1976 | Brachyopoidea Olson and Lammers p. 46 |
| 1988 | Brachiopoidea Carroll |
| 1999 | Brachyopoidea Warren and Damiani p. 47 |
| 2000 | Brachyopoidea Warren and Marsicano |
| 2000 | Brachyopoidea Yates and Warren pp. 84, 103 |
| 2013 | Brachyopoidea Schoch |
| 2023 | Brachyopoidea Hart et al. p. 2 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Superfm. †Brachyopoidea Lydekker 1885
show all | hide all
Fm. †Brachyopidae Broom 1915
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G. †Banksiops Warren and Marsicano 2000
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†Banksiops townrowi Cosgriff 1974
Invalid names: Banksia Warren and Marsicano 1998 [replaced]
G. †Bathignathus Damiani and Jeannot 2002
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†Bathignathus poikilops Damiani and Jeannot 2002
†Bathignathus watsoni Haughton 1925
G. †Batrachosuchus Broom 1903
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†Batrachosuchus browni Broom 1903
†Batrachosuchus concordi Chernin 1977
†Batrachosuchus henwoodi Cosgriff 1969
G. †Blinasaurus Cosgriff 1969
G. †Platycepsion Kuhn 1964
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†Platycepsion wilkinsoni Stephens 1887
Invalid names: Platyceps Stephens 1887 [replaced]
Fm. †Chigutisauridae Rusconi 1951
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G. †Pelorocephalus Cabrera 1944
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†Pelorocephalus cacheutensis Rusconi 1953
†Pelorocephalus mendozensis Cabrera 1944
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Invalid names: Chigutisaurus tunuyanensis Rusconi 1948 [synonym]
†Pelorocephalus tenax Rusconi 1949
Invalid names: Chigutisaurus Rusconi 1948 [synonym], Pelorocephalus ischigualastensis Bonaparte 1975 [nomen nudum]
Invalid names: Icanosaurus Rusconi 1950 [nomen dubium], Icanosaurus rectifrons Rusconi 1950 [nomen dubium]
Fm. †Plagiosauridae Abel 1919
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Subfm. †Plagiosaurinae Abel 1919
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G. †Gerrothorax Nilsson 1934
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†Gerrothorax pulcherrimus Fraas 1913
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Invalid names: Gerrothorax franconicus Kuhn 1932 [synonym], Gerrothorax rhaeticus Nilsson 1934 [synonym], Plagiosaurus striopustulatus Huene 1922 [synonym], Plagiosuchus pustuloglomeratus Huene 1922 [synonym]
Subfm. †Plagiosterninae Shishkin 1986
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G. †Plagiorophus Konjukova 1955
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†Plagiorophus danilovi Shishkin 1986
†Plagiorophus paraboliceps Konzhukova 1955
G. †Plagiosternum Fraas 1896
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Unr. †Plagiosuchinae Schoch and Milner 2014
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G. †Plagioscutum Shishkin 1986
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†Plagioscutum caspiense Shishkin 1986
†Plagioscutum ochevi Shishkin 1986
G. †Taphrognathus Welles 1947
Invalid names: Austropelor Longman 1941 [nomen dubium], Austropelor wadleyi Longman 1941 [nomen dubium]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: subo = suborder, c = class, subp = subphylum, uc = unranked clade | |||||
| References: Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009, Uhen 2004 | |||||
Age range: base of the Spathian to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 251.30000 to 0.01170 Ma
Collections (112 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lopingian - Induan | Australia (Tasmania) | Bothriceps australis (117522) | |
| Induan | Australia (Tasmania) | Blinasaurus townrowi (117149 136589 136590 136591 136593) | |
| Induan | Australia (Queensland) | Brachyopoidea indet. (136407) Keratobrachyops australis, Brachyops allos (94541) Plagiobatrachus australis (85560) | |
| Early/Lower Triassic | India (Maharashtra) | Brachyops laticeps (136649) | |
| Early/Lower Triassic | Antarctica | Labyrinthodontia indet. (87420) | |
| Early/Lower Triassic | Australia (New South Wales) | Arenaerpeton supinatus (232467) | |
| Induan - Olenekian | Australia (Western Australia) | Blinasaurus henwoodi (136545 136569) | |
| Induan - Olenekian | Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul) | Plagiosauridae indet. (99230) | |
| Spathian - Anisian | Algeria (Illizi) | Brachyopidae indet. (107215) | |
| Spathian - Bithynian | Australia (New South Wales) | Platyceps wilkinsoni (131926) | |
| Olenekian | Russian Federation (Orenburg) | Melanopelta antiqua (93205) Plagiosauridae indet. (195829) | |
| Olenekian | Russian Federation (Kirov) | Melanopelta antiqua (93104) | |
| Olenekian | Russian Federation (Arkhangel'sk) | Melanopelta antiqua (189566) | |
| Olenekian | South Africa (Free State) | Bathignathus poikilops (98617) | |
| Olenekian - Anisian | Australia (Queensland) | Brachyopidae indet. (136408) | |
| Aegean - Bithynian | USA (Arizona) | Taphrognathus bradyi, Vigilius wellesi (34888) Vigilius wellesi (196998) | |
| Anisian | Russian Federation | Aranetsia improvisa (189565) | |
| Anisian | Russian Federation (Bashkortostan) | Plagioscutum ochevi (97414) Plagiosternum danilovi (97417) Plagiosternum paraboliceps, Plagioscutum ochevi (97415) | |
| Anisian | Zambia (Eastern) | Batrachosuchus concordi (99437) | |
| Anisian | South Africa (Eastern Cape) | Bathignathus watsoni (177025) Batrachosuchus browni (80060) Batrachosuchus sp. (145499) Vanastega plurimidens (96329) | |
| Anisian | South Africa (Free State) | Batrachosuchus sp. (144343) | |
| Anisian | Australia (New South Wales) | Brachyopidae indet. (38348) Notobrachyops picketti (136487) | |
| Anisian | Antarctica | Plagiosaurinae indet. (135697) | |
| Anisian | Russian Federation (Orenburg) | Plagioscutum ochevi (28850 93156 97409 189562) Plagiosternum paraboliceps (97410) | |
| Middle Triassic | Kazakhstan | Plagioscutum ochevi (189564) | |
| Middle Triassic | Germany (Baden-Württemberg) | Plagiosuchus pustuloglomeratus, Mastodonsaurus granulosus (39763) | |
| Ladinian | Russian Federation (Bashkortostan) | Plagiosternum paraboliceps, Plagioscutum caspiense (79970) | |
| Ladinian | Germany (Thüringen) | Plagiosuchus pustuloglomeratus, Plagiosternum nanum (196844) | |
| Ladinian | Kazakhstan | Plagioscutum caspiense (189563) | |
| Ladinian | France (Grand Est) | Plagiosuchus pustuloglomeratus (137680) | |
| Longobardian | Germany (Thuringia) | Plagiosauridae indet. (106360) Plagiosternum granulosum (106359 196842) Plagiosternum pustuliferum (106353) Plagiosuchus sp., Plagiosternum granulosum (106361) | |
| Longobardian | Germany (Thüringen) | Plagiosternum granulosum (196843) | |
| Longobardian | Germany (Baden-Württemberg) | Gerrothorax new species, Plagiosuchus pustuliferus (101873) Plagiosauridae indet., Gerrothorax pustuloglomeratus (106349) Plagiosternum pustuliferum (106350) Plagiosuchus pustuliferus (106351) Plagiosuchus pustuliferus, Megalophthalma ockerti (101875) Plagiosuchus pustuliferus, Plagiosternum granulosum (106352) | |
| Ladinian - Carnian | Germany (Thüringen) | Plagiosuchus pustuliferus, Plagiosternum granulosum (196845) | |
| Carnian | Germany (Bayern) | Gerrothorax sp. (124374) Plagiosaurus franconicus (97738) | |
| Carnian | Greenland (Spitsbergen) | Plagiosauridae indet. (220868) | |
| Carnian | Germany (Baden-Württemberg) | Plagiosternum sp., Plagiosaurus striopustulatus (106462) | |
| Carnian | Poland (Slaskie) | Plagiosauridae indet. (110467) | |
| Carnian | Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul) | Compsocerops sp. (175578) | |
| Carnian - Norian | Argentina (Mendoza) | Pelorocephalus cacheutensis (192150) Pelorocephalus mendozensis (192149) Pelorocephalus tenax (182589) | |
| Norian | Greenland (East Greenland) | Gerrothorax pulcherrimus (26995 106556 106557) | |
| Norian | India (Andhra Pradesh) | Compsocerops cosgriffi, Kuttycephalus triangularis (136904) | |
| Norian - Rhaetian | South Africa (Free State) | Capitosauridae indet. (107062) | |
| Norian - Rhaetian | South Africa (Eastern Cape) | Chigutisauridae indet. (107061) | |
| Norian - Rhaetian | Poland (Slaskie) | Plagiosauridae indet. (85500) | |
| Alaunian | Luxembourg (Diekirch) | Plagiosauridae indet. (56047) | |
| Alaunian | Germany (Baden-Württemberg) | Gerrothorax pulcherrimus (47800) | |
| Rhaetian | Germany (Sachsen-Anhalt) | Gerrothorax pulcherrimus (139486) Gerrothorax sp., Plagiosaurus sp. (139484) Plagiosaurus depressus (139483) | |
| Rhaetian | Sweden (Skåne) | Gerrothorax rhaeticus (107213) | |
| Rhaetian | France (Lorraine) | Plagiosaurus sp. (36106) | |
| Early/Lower Jurassic | Australia (Queensland) | Austropelor wadleyi (136398) | |
| Hettangian - Sinemurian | Lesotho (Quthing) | Brachyopoidea indet. (107133) | |
| Hettangian - Sinemurian | South Africa (Free State) | Brachyopoidea indet. (107097) Chigutisauridae indet., Brachyopoidea indet. (75263) | |
| Pliensbachian - Toarcian | Australia (Queensland) | Brachyopidae indet. (77179) | |
| Bajocian - Oxfordian | China (Sichuan) | Sinobrachyops placenticephalus (24883) | |
| Late/Upper Bathonian | Russian Federation (Moskva) | Gobiops sp. (52961) | |
| Late/Upper Bathonian | Kyrgyzstan (Jalal-Abad) | Ferganobatrachus riabinini (58187) | |
| Callovian | Kyrgyzstan (Jalal-Abad) | Ferganobatrachus riabinini (37596 46545 46547 46549) | |
| Callovian - Oxfordian | China (Xinjiang) | Temnospondyli indet. (38135) | |
| Late/Upper Jurassic | Mongolia (Govi-Altay) | Gobiops desertus (179192) | |
| Late/Upper Oxfordian - Kimmeridgian | China (Xinjiang) | Brachyopidae indet. (138119) Temnospondyli indet. (47056) | |
| Tithonian - Berriasian | Thailand (Kalasin) | Brachyopidae indet. (157421) | |
| Aptian | Australia (Victoria) | Koolasuchus cleelandi (137194) | |
| Late/Upper Aptian | Australia (Victoria) | Koolasuchus cleelandi (137195 137196) Labyrinthodontia indet. (38541 127567) | |
| Late/Upper Aptian - Albian | China (Xinjiang) | Gobiops desertus (89993) | |
| Early/Lower Albian | Australia (Victoria) | Koolasuchus cleelandi (228965) | |
| Messinian | Italy (Ravenna) | Platyceps planicarinatus (144566) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial) | Australia (Victoria) | Banksia sp. (92836 92837) |